标签 美国 下的文章

马布尔附近的白杨树，科罗拉多州，美国 Aspens near Marble, Colorado (© Jason Hatfield/TANDEM Stills + Motion)

色彩斑斓的秋天 Colorado in full color

马布尔附近的白杨树，科罗拉多州

纤细的白色树干直插云霄，即使是微风拂过，树叶也会摇曳生姿——白杨树是美国荒野的象征。它们广泛分布在美国西部各州，尤其是犹他州和科罗拉多州。这些树是北美分布最广的本土物种。正如今天这张在科罗拉多州马布尔附近拍摄的照片一样，白杨树林的秋景令人叹为观止，白杨树叶在秋天会变成明亮的金黄色，点亮整个景观。白杨树不仅美丽，而且在生物学上也令人着迷。它们以大型群落的形式生长，起源于单一的根系，是地球上最大的生物之一。树群中的每棵树都具有相同的遗传特征。当白杨树被砍伐或受损时，根系会继续存活，从而使新的枝条萌发并生长，这有助于形成一个弹性的网络，可以在野火等恶劣的条件下生存。这种物种能迅速在附近被烧毁的地区生根发芽，即使野火燎原也能再生。白杨树不仅仅是赏心悦目的风景，它们更象征着坚韧不屈的精神。

Aspens in the White River National Forest, Colorado

Slender white trunks reaching skyward and leaves fluttering even in the gentlest breeze—aspen trees are a symbol of the American wilderness. Found across the western states, especially in Utah and Colorado, these trees are the most widespread native species in North America. Their fall foliage is breathtaking, with their leaves turning a vibrant yellow that lights up the landscape, as seen in today's photo, which was taken in the White River National Forest, Colorado.

Aspens are not only beautiful but also biologically fascinating. They grow in large colonies that originate from a single root system, making them some of the largest living organisms on Earth. Each tree in the colony is genetically identical. When an aspen tree is cut down or damaged, the root system remains alive, allowing new shoots to emerge and grow, which helps create a tenacious network that can survive harsh conditions, including wildfires. This species quickly colonizes areas that have been recently burned down and can regenerate even after frequent fires. Aspen trees are more than just a treat for the eyes; they are an example of nature's resilience.

郊狼峡谷拱门中的白杨树，格兰峡谷休闲区，犹他州，美国 Cottonwoods seen through an arch in Coyote Gulch, Glen Canyon Recreation Area, Utah (© Stephen Matera/TANDEM Stills + Motion)

一抹金色 Golden glimpses

郊狼峡谷，格兰峡谷休闲区，犹他州

在犹他州郊狼峡谷天然拱门的衬托下，生机盎然的金色白杨树与埃斯卡兰特峡谷地区色彩斑斓的岩层相映成趣。郊狼峡谷是著名的背包旅行目的地，这里有高耸的垂直峡谷壁、狭窄的缝隙峡谷、穹顶、拱门和天然桥梁。峡谷的上游位于大阶梯埃斯卡兰特国家纪念区内，而今天的图片展示的是峡谷下游的格兰峡谷休闲区。这个休闲区成立于1972年。由美国国家公园管理局管理，是一个兼顾休闲和保护的保护区。与主要侧重于自然保护的国家公园不同，格兰峡谷休闲区会提供各种设施，包括四个公共露营地、两个小型机场和几家游艇租赁服务公司，因此成为了游客的热门目的地。

温德河，布鲁克斯山脉，北极国家野生动物保护区，阿拉斯加州，美国 Wind River, Brooks Range, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska (© Design Pics/DanitaDelimont)

