标签 城堡 下的文章
埃尔茨城堡,德国 Eltz Castle, Germany (© Allard Schager/Alamy)
埃尔茨城堡,德国 Eltz Castle, Germany (© Allard Schager/Alamy)
石头编织的童话 A fairy tale made of stone
埃尔茨城堡,德国
埃尔茨城堡位于艾菲尔地区的一个风景如画的山谷中,是德国最重要和保存最完好的城堡之一。自12世纪以来,埃尔茨城堡一直由埃尔茨家族拥有。这座城堡融合了不同的建筑风格,其中哥特式的骑士客厅和巴洛克式的盔甲工匠房尤为引人注目。特别值得一提的是藏宝室,里面收藏着德国最珍贵的中世纪艺术品。在这里,您可以看到价值连城的盔甲、艺术化设计的武器以及各种金银制品。
城堡周围是散步和远足的理想之地。行走在埃尔茨城堡的全景小径上,你可以欣赏到城堡和周围乡村的壮丽景色。历史和文化爱好者一定不要错过这座令人印象深刻的城堡。
迈索尼城堡,麦西尼亚州,希腊 Methoni Castle, Messenia, Greece (© Andrew Mayovskyy/Shutterstock)
迈索尼城堡,麦西尼亚州,希腊 Methoni Castle, Messenia, Greece (© Andrew Mayovskyy/Shutterstock)
历史的回响 Echoes of history
迈索尼城堡,麦西尼亚州,希腊
迈索尼城堡坐落在希腊南部爱奥尼亚海沿岸的岩石岬角上,是中世纪强权的象征。城堡位于麦西尼亚州一个名为迈索尼的村庄。13世纪初,威尼斯人修建了这座城堡,作为当时一个重要的贸易站和防御堡垒,它保护了西南海岸线免受入侵者的侵害。布尔齐塔是迈索尼城堡的延伸,它坐落在一个小岛上,曾通过一座石桥与主城堡相连。
从1499年至1500年的奥斯曼人到1828年的法国人,许多征服者都想夺取迈索尼的战略位置。在经历了历史的风风雨雨后,一些原始建筑仍然屹立不倒,比如城堡本身。如今,游客可以穿过士兵们曾经行军的大门,感受历史的回响。村庄的建筑风格受到了拜占庭、威尼斯和奥斯曼帝国的影响,融合了各种风格,无声地讲述着那段欧洲列强争霸的传奇历史。
Methoni Castle, Messenia, Greece
Perched on a rocky headland is Methoni Castle, a symbol of medieval might on the shores of the Ionian Sea. The fortress, on the Peloponnese peninsula in southern Greece, was built by the Venetians in the early 13th century as a trading post and defensive bastion, protecting the coastline from invaders. Its Bourtzi tower, an extension of the fortress standing on a small islet, was once connected to the main castle by a stone bridge.
Many conquerors, from the Ottomans in 1500 to the French in 1828, aimed to win Methoni's strategic position. Some original structures, like the castle itself, still stand, allowing visitors to walk through the same gates where soldiers once marched. The village's blend of architecture, with Byzantine, Venetian, and Ottoman influences, narrates a storied past where European powers battled for dominance.
德国中世纪城市罗滕堡 Medieval city of Rothenburg ob der Tauber, Germany (© kanuman/Getty Images)
德国中世纪城市罗滕堡 Medieval city of Rothenburg ob der Tauber, Germany (© kanuman/Getty Images)
高耸入云的历史建筑 Towering with history
罗滕堡,巴伐利亚州,德国
看到这张图,你的脑海中是否浮现出了“童话”这个词?欢迎来到陶伯河畔的罗滕堡,或称“陶伯河上的红色要塞”,这里每个鹅卵石铺就的角落都散发着中世纪的魅力。在中世纪,这座巴伐利亚州的城墙小镇曾是一座自治城市,拥有6000名居民,是当时神圣罗马帝国的第二大城市。17世纪,罗滕堡的发展速度有所放缓,但仍保留了其原有的特色。图为城堡大门,它是在1356年罗滕堡城堡被地震摧毁后修建的。城堡大门内有一扇“针眼”门,其设计目的是在夜间主门关闭时作为进出城堡的唯一通道。但罗滕堡的魔力并不仅限于城墙,从维尔茨堡到富森的浪漫之路全长290英里,覆盖了巴伐利亚城堡林立的山谷。回程时,可以去凯特·沃尔法特圣诞村,这里是节日爱好者的梦想之地。所以,城堡迷们,来一场中世纪的探险吧。
Rothenburg ob der Tauber, Bavaria, Germany
Welcome to Rothenburg ob der Tauber, or 'Red Fortress above the Tauber River,' where medieval charm is around every cobbled corner. A self-ruling city in the Middle Ages, this walled Bavarian town once flourished with 6,000 inhabitants, the Holy Roman Empire's second-largest city at the time. The growth of Rothenburg ob der Tauber slowed in the 17th century, preserving its original character.
