标签英国下的文章

戈德雷维灯塔，英国康沃尔郡 (© Paul Nash/Shutterstock)

到灯塔去！

戈德雷维灯塔，康沃尔郡

戈德雷维灯塔坐落在美丽的康沃尔郡圣艾夫斯湾的戈德雷维岛上，它是一座白色八角塔，建于19世纪50年代末，高86英尺（26 米），由铺有砂浆的碎石制成。它几乎位于岛的中心，最初为饲养员提供小屋，而后用来保护船只免受危险暗礁的侵袭。1995年，灯塔被进行了一次现代化的改造，改用太阳能供电。2012年，英国领港公会（Trinity House）停止使用塔内的灯，取而代之的是安装在靠近岩石的钢制平台上的LED灯。

蒙茅斯海滩的菊石路面，英国多塞特侏罗纪海岸世界遗产地 Ammonite Pavement at Monmouth Beach, Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site, Dorset, England (© AWL Images/Danita Delimont)

回到过去 Stepping back in time

侏罗纪海岸世界遗产地，英格兰

回溯1.99亿年，前往英国多塞特的侏罗纪海岸世界遗产地。这幅令人惊叹的化石展示图被称为“氨岩路面”，数千块化石被埋藏在蒙茅斯海滩西端的石灰岩岩架中。虽然菊石看起来很像蜗牛壳，但它们是已灭绝海洋生物的化石，与当今的章鱼或鱿鱼关系更为密切。英国自然历史博物馆（British’s Natural History Museum）指出，由于菊石的数量和大小，这个充满化石的岩架在世界上是独一无二的：化石直径高达27英寸。如果你想看看，时间就是低潮时岩壁出现的一切，附近的大岩石中也有更多的菊石。

今天是国家化石日，在这一天，我们庆祝着这个迷人的灭绝动植物世界。这并非巧合，它发生在地球科学周期间：我们可以从这个可见、可触摸的过去遗产中更多地了解我们的星球和所有生物。

Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site, England

Travel back 199 million years with a trip to the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site in Dorset, England. This stunning fossil display is known as the Ammonite Pavement, and thousands of these fossils are embedded in a limestone ledge at the west end of Monmouth Beach. Although the ammonites look rather like snail shells, these are fossils of extinct sea creatures that are more closely related to today's octopus or squid. Britain's Natural History Museum notes that the fossil-filled ledge is unique in the world because of the sheer number and size of the ammonites: The fossils reach up to 27 inches in diameter. If you want to check them out, timing is everything—the ledge emerges at low tide, and there are more ammonites in large rocks nearby, too.

Today is National Fossil Day, when we celebrate the fascinating world of extinct creatures and plants. It's no coincidence that it falls during Earth Science Week: We can learn more about our planet and all living things from this visible, touchable legacy of our past.

布莱克浦塔和中央码头，英国兰开夏郡 (© Bailey-Cooper Photography/Alamy)

布莱克浦的灯光太棒了

康沃尔郡的彭赞斯，英国 Penzance in Cornwall, England (© Murray Bosley Photography/Getty Images)

彭赞斯全景 Panoramic Penzance

Penzance

This bustling coastal town is Penzance in Cornwall, on England’s southwest coast, forever linked with pirates thanks to Gilbert and Sullivan’s famous comic opera. These days, visitors are more likely to be tourists attracted by the wide sandy beaches, rocky cliffs, and hidden coves once frequented by smugglers and wreckers. Jutting out from the seafront in our homepage photo is the UK’s largest seawater lido, the Jubilee Pool, which has been welcoming bathers since 1935. This triangular Art Deco pool offers a chilly dip for the brave, but for those who like it warmer, a separate saltwater pool is heated to a balmy 35C by pumping heat from a geothermal well 1,345ft (410m) below ground level.