河流的狂野舞蹈 River's wild dance

温德河，北极国家野生动物保护区，阿拉斯加州

你是否想过美国那些野生河流是如何保持原始状态的？这要归功于《野生与风景河流法案》，它于1968年的今天被签署成为法律。这项立法还创建了国家野生与风景河流系统，旨在保护那些具有杰出的自然、文化以及休闲价值的特定河流，使其保持自由流动的状态。这个国家系统管理着40个州的209条河流，它们的总长超过12700英里，但不到美国350万英里河流的四分之一。在这个系统中，河流被分类为野生、风景或休闲河流。例如今天图片中看到的温德河就是一条野生河流，它尚处于孤立且未被开发的状态。这条85英里长的河流从菲利普·史密斯山脉流向昌达拉河的东支，蜿蜒穿过一个布满湖泊和湿地的河谷。作为北极国家野生动物保护区的一部分，这个河谷是一个繁荣的栖息地，居住着白大角羊、驼鹿、北美驯鹿、灰熊等动物。在这个充满变化的世界里，还有如此原生态的河流，真令人欣慰。

Wild and Scenic Rivers Act

Ever wonder how some of our rivers stay unspoiled? It's thanks to the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act, which was signed into law on this day in 1968. This legislation created the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System, which preserves rivers with exceptional natural, cultural, and recreational qualities.

The national rivers system oversees more than 13,000 miles of 228 rivers across 41 states and Puerto Rico, a tiny fraction of the 3.5 million miles of US rivers. It categorizes rivers as wild, scenic, or recreational. The Wind River in northeastern Alaska, seen in today's image, is a wild river, isolated and undeveloped. It flows for 85 miles, from the Philip Smith Mountains to the East Fork of the Chandalar River, winding through a valley filled with lakes and wetlands. Part of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, this river valley is a bustling habitat for Dall sheep, moose, caribou, and grizzly bears. In a changing world, it's comforting to know these rivers will remain unchanged.

横跨胡萨托尼克河的西康沃尔廊桥，康涅狄格州，美国 West Cornwall Covered Bridge over the Housatonic River, Connecticut (© pabradyphoto/Getty Images)

连接康涅狄格州 Connecting Connecticut

西康沃尔廊桥，康涅狄格州

廊桥的顶棚和壁板，可以保护里面的木质结构，使其免受风雨的侵蚀，从而大大提高它的耐用性，图中的西康沃尔廊桥就是一个很好的例子。美国的许多廊桥建于19世纪，但很少有廊桥能幸存至今，那些幸存下来的往往是因为其历史和视觉价值，才得以保留。

康涅狄格州康沃尔的西康沃尔廊桥横跨胡萨托尼克河，是一座历史悠久的木结构桁架桥。该桥建于1864年，使用了一座早期桥梁的中墩，是康涅狄格州仅存的三座有顶桥梁之一。其独特的设计结合了“汤恩格构桁架”和双柱桁架，使其在廊桥中显得与众不同。大约在50年前，人们对西康沃尔廊桥进行了改造。1975年，它被认定为国家历史建筑，至今仍支持正常的交通通行。这座廊桥曾出现在电影和明信片中，展现了新英格兰村庄的经典形象。

West Cornwall Covered Bridge, Connecticut

Covered bridges like West Cornwall Covered Bridge, pictured in today's image, were designed with roofs and siding to protect their wooden structures from weathering, greatly increasing their durability. While many were built in the 19th century, few have survived to the present day, and the ones that have are often preserved for their historical and visual significance.

The West Cornwall bridge in Cornwall, Connecticut, is a historic wooden lattice truss bridge that spans the Housatonic River. Constructed in 1864 using the central pier from an earlier bridge, it's one of only three remaining roofed bridges in Connecticut. Modified about 50 years ago, it was recognized as a national historic building in 1975 and still supports traffic today. The bridge has appeared in films and postcards, embodying the classic image of a New England village.