Pictured here is the Burgtor (castle gate), which was built after the original Rothenburg Castle was destroyed by an earthquake in 1356. Within the castle gate is an 'eye-of-the-needle' door, designed to be the only way in and out once the main gates closed at night. But Rothenburg's magic isn't confined to its walls. It's also a gateway to the 290-mile Romantic Road that runs from Würzburg to Füssen, covering Bavaria's castle-studded valleys.
从康威河眺望康威城堡,威尔士 Conwy Castle looking over the River Conwy, Wales (© David Chapman/Alamy Stock Photo)
从康威河眺望康威城堡,威尔士 Conwy Castle looking over the River Conwy, Wales (© David Chapman/Alamy Stock Photo)
让我们扬帆起航! Rock the boat
康威河,威尔士
在康威河节上穿越时空,扬帆起航!这项活动于1993年首次在康威城堡下的康威码头举行,体现了威尔士航海传统的精髓。在码头日这一免费露天活动中,划船爱好者们可以尽情体验传统船只和现代船只进行友谊赛的乐趣。人们聚集在一起观看航海游行,品尝当地美食,如用茶、干果和香料调味的茶面包,以及由可食用海藻组成的海藻面包。
康威城堡建于1283年至1287年,由国王爱德华一世在征服威尔士时建造。这座城堡由被誉为欧洲中世纪最伟大的建筑师之一的圣乔治·詹姆斯设计,被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。下方的康威河全长34英里,其名称来源于威尔士语中的“cyn”(首领)和“gwy”(水)。康威城堡和这条河是对威尔士丰富而动荡的过去的永恒致敬。
Conwy, Wales
Welcome to walled town of Conwy, on the north coast of Wales, UK, and its spectacular medieval castle. Conwy Castle was built between 1283 and 1287 on the orders of English King Edward I, during his conquest of Wales. Designed by James of St. George, one of the greatest architects of the time, the castle is a UNESCO World Heritage Site which draws visitors from across the world.
The castle towers over the River Conwy, which this weekend hosts the annual Conwy River Festival, including boat races and other water-based events. Spectators gather to witness the nautical parade and enjoy local delicacies like bara brith, a tea bread flavored with tea, dried fruits, and spices, and laverbread made from edible seaweed. The name Conwy is from the Welsh words 'cyn' (chief) and 'gwy' (water) and the town sits at the mouth of the river. It is also the gateway to Eryri National Park, home to Wales's highest mountain Yr Wyddfa, or Snowdon in English.