Penzance sits just across Mount’s Bay from the tidal island of St Michael’s Mount, with its historic castle and chapel, linked to the mainland by a causeway that disappears at high tide. If you want a break from the beach, there’s plenty of history to explore here. The town’s name comes from “Pen Sans” in Cornish, meaning holy headland – early Christians established a chapel here over 1,000 years ago. It has been a commercial center since the 1600s and boomed thanks to the maritime trade of the 18th and 19th centuries and, since the 1860s, the Great Western Railway link to London. Ruins of old tin and copper mines dot the coastline, part of a wider Unesco World Heritage Site celebrating the mining landscape across Cornwall and neighboring West Devon.

But if you find you’ve eaten your fill of Cornish pasties in this tourist hotspot, you can always hop on a ferry from Penzance to explore the Isles of Scilly, the remote archipelago which sits 28 miles off Cornwall’s coast.

彭赞斯

这个熙熙攘攘的海滨小镇是英格兰西南海岸康沃尔郡的彭赞斯，由于吉尔伯特和沙利文著名的喜剧歌剧，它永远与海盗联系在一起。如今，游客更可能是被宽阔的沙滩、岩石峭壁和隐蔽的海湾所吸引的游客，这些海湾曾经是走私者和破坏者经常光顾的地方。在我们的主页照片中，从海滨突出的是英国最大的海水丽都，朱比利泳池，自1935年以来一直欢迎游泳者。这个三角形的装饰艺术泳池为勇敢者提供了一个寒冷的游泳池，但对于那些喜欢温暖的人来说，一个单独的盐水池通过从地下1345英尺（410米）的地热井中抽取热量加热到35摄氏度。

彭赞斯坐落在圣米歇尔山潮汐岛的山湾对面，其历史悠久的城堡和教堂通过一条在涨潮时消失的堤道与大陆相连。如果你想从海滩上休息一下，这里有大量的历史可供探索。该镇的名字来源于康沃尔语中的“Pen Sans”，意思是神圣的岬角——1000多年前，早期基督徒在这里建立了一座小教堂。自17世纪以来，它一直是一个商业中心，由于18世纪和19世纪的海上贸易以及19世纪60年代以来连接伦敦的大西部铁路而繁荣起来。旧锡矿和铜矿的废墟点缀着海岸线，这是一个更大的联合国教科文组织世界遗产地的一部分，庆祝康沃尔郡和邻近的西德文郡的采矿景观。

但是，如果你在这个旅游热点吃得饱饱的，你可以从彭赞斯乘渡轮去探索西利岛，这是一个距离康沃尔海岸28英里的偏远群岛。

伯里圣埃德蒙兹镇的修道院公园，英国萨福克郡 Abbey Gardens in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, England (© Charles Martinez/Amazing Aerial Agency)

绝妙的对称性 Stunning symmetry

Abbey Gardens in Bury St Edmunds, England

Abbey Gardens in Bury St Edmunds comprise a living, vibrant park, and just not because of their 14 acres of colorful displays and ornate flowerbeds—they have changed with the times, all while still jealously guarding their history. The site here in the county of Suffolk, in eastern England, was originally home to a powerful Benedictine Abbey in medieval times—in fact, 2022 marks the 1000th anniversary of the storied abbey. You can still visit the abbey ruins and marvel at the 14th-century Great Gate and Norman Tower, which have survived through the ages. Nathaniel Hodson took the original Abbey Gardens and designed them as a botanic garden in 1831, using the Royal Botanic Gardens in Brussels, with its concentric circles, as his inspiration.

A century later, the people of Bury St Edmunds saw the popular park's circular beds replaced by 64 island beds in honor of George VI's coronation, which they celebrated in 1937, all set off by specially designed illuminations. A water garden and rose garden added more dimensions to the park, followed by an herb garden (the monks of yesteryear would be happy) and a sensory garden for the visually impaired. Today, gardeners plant about 20,000 plants in the spring to dazzle summer visitors, and then they do the same with 12,000 plants and 20,000 bulbs each fall in anticipation of a colorful display the next spring.