日出时的海滩，海湾岛国家海岸，佛罗里达，美国 Beach at sunrise, Gulf Islands National Seashore, Florida, USA (© Tim Fitzharris/Minden Pictures)

海湾群岛的光芒 Gulf Islands glow

海湾岛国家海岸，佛罗里达，美国

每年9月的第四个星期六是美国国家公共土地日，今天的主题是保护公共土地，无论是国家公园，还是城市绿地，都囊括其中。在这一天，许多联邦土地免收门票，那些参与清理或修复历史建筑等保护活动的人可以获得免费的入场券，用于今后游览这些地方。自1994年设立以来，这一节日已经有了长足的发展。首次庆祝活动由三个国家机构发起，吸引了700名志愿者。到2010年，志愿者人数已增至17万人，分布在大大小小2000多个地点。

在今天的照片中，海湾岛国家海岸横跨佛罗里达州和密西西比州的墨西哥湾沿岸屏障岛，为人们提供了丰富多彩的娱乐活动，并保留了重要的自然和历史遗迹。它建于1971年，拥有绵延数英里的白色沙滩，历史悠久的防御工事和丰富的野生动物栖息地。海岸包括密西西比州小布瓦和霍恩岛上4080英亩的荒野地区，可以保护这些地区独特的生态系统。

巨型红杉，红杉国家公园，加利福尼亚州，美国 Giant sequoias, Sequoia National Park, California (© Galyna Andrushko/Shutterstock)

古代巨人的王国 The realm of ancient giants

红杉国家公园134周年纪念日

1890年的今天，红杉国家公园在内华达山脉南部成立，旨在保护美国的自然奇观之一。红杉国家公园以占地面积超过629平方英里的巨型红杉树命名，是黑熊、骡鹿等野生动物以及包括莺、莺雀、鹟在内的200多种鸟类的家园。这里的巨型红杉树已经扎根2200多年，是地球上最古老的生物之一。公园里著名的谢尔曼将军树高达275英尺。它以美国内战将军威廉·特库姆塞·谢尔曼的名字命名，不仅高，而且宽度超过36英尺。游客们蜂拥而至，捕捉这些古老巨树的瞬间，它们红褐色的纤维状树皮和宽阔的树枝唤起了一种鲜活的历史感。

Sequoia National Park's 134th anniversary

On this day in 1890, Sequoia National Park was founded in the southern Sierra Nevada of California to protect one of America's natural splendors. Named after the giant sequoias that dominate the landscape, the park spans more than 629 square miles and is home to wildlife such as black bears, mule deer, and over 200 species of birds, including warblers, vireos, and flycatchers. The giant sequoia trees here have been rooted for more than 2,200 years and are among Earth's oldest living organisms. The park's renowned General Sherman tree rises to an astonishing 275 feet. Named after the American Civil War general William Tecumseh Sherman, it's not only tall but is also more than 36 feet wide. Visitors flock to capture moments among these ancient giants, whose reddish-brown, fibrous bark and wide-reaching branches evoke a sense of living history.

奥克拉科克岛上的奥克拉科克灯塔，北卡罗来纳州，美国 Ocracoke Lighthouse on Ocracoke Island, North Carolina (© Chansak Joe/Getty Images)

海盗的最终归宿 A buccaneer's final haven

奥克拉科克岛上的奥克拉科克灯塔，北卡罗来纳州

欢迎来到北卡罗来纳州外滩的奥克拉科克岛。这是一个历史与自然交织的地方。这座只有乘坐渡轮或小型飞机才能到达的僻静小岛，拥有16英里长的人迹罕至的海滩和丰富的故事。从今天的图片中可以看到，奥克拉科克灯塔是一个引人注目的地标，它于2023年迎来了200周年纪念日，并成为了北卡罗来纳州最古老的、持续运行的灯塔。这座灯塔的灯光亮度与8000支蜡烛的亮度相当，在离岸14英里处都能看到。

奥克拉科克岛的历史充满了海盗的故事，其中包括声名狼藉的黑胡子：他是一名英国海盗，因在西印度群岛以及弗吉尼亚和卡罗莱纳海岸一带活动而臭名昭著。他在奥克拉科克岛度过了生命最后的大部分时光，直到1718年去世。岛上的居民讲一种融合了伊丽莎白时代的英语、爱尔兰语和苏格兰口音的独特方言，名叫“Hoi Toider”。不过，随着年轻一代采用更标准的美式英语，这种方言正在慢慢消失。尽管奥克拉科克岛的人口不多，但其历史、文化和自然美景使其成为各年龄段游客心驰神往的目的地。