香波城堡,中央-卢瓦尔河谷大区,法国 (© Susanne Kremer/eStock Photo)
香波城堡,中央-卢瓦尔河谷大区,法国 (© Susanne Kremer/eStock Photo)
介于文艺复兴与独创性之间
香波城堡,法国
你知道香波城堡吗?这个古建筑是法国文艺复兴时期的一颗“明珠”,其建筑灵感来源于法国国王弗朗西斯一世和著名画家达·芬奇。香波城堡的设计者是谁一直存在争议,至今没有定论,但可以确定的是,它的建筑特色受到了达·芬奇的影响。1515年马里尼亚诺战役后,弗朗西斯一世被意大利壮丽的建筑吸引,倾慕于达·芬奇的才华,他邀请达·芬奇来到法国宫廷担任艺术家和总工程师。香波城堡的中心平面设计和双螺旋楼梯见证了这一非凡的合作。主楼是这座建筑的真正核心,它融合了中世纪的宏伟与文艺复兴时期的创新,展示出了一种独特的引人注目的建筑风格。时光流转,这座古老的建筑见证着荣耀与兴衰,艺术、历史和技术在这里相遇,为游客们创造出一种难忘的体验。
姬路城,姫路,兵库县,日本 Himeji Castle, Himeji, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan (© Julian Elliott Photography/Getty Images)
姬路城,姫路,兵库县,日本 Himeji Castle, Himeji, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan (© Julian Elliott Photography/Getty Images)
皇家景观 A royal view
姬路城,兵库县,日本
从“草莓日”到“猫日”,甚至“蔬菜日”,日本有一系列“谐音节日”,这些节日都来源于駄洒落(一种用读音相同或相近的词汇来玩乐的日本文字游戏,与英语中的双关语类似)。今天的日期是4月6日,而日语中的“shiro”(城堡)这个词恰好是由“shi”(4)和“ro”(6)组成的。因此,这一天就成为了庆祝城堡的日子。还有什么比城堡日更好的机会来了解日本最大、游客最多的城堡——姬路城呢?它的历史可以追溯到1333年,是联合国教科文组织认定的世界遗产,拥有先进的防御设计和五个国宝级建筑。
Castle Day in Japan
From Strawberry Day to Cat Day and even Vegetable Day, Japan has a list of faux holidays, which are the clever results of 'dajare' or word plays. Today's date, April 6, makes up the Japanese word for castle, 'shiro' from 'shi' (4) and 'ro' (6). Hence, the celebration of castles. What better opportunity than Castle Day, to learn about the country's largest and most-visited castle, Himeji Castle? Dating back to 1333, this UNESCO World Heritage Site boasts an advanced defensive design and five National Treasure structures. The castle has also withstood time and nature's fury, surviving the bombings of World War II and the Great Hanshin earthquake in 1995. Nearly 700 years of glory, local legends, and ghost stories reverberate through the 83 rooms of this hilltop fortress. Would you care to explore?
班堡城堡,诺森伯兰郡,英格兰 Bamburgh Castle, Northumberland, England (© Blackbeck/Getty Images)
班堡城堡,诺森伯兰郡,英格兰 Bamburgh Castle, Northumberland, England (© Blackbeck/Getty Images)
随波逐流 Grow with the flow
班堡城堡,诺森伯兰郡,英格兰
班堡城堡坐落在英格兰诺森伯兰郡班堡地区,矗立在海岸旁边突出的黑色火山岩上。图中所展示的是班堡沙丘,班堡城堡和附近的海滩就掩映在该地区独特的沙质地貌中。班堡城堡曾经是盎格鲁-撒克逊人的战略要塞,经过几个世纪的演变,形成了如今这座宏伟的建筑。这座城堡在抵御维京人的入侵中曾发挥了关键作用。然而,北欧人摧毁了城堡最初的防御工事,之后在中世纪期间又对其进行了重大改造。城堡还是古代诺森伯兰王国的所在地,这是一个中世纪的盎格鲁-撒克逊王国,位于今天的英格兰北部和苏格兰东南部。班堡城堡面朝北海,被生机盎然的绿草所环绕,怀抱如此美景,班堡城堡成为了许多电影的取景地,比如《麦克白》、《夺宝奇兵:命运之盘》、《艾芬豪》等。
Bamburgh Castle, Northumberland, England
Bamburgh Castle perches on a crag of volcanic rock, overlooking sand dunes and the coast of Northumberland, England. The fortress, once a strategic Anglo-Saxon stronghold, evolved over centuries into the imposing structure seen today. The site was the seat of the ancient Northumbrian kingdom—an early medieval Anglo-Saxon kingdom covering present-day northern England and southeast Scotland. The original castle was destroyed by invading Vikings in 993 and a new castle was built here by the Normans. Today's castle is the result of various restorations in the 18th, 19th, and early 20th centuries. After surviving its share of attacks, Bamburgh Castle has made its way to the limelight due to its impressive silhouette against the North Sea, featuring in productions like 'Macbeth,' 'Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny,' and 'Ivanhoe.'
