标签城堡下的文章

桑佩伦山上的菲泽尔城堡，匈牙利 Füzér Castle in the Zemplén Mountains, Hungary (© ZGPhotography/Alamy)

这片迷雾密布的树林里潜藏着什么? What lurks in these misty woods?

桑佩伦山上的菲泽尔城堡，匈牙利

匈牙利是一个历史悠久、风景迷人的国家，也是一个拥有众多城堡的宝库。从布达佩斯那拥有富丽堂皇的建筑并可以俯瞰多瑙河美景的布达城堡，到因成功抵御近四万土耳其大军而闻名的埃格尔城堡，每座城堡都讲述着各自关于战争、皇室和文化演变的故事。

位于在桑佩伦山脉顶端的菲泽尔城堡就是其中之一，其历史可以追溯至13世纪。菲泽尔城堡坐落在海拔约1800英尺的火山之上，在历史上也占有一席之地。1526年，匈牙利王室的拥护者彼得·佩瑞尼在摩哈赤战役后曾在这座古老的石墙内避难。沦为废墟多年之后，小教堂于2016年得到修复，城堡的下半部分也已重建，可谓恢复不少昔日荣光。而游客中心开设的展览，在讲述城堡历史的同时也向人们展示了整个村庄丰富的自然和文化遗产。

Füzér Castle in the Zemplén Mountains, Hungary

Hungary is a country blessed with stunning landscapes and a host of historic castles. From the opulent Buda Castle in Budapest, with its commanding views of the Danube, to Eger Castle, renowned for its heroic defense against the Turks, each site has a story to tell.

Our homepage image shows one such stronghold, Füzér Castle, which crowns the Zemplén Mountains near Hungary's northern border and dates back to the 13th century. Perched at an elevation of over 1,800 feet above sea level, this castle stands on a mountain of volcanic origin. Here, within its ancient stone walls, the crown of Hungary was hidden following the country's defeat by the Ottoman Empire in the 1526 Battle of Mohács. After years of ruin, the castle's chapel was restored in 2016, and the keep was rebuilt to its former glory.

洛夫里耶纳克堡，西港，杜布罗夫尼克，克罗地亚 Fort Lovrijenac, West Harbor, Dubrovnik, Croatia (© Benny Marty/Shutterstock)

小心龙出没！ Watch out for dragons!

杜布罗夫尼克，克罗地亚

来到克罗地亚的杜布罗夫尼克，你可能会本能地警惕入侵的舰队或空中的巨龙，不过放心，你更有可能遇到的是游客，而不是兰尼斯特家族。美剧《权力的游戏》经常在这里取景拍摄，因为杜布罗夫尼克老城是世界上保存最完好的中世纪城市之一。历史上，杜布罗夫尼克曾以“拉古萨共和国”的身份蓬勃发展了数百年，通过灵活的外交和强大的航海贸易保持独立。这颗“亚得里亚海的明珠”也经历过炮火和大地震，但重建后的城市依然充满生机。古城墙、教堂、博物馆和艺术等文化遗产都是吸引游客前往杜布罗夫尼克的原因，最近的一份报告显示，2019年，杜布罗夫尼克平均每位居民接待了36名游客。

Dubrovnik, Croatia

Though you might instinctively watch out for invading fleets or dragons overhead, you're more likely to encounter a tourist than a Lannister in the Croatian city of Dubrovnik. As you may know, 'Game of Thrones' filmed here frequently throughout the run of the show, and you can scarcely blame them; Dubrovnik's Old Town is one of the best-preserved medieval cities in the world. For centuries it flourished as the Republic of Ragusa, maintaining independence through diplomacy and robust trade networks. This 'Pearl of the Adriatic' has withstood military bombardments and devastating earthquakes, yet the city has always rebuilt and persevered. While pop culture, history, and UNESCO World Heritage Site status are all big draws, they might be too effective: A recent report estimated that in 2019 there were 36 tourists for every resident.

乌特湖的克拉夫特城堡，卡文郡，爱尔兰 Cloughoughter Castle in Lough Oughter, County Cavan, Ireland (© 4H4 PH/Shutterstock)

古老的中世纪奇迹 A time-worn medieval marvel

克拉夫特城堡，卡文郡，爱尔兰

克拉夫特城堡位于爱尔兰卡文郡，坐落在一个湖中小岛上。据说，这座城堡起初是由盎格鲁-诺曼人在13世纪初建造的。城堡的圆柱形结构美观且实用，既能控制水道，又能为周围区域提供防御。在接下来的几个世纪里，这座城堡和周围的土地几经易主，直到1653年被炸毁遗弃，只剩断壁残垣。克拉夫特城堡是爱尔兰中世纪遗产的象征，对于历史爱好者和城堡爱好者来说是必看之地。