Ocracoke Lighthouse on Ocracoke Island, North Carolina

Welcome to Ocracoke Island in the Outer Banks of North Carolina. This secluded island, with 16 miles of beaches, can only be reached by ferry or small plane. The Ocracoke Lighthouse, seen in today's image, stands out as a notable landmark. The lighthouse celebrated its 200th anniversary in 2023, making it the oldest continuously operating lighthouse in North Carolina. It boasts an 8,000-candlepower light, which can be seen up to 14 miles offshore.

Ocracoke Island's history is peppered with tales of pirates, including the infamous Blackbeard, an English pirate who was notorious for his operations in the West Indies and along the Virginia and Carolina coasts. He spent much of his final days on Ocracoke Island until his death in battle with British naval forces in 1718. The island's residents speak the unique 'Hoi Toider' dialect, a blend of Elizabethan English, Irish, and Scottish accents. However, this dialect is slowly fading as younger generations adopt more standard American English.

雷耶斯角国家海岸灯塔，加利福尼亚州，美国 Point Reyes National Seashore Lighthouse, California (© RMB Images/Photography by Robert Bowman/Getty Images)

自然与人类的天堂 A haven for nature and humans

雷耶斯角国家海岸灯塔，加利福尼亚州

欢迎来到雷耶斯角国家海岸，这里是天空与大地交汇的地方。这个令人惊叹的71,028英亩的海滨天堂位于马林县的雷耶斯角半岛上，是加利福尼亚海岸线上的一颗璀璨明珠，拥有令人惊叹的美景和种类繁多的野生动物。雷耶斯角遍布风景优美的小径，蜿蜒穿过茂密的森林和崎岖的悬崖，为游客提供了许多乐趣。

雷耶斯角被公认为太平洋沿岸风力最大的地方，也是北美第二多雾的地区，它有着迷人的历史背景。雷耶斯角灯塔建于1870年，以应对在波涛汹涌的沿海水域频繁发生的沉船事故。这座标志性地标作为重要的导航辅助设施使用了100多年，直到1975年才被自动照明取代。如今，灯塔仍然是雷耶斯角魅力的关键元素，是这里最受欢迎的景点。无论是观赏海象、徒步前往风景如画的雷耶斯角灯塔，还是仅仅沉浸在波涛滚滚的宁静美景中，每个人都能找到适合自己的地方。

Point Reyes National Seashore, California

This stunning 71,028-acre coastal haven on the Point Reyes Peninsula in Marin County is a gem of the California coastline. Filled with scenic trails that wind through forests and along cliffs, it boasts breathtaking views and lots of wildlife. Point Reyes National Seashore also has a reputation as the most wind-swept spot on the Pacific Coast and the second-foggiest area in North America, so dress accordingly.

The lighthouse was built in 1870 due to frequent shipwrecks in treacherous coastal waters. This iconic landmark served as a crucial navigation aid for more than 100 years before being replaced by an automated light in 1975. Today, the lighthouse remains a key element of Point Reyes' charm and continues to be a favorite attraction. Whether you're spotting elephant seals, hiking to the picturesque Point Reyes Lighthouse, or simply soaking in the serene beauty of the rolling waves, there's something for everyone.