贾斯旺萨达陵墓和梅兰加尔古堡,焦特布尔,拉贾斯坦邦,印度 (© Twenty47studio/Getty images)
贾斯旺萨达陵墓和梅兰加尔古堡,焦特布尔,拉贾斯坦邦,印度 (© Twenty47studio/Getty images)
焦特布尔的梅兰加尔古堡
夕阳西下,印度拉贾斯坦邦的焦特布尔市沐浴在温暖的光芒中,一幅神奇的景象徐徐展开。坐落在岩石山顶上的梅兰加尔古堡矗立于这片景色中,这里曾是拉索尔王朝的权力中心,见证了荣耀和挑战。这座城堡始建于1459年,由当时的统治者拉奥·约达创建,至今已经有500多年的历史。
这座堡垒不仅是一处遗迹,更是拉贾斯坦邦的文化瑰宝。在这座城堡蜿蜒的深处,过去的秘密在一连串的宫殿中重现。从珍珠宫、镜宫、武器宫到花宫和藏宝阁,这些建筑瑰宝各有各的故事,是拉贾斯坦邦辉煌历史的篇章。再往前走,这里的博物馆展示了皇室专用的轿子、华丽的穹顶塔和乐器。
天鹅堡和旧天鹅堡,巴伐利亚阿尔卑斯山,德国 Neuschwanstein and Hohenschwangau Castles, Bavarian Alps, Germany (© Harald Nachtmann/Getty Images)
天鹅堡和旧天鹅堡,巴伐利亚阿尔卑斯山,德国 Neuschwanstein and Hohenschwangau Castles, Bavarian Alps, Germany (© Harald Nachtmann/Getty Images)
童话故事中的场景 Straight out of a fairy tale
新天鹅堡和旧天鹅堡,巴伐利亚,德国
巴伐利亚阿尔卑斯山是德国南部一座雄伟的山脉,拥有两座城堡:新天鹅堡和旧天鹅堡。新天鹅堡是19世纪由巴伐利亚国王路德维希二世委托建造的罗曼式复兴宫殿,以童话般的建筑、塔楼和令人叹为观止的山景而闻名。越过山谷,远眺阿尔卑斯湖,是同样壮观的旧天鹅堡,由路德维希二世的父亲,巴伐利亚国王马克西米连二世建造。这两座城堡拥有奢华的内部装饰、丰富的艺术品和历史文物,每年都有数百万游客前往,一窥巴伐利亚的辉煌历史。
Neuschwanstein and Hohenschwangau castles, Bavaria, Germany
The Bavarian Alps, a mountain range in southern Germany, are home to these enchanting 19th-century castles, Neuschwanstein and Hohenschwangau. Neuschwanstein Castle, on the left of our homepage image, was commissioned by King Ludwig II of Bavaria. Building work began in 1869 on this Romanesque Revival palace with its fairy-tale-like architecture and breathtaking mountain backdrop. Across the valley, gazing out over Lake Alpsee, is the equally spectacular Hohenschwangau Castle, built by Ludwig II's father, King Maximilian II of Bavaria. These two castles boast rich interiors with intricate artwork and historical artifacts. Both castles attract millions of visitors every year, offering a glimpse into the opulent past of Bavaria.
什未林湖上的什未林城堡,梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚州,德国 (© Hannes Wendt/Shutterstock)
什未林湖上的什未林城堡,梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚州,德国 (© Hannes Wendt/Shutterstock)
童话中的城堡
什未林城堡,什未林市,梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚州
与大多数的德国城堡一样,什未林城堡就像是从童话故事中走出来的。它最早的雏形可追溯至941年。研究表明,它是由西斯拉夫奥博特人部落建造的。这个部落生活在现在的梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚州和波兰,尤其是波罗的海的南部海岸。从12世纪起,该部落就被基督教化,并被德国和丹麦统治者进行政治整合。
说回城堡,16世纪,约翰·阿尔布雷希特一世公爵将什未林城堡扩建成一座宏伟的文艺复兴时期的府邸,这标志着中世纪建筑向现代建筑的过渡。到了19世纪,建筑师乔治·阿道夫·丹姆勒按照浪漫的新哥特式风格对城堡进行了重新设计,最终,这座城堡被修建成我们今天所看到的样子。
几个世纪以来,什未林城堡一直是梅克伦堡-什未林大公的府邸,后来成为艺术和文化中心。此外,城堡里还有一些令人印象深刻的艺术藏品。若有机会,你可以去参观一下什未林州立博物馆,从内部欣赏这座宏伟的城堡。