英国伯里圣埃德蒙修道院花园

伯里圣埃德蒙的修道院花园是一个充满活力的公园，但这并不是因为它们14英亩的彩色展示和华丽的花坛，它们随着时代的变化而变化，同时仍在嫉妒地守护着它们的历史。该遗址位于英格兰东部萨福克郡，中世纪时曾是一座强大的本笃会修道院的所在地。事实上，2022年是这座历史悠久的修道院的1000周年纪念日。你仍然可以参观修道院遗址，并惊叹于14世纪的大门和诺曼塔，它们历久弥新。1831年，纳撒尼尔·霍德森（Nathaniel Hodson）以布鲁塞尔皇家植物园（Royal botanic Gardens）及其同心圆为灵感，将修道院最初的花园设计为植物园。

一个世纪后，伯里圣埃德蒙兹的人们看到了受欢迎的公园的圆形床被64张岛屿床所取代，以纪念乔治六世的加冕典礼，他们在1937年庆祝了加冕典礼，所有这些都由专门设计的照明装置所衬托。一个水上花园和玫瑰园为公园增加了更多的空间，接着是一个草本花园（去年的僧侣们会很高兴）和一个视觉障碍者的感官花园。如今，园丁们在春季种植了约20000株植物，以吸引夏季游客的眼球，然后他们每年秋天都会种植12000株植物和20000株鳞茎植物，以期待来年春天的多彩展示。

巨人堤道上的玄武岩柱，英国北爱尔兰 Basalt columns of Giant's Causeway, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom (© Olimpio Fantuz/eStock Photo)

巨石中的巨石 Rocks rock!

International Rock Day

Today is International Rock Day and we're giving due respect to these geological wonders. It might seem odd to sing the praises of rock, but think about it. Rocks have been with humankind since the beginning. From tools to housing to weapons, they've been key to our survival. A period of our history was so reliant on rocks that it will be forever known as the Stone Age. We would not be where we are today without the many minerals found on our planet, so rock on!

To celebrate, we're going to focus on one marvelous rock in particular: basalt, the most abundant volcanic rock on Earth. Here at the Giant's Causeway in Northern Ireland, there are roughly 40,000 interlocking hexagonal columns of basalt formed after an ancient eruption. According to one Gaelic legend, however, this was built as a battleground for two giants, Ireland's Finn MacCool and Scotland's Benandonner. Another legend suggests MacCool built the causeway to cross the North Channel to meet a Scottish lover.

Revered as one of the United Kingdom's greatest natural wonders, the Giant's Causeway is one of the most popular tourist spots in Northern Ireland. If you can't make the journey, thanks to the way basalt naturally forms these polygonal columns, you could find some to construct a walkway of cobblestones to battle your own giants. At the very least, you'd have a sturdy rock that lasts the test of time.

国际岩石日

今天是国际岩石日，我们对这些地质奇观给予应有的尊重。歌颂摇滚乐似乎有些奇怪，但想想看。岩石从一开始就与人类同在。从工具到住房再到武器，它们一直是我们生存的关键。我们的历史中有一段时期是如此依赖岩石，以至于它将永远被称为石器时代。如果没有在我们的星球上发现的许多矿物质，我们就不会达到今天的水平，所以继续前进吧！

为了庆祝，我们将特别关注一种神奇的岩石：玄武岩，地球上最丰富的火山岩。在北爱尔兰的巨人堤道上，大约有40000个联锁的六角玄武岩柱，它们是在古代火山爆发后形成的。然而，根据盖尔人的一个传说，这里是两个巨人的战场，爱尔兰的芬恩·麦克库和苏格兰的贝南多纳。另一个传说是，麦考尔建造这条堤道是为了穿过北海峡去见一位苏格兰情人。

