标签 遗迹 下的文章

斯卡拉布雷的新石器时代遗迹, 奥克尼群岛, 苏格兰 The neolithic settlement of Skara Brae, Orkney, Scotland (© Paul Williams - FunkyStock/Getty Images)

挖掘过去 Digging into the past

斯卡拉布雷

说起节日，考古可能不是人们首先想到的，但7月13日至28日举办的英国考古节将改变这一现状。自1990年创办以来，英国考古节已发展成一个为期两周的活动。从9月到7月的巧妙转变让考古迷们更容易探索夏季挖掘工作和各种文物奇迹。今年的主题是“考古与社区”，邀请英国各地的考古爱好者参加由遗产组织、地方协会和热心人士组织的一系列现场和虚拟活动。想象一下，站在苏格兰奥克尼群岛斯卡拉布雷古老的石屋中（如图所示），这是5000多年前，新石器时代的定居者繁衍生息的地方。这座史前奇迹因1850年的一场暴风雨而暴露，因其惊人的保存能力而被誉为“苏格兰庞贝古城”，它比巨石阵甚至大金字塔还要古老。因此，拿起你的小铲子，准备深入挖掘传奇的历史故事吧。谁知道你会发现什么呢？

Skara Brae, Orkney, Scotland

Imagine standing amid Skara Brae's ancient stone houses on Scotland's Orkney archipelago, pictured here, where Neolithic settlers thrived over 5,000 years ago. Village life ended sometime around 2500 BCE and for centuries the homes were buried beneath sand and earth, until they were uncovered by a storm in 1850. This prehistoric marvel is sometimes dubbed the 'Scottish Pompeii' due to its astonishing preservation—older than Stonehenge and the Great Pyramids. It's part of the wider Heart of Neolithic Orkney UNESCO World Heritage Site, alongside other prehistoric survivors including the huge Ring of Brodgar stone circle. If digging up the past appeals, the Festival of British Archaeology is running July 13-28. So, grab your trowel and get ready to dig deep into the incredible, storied past. Who knows what you'll discover!

贾斯旺萨达陵墓和梅兰加尔古堡，焦特布尔，拉贾斯坦邦，印度 (© Twenty47studio/Getty images)

百年城堡

焦特布尔的梅兰加尔古堡

夕阳西下，印度拉贾斯坦邦的焦特布尔市沐浴在温暖的光芒中，一幅神奇的景象徐徐展开。坐落在岩石山顶上的梅兰加尔古堡矗立于这片景色中，这里曾是拉索尔王朝的权力中心，见证了荣耀和挑战。这座城堡始建于1459年，由当时的统治者拉奥·约达创建，至今已经有500多年的历史。

这座堡垒不仅是一处遗迹，更是拉贾斯坦邦的文化瑰宝。在这座城堡蜿蜒的深处，过去的秘密在一连串的宫殿中重现。从珍珠宫、镜宫、武器宫到花宫和藏宝阁，这些建筑瑰宝各有各的故事，是拉贾斯坦邦辉煌历史的篇章。再往前走，这里的博物馆展示了皇室专用的轿子、华丽的穹顶塔和乐器。

古罗马斗兽场，西班牙桑蒂蓬塞镇的罗马古城遗迹 The Roman amphitheater of Itálica near Santiponce, Spain (© Amazing Aerial Agency/Offset by Shutterstock)

Birthplace of Roman emperors

Just a few miles north of Seville, Spain, you'll find the ancient ruins of Itálica, the first Roman settlement in what is now Spain and the first Roman city outside of Italy. The city was founded in 206 BCE by the Roman general Scipio as a place to house veterans from the Second Punic Wars. Itálica was also the birthplace of at least two Roman emperors.

For centuries, Itálica was an elaborate urban center with a temple, a theater, public baths, gorgeous homes for the monied elite, and a population of about 8,000 residents. This aerial view is of the city's famous amphitheater, where thousands of spectators came from near and far to watch the bloody gladiator fights, hunts of wild beasts, and public executions. The 'entertainment' here was not for the faint of heart.

Today, the modern Spanish city of Santiponce has grown up around—and even atop—the ruins. Tourists come here to walk the preserved Roman streets, admire the mosaics, and imagine the scenes of life and death that happened in this amphitheater nearly 2,000 years ago.

罗马皇帝的出生地

在西班牙塞维利亚以北几英里的地方，你会发现古老的Itálica遗址，这是现在西班牙的第一个罗马定居点，也是意大利以外的第一个罗马城市。这座城市由罗马将军西皮奥于公元前206年建立，是第二次布匿战争退伍军人的住所。伊塔利卡也是至少两位罗马皇帝的出生地。

几个世纪以来，伊塔利卡一直是一个精心设计的城市中心，有寺庙、剧院、公共浴场、摩尼德精英的华丽家园，人口约8000人。这张鸟瞰图是该市著名的圆形剧场，数千名观众从四面八方赶来观看血腥的角斗士搏斗、野兽狩猎和公开处决。这里的“娱乐”不是为胆小鬼准备的。

今天，西班牙现代城市圣蒂蓬斯在废墟周围甚至在废墟上发展起来。游客们来到这里，是为了漫步保存完好的罗马街道，欣赏马赛克，想象2000年前发生在这个圆形剧场里的生死场景。