迷人的水晶湖，高山湖泊，华盛顿州，美国 Crystal Lake in the Enchantments, Alpine Lakes Wilderness, Washington (© Mitch Pittman/Tandem Stills + Motion)

原始之美，人人共享 Unspoiled beauty for all

《荒野法》周年纪念日

有时候，逃离尘嚣也是一个不错的选择。多亏了环保主义者霍华德·扎尼泽，美国人才可以在该国众多的荒野之一中实现这一愿望。尽管创建国家森林公园等保护工作始于19世纪末，但到1960年代，原始的荒野面积已减少到仅占全国土地面积的2.5%。为了扭转这一趋势，扎尼泽起草了许多保护性条款，它们后来成为《荒野法》的大部分内容。该法案于1964年9月3日由林登·约翰逊总统签署成为法律，如今保护着超1.09亿英亩的土地——占美国土地的5%。

图中所示的水晶湖就位于这样一个保护区内。它坐落于华盛顿州的高山湖泊，这个“魔幻仙境”拥有700多个湖泊和池塘，以及美国西部一些最佳的攀岩地点。这里也是高山山羊、雷鸟、鼠兔以及多种高山花卉的家园。不过，如果您想亲眼目睹高山湖泊的风光，就得做好等待的准备。日间徒步旅行的许可证很少，去年参加过夜许可证抽签的40,000人中，只有2558人获得了许可证。

Wilderness Act anniversary

Sometimes it's nice to get away. Thanks to environmentalist Howard Zahniser, Americans can do that in one of the country's many wildernesses—sheltered from human activities. While the protection of national forests and parks began in the late 1800s, untamed wilderness had dwindled to only 2.5% of US land by the 1960s. To reverse this trend, Zahniser wrote most of what became the Wilderness Act. Signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson on September 3, 1964, today it protects more than 109 million acres—5% of the land in the US.

Pictured in today's image, Crystal Lake, in the Enchantments, Washington, is in one such protected area. Located in the Alpine Lakes Wilderness, the Enchantments region has more than 700 lakes and ponds and some of the best rock climbing in the Western US. It's also home to mountain goats, ptarmigan, pikas, and many alpine flowers. If you want to see Alpine Lakes Wilderness yourself, however, be prepared to wait. Few permits are granted for day hikes, and of the 40,000 people who entered last year's lottery for overnight permits, only 2,558 received one.

急流湖的日出，冰川国家公园，蒙大拿州，美国 Sunrise over Swiftcurrent Lake, Glacier National Park, Montana (© Jason Savage/Tandem Stills + Motion)

守护这片乐园 Preserving paradise

急流湖，冰川国家公园，蒙大拿州，美国

在美国国家公园管理局创始人日，与我们一起为美国的荒野而庆祝。今天，我们向具有创建国家公园管理局的远见和卓识的创始人致敬。伍德罗·威尔逊总统成立该组织的目的是保护野生动物、维护自然景观、保存历史文物并提供教育项目。在这一天，您可以游览美国429个国家公园中的其中一个，并参与到护林员主导的项目、志愿者活动和庆祝活动中，以便于了解更多与之相关的历史。

如果你在蒙大拿州，你可以探索始建于1910年的冰川国家公园。这个国家公园有700多个湖泊，两座山脉，以及生机盎然的广袤森林，并因此获得了“大陆之冠”的美誉。这里有25座冰川，是科学家监测气候变化的重要研究基地。这个公园占地约101.3万英亩，保护着灰熊、驼鹿、麋鹿和山羊等动物。冰川国家公园还有一条名为“通向太阳之路”的公路、超过700英里的小径，以及图中所示的急流湖那令人敬畏的景色。

National Park Service Founders Day

Join us as we celebrate the American wilderness on National Park Service Founders Day, celebrating the visionaries behind the NPS. This organization was established by President Woodrow Wilson on August 25, 1916, to conserve wildlife, natural landscapes, and historical artifacts. You can celebrate by visiting one of our national parks, monuments, or protected areas and learn more about their history.

If you're in Montana, you can explore Glacier National Park, established in 1910. Glacier has more than 700 lakes, two mountain ranges, and vast forests teeming with life, which earned it the moniker 'Crown of the Continent.' With its 25 glaciers, it is studied by scientists monitoring climate change. Spread across approximately 1,013,000 acres, the park protects animals such as grizzly bears, moose, elks, and mountain goats. It is also home to the Going-to-the-Sun Road, over 700 miles of trails, and the awe-inspiring vistas of Swiftcurrent Lake, seen in today's image.