巨人堤被誉为英国最伟大的自然奇观之一，是北爱尔兰最受欢迎的旅游景点之一。如果你不能完成旅程，多亏了玄武岩自然形成这些多边形柱的方式，你可以找到一些用鹅卵石建造的走道来对抗你自己的巨人。至少，你会有一块坚固的石头，经得起时间的考验。

白金汉宫, 英国伦敦 Buckingham Palace in London, England (© Pajor Pawel/Shutterstock)

白金禧年庆典 Platinum Jubilee celebrations

Buckingham Palace in London

Any royal watcher will tell you that the Brits know how to throw a good party. For Queen Elizabeth II's platinum jubilee—she's been monarch for an amazing 70 years—a slew of events are planned, hitting all the notes from pomp and ceremony to picnics on the village green. Of course, the Trooping of the Colour will take center stage today as the official birthday parade, with 1,400 soldiers in full military regalia, 200 horses, and 400 military band musicians. The royal family will watch the parade and then turn their gaze to the skies as the Royal Air Force flies past. The rest of the jubilee week will include a service of Thanksgiving at St. Paul's Cathedral in London, a live concert here at Buckingham Palace, and a special pageant featuring people from throughout Britain.

Locally, beacons will be lighted the length of the land, and we can't deny that we're excited about a nationwide baking contest to discover a new dessert fit for the queen. Another delicious way to celebrate the jubilee is with the Big Lunch. The idea took off in 2009 and is now a beloved annual tradition. Communities get together to celebrate and enjoy themselves, sharing food and friendship in gatherings large and small. The lunch can be a neighborhood barbecue or a street party—or even an impromptu wine-and-cheese affair, with people sitting on folding chairs in someone's driveway. While no one really needs an excuse to show their national pride, a platinum jubilee is quite a remarkable reason to celebrate.

伦敦白金汉宫

任何一位皇家观察家都会告诉你，英国人知道如何举办一个好的派对。伊丽莎白女王二世（Queen Elizabeth II）的白金周年纪念日，她担任国王长达70年之久，计划举办一系列活动，从盛大的仪式到乡村绿地上的野餐，无不引人注目。当然，今天的官方生日阅兵式将以彩色骑兵为中心，1400名士兵身着华丽的军装，200匹马，400名军乐团音乐家。王室将观看阅兵式，然后在皇家空军飞过时将目光投向天空。庆祝周的其余时间将包括在伦敦圣保罗大教堂举行的感恩节仪式、在白金汉宫举行的现场音乐会，以及由来自英国各地的人们参加的特别盛会。

在当地，灯塔将照亮整个土地，我们不能否认，我们对全国范围的烘焙比赛感到兴奋，以发现适合女王的新甜点。庆祝禧年的另一种美味方式是丰盛的午餐。这个想法在2009年开始流行，现在已成为备受喜爱的年度传统。社区聚在一起庆祝和享受，在大大小小的聚会中分享食物和友谊。午餐可以是邻居的烧烤或街头派对，甚至是即兴的葡萄酒和奶酪聚会，人们坐在某人车道上的折叠椅上。虽然没有人真的需要一个借口来表达他们的民族自豪感，但白金禧年是值得庆祝的一个非凡理由。

映湖之美

吟游诗人的安息之地 Resting place of the Bard

World Poetry Day

'How like a winter hath my absence been / From thee, the pleasure of the fleeting year! / What freezings have I felt, what dark days seen! / What old December's bareness everywhere!'

So begins William Shakespeare's chilly Sonnet 97. Today we celebrate World Poetry Day with a wintry look at the final resting spot of Shakespeare: Holy Trinity Church in Stratford-upon-Avon. Though he was better known for his plays, the Bard of Avon began his literary life as a poet, penning 154 sonnets in total. The first 126 are addressed to a 'fair youth,' the final 28 to a mistress known as the 'Dark Lady.'

UNESCO created World Poetry Day with the aim of 'supporting linguistic diversity through poetic expression and increasing the opportunity for endangered languages to be heard.' The day was long celebrated on October 15 to honor Roman poet laureate Virgil on his birthday, and many countries continue to mark the occasion on that day. There's never a bad day to indulge in the poetry of Dickinson, Neruda, Angelou, or whoever's writing stirs your heart.

世界诗歌日

“我离开你多像一个冬天啊，转瞬即逝的一年的快乐！”我感觉到了什么自由，看到了什么黑暗的日子！/多么古老的十二月啊

威廉·莎士比亚的《寒酸的十四行诗97》就是这样开始的。今天，我们用冬日的眼光来庆祝世界诗歌日，看看莎士比亚的最后安息之地：雅芳河畔斯特拉福德的圣三一教堂。虽然他以戏剧闻名，但这位雅芳诗人以诗人的身份开始了他的文学生涯，共创作了154首十四行诗。前126张是写给“美丽的年轻人”的，最后28张是写给被称为“黑娘子”的情妇的

联合国教科文组织设立了世界诗歌日，目的是“通过诗歌表达支持语言多样性，增加濒危语言被听到的机会”这一天一直是在10月15日庆祝罗马桂冠诗人维吉尔的生日，许多国家在这一天继续纪念这一天。沉迷于狄金森、聂鲁达、安杰洛的诗歌，或是任何一位让你心潮澎湃的人的诗歌，从来都不是一个糟糕的日子。

天空中的圆周率...... It's just pi in the sky...

Pi Day

Did Neolithic humans build this structure to celebrate Pi Day? Not likely. Pi Day is a relatively recent phenomenon—invented by a physicist in 1988 and designated by Congress a national holiday in 2009. But it's already almost certainly the most popular holiday celebrating a mathematical constant. While Pi Day is a young tradition, the number π (pi) itself has been a fascination since antiquity, when it was first calculated as the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter.

You probably know that March 14 was chosen for Pi Day since the date expressed numerically (in month/date format) matches the number's first digits, 3.14. Aside from eating pie to celebrate, some people go to great lengths to memorize digits that go way beyond 3.141592…, which earns them bragging rights in some, um, circles. The world record is a staggering 70,000 digits after the decimal point—the remarkable feat was achieved by 21-year-old student Rajveer Meena in 2015.

Take a moment from your Pi Day revelry to appreciate the unintentional π symbol formed by this Neolithic burial chamber in Cornwall, England. As the morning sun warms Lanyon Quoit's ancient stones, it's impossible not to wonder who built it and how, since it predates metal tools and is older than Egypt's pyramids. Theories abound, of course, but could π have been involved?

圓周率日

新石器时代的人类建造这个建筑是为了庆祝圆周率日吗？不太可能。圆周率日是一个相对较新的现象，由物理学家在1988年发明，并在2009年被国会指定为全国性节日。但几乎可以肯定，这已经是庆祝数学常数最受欢迎的节日。虽然圆周率日是一个年轻的传统，但从远古时代开始，圆周率（Pi）本身就一直是一个令人着迷的数字，当时它最初被计算为圆的周长与直径之比。

你可能知道，3月14日被选为圆周率日，因为数字表示的日期（月/日格式）与数字的第一位数字3.14匹配。除了吃馅饼庆祝外，有些人会不遗余力地记住远远超过3.141592的数字，这让他们在一些圈子里大肆吹嘘。这项世界纪录在小数点后达到了令人震惊的70000位。这项了不起的壮举是由21岁的学生拉杰维尔·米娜在2015年创造的。

从你的π日狂欢中抽出一点时间，欣赏一下英格兰康沃尔新石器时代墓室无意中形成的π符号。当早晨的阳光温暖着拉尼恩·库伊特的古老石头时，我们不可能不去想它是谁建造的，是如何建造的，因为它比金属工具更早，比埃及的金字塔还要古老。当然，各种理论比比皆是，但π是否也会参与其中呢？

星空迷