Cloughoughter Castle, County Cavan, Ireland

Cloughoughter Castle sits on a small island in the middle of Lough Oughter, a huge complex of lakes and waterways in County Cavan in Ireland. Its first stones are thought to have been laid in the early 13th century by the Anglo-Norman de Lacy family, but the O'Reilly clan took possession of the area in 1233 and completed the castle's construction. They retained control of Cloughoughter Castle for centuries, but by 1653, it had been bombed and abandoned. Since then, it has been in ruins, resplendent in a sort of tattered grandeur. It can only be visited by boat but, as a symbol of Ireland's medieval heritage, it is a must-see for history and castle enthusiasts alike.

从意大利圣天使城堡俯瞰罗马 (© sborisov/Getty Images)

超凡脱俗的风景

罗马，意大利

今天的照片是从圣天使堡（又称哈德良陵墓）拍下的罗马美景。圣天使堡是由罗马帝国皇帝哈德良所修建，用作自己和后代的陵墓。除他之外，还有许多皇帝被葬在这里，公元217年的卡拉卡拉是最后一位。

从中世纪到19世纪，这座建筑被改造成了保卫罗马的堡垒，梵蒂冈也因此没有落入西哥特人和汪达尔人手中。1365年左右，圣天使堡成为了教会的财产。而在意大利统一后，这座建筑最终成为了博物馆，教会也就随之失去了它的所有权。

即使在今天，这座雄伟的建筑仍然吸引着数百万来自世界各地的游客，一直是罗马游客最多的博物馆之一。

维朗德里城堡及花园，卢瓦尔河谷，法国 Château de Villandry and its garden, Loire Valley, France (© VLADJ55/Shutterstock)

奢华的迷宫 A labyrinth of luxury

维朗德里城堡，法国

法国的维朗德里城堡以其精美绝伦的花园出名。它的花园也被认为是一个文艺复兴时期园林设计的典范。花园被细分成了不同的区域，有着几何纹路、生机盎然的花床、静谧的水景和精心修建的树篱。每个区域都有其主题，有的有装饰性，有的有实用性，缤纷的色彩和纹路相交织，美不胜收。城堡的花园体现了建筑设计和自然的和谐关系，其美景和艺术创造力使游客为之着迷。

Château de Villandry, France

The Château de Villandry in France is renowned for its exquisite gardens that are considered a masterpiece of Renaissance horticulture. The gardens, which are divided into sections, feature geometric patterns, vibrant flowerbeds, serene water elements, and meticulously trimmed hedges. Each section has its own theme, ranging from ornamental to practical, and is bursting with a stunning blend of colors and textures. The château's gardens showcase the harmonious relationship between architecture and nature. Stunning gardens have surrounded the château since it was built in 1532, but their appearance changed drastically over the centuries. After Joachim Carvallo acquired the estate, he spent 10 years from 1918 reinventing and restoring the Renaissance formal gardens. Other elements have been added in the decades since and the gardens continue to captivate visitors to this day.

科孚岛旧城堡 The Old Fortress of Corfu, Greece (© Netfalls Remy Musser/Shutterstock)

历史在这里复活 Where history comes alive

旧城堡，科孚岛，希腊

希腊科孚岛的旧城堡矗立在半岛的尖端，现在是科孚公共图书馆和档案馆的所在地。这座城堡历史悠久，可以追溯到拜占庭时期。6世纪，入侵者袭击了科孚，促使幸存者建造了一个被城堡包围的新村庄。后来在威尼斯统治期间，城堡又经历了加固改建，以抵御奥斯曼军队的侵扰。数个世纪以来，这座希腊地标见证了当地的巨大变化以及几个帝国的兴衰。

Old Fortress, Corfu, Greece

This imposing structure is the Old Fortress on the Greek island of Corfu, off the western coasts of Greece and Albania. Situated in a strategic location between the Ionian and Adriatic seas, Corfu became one of the most fortified places in Europe amid successive sieges by the Ottoman Empire. The island was ruled by the Republic of Venice for 400 years until the late 18th century, which built forts in Corfu's Old Town to defend its maritime trading interests. They held off three Ottoman sieges in 1537, 1571, and 1716 but have been repaired, rebuilt, and added to over the centuries. The Old Fortress has witnessed the rise and fall of mighty empires for hundreds of years, from the tip of a rocky peninsula jutting into the sea. These days, however, it is home to the public library and Corfu's archives.

从纳哈加尔城堡鸟瞰斋浦尔，印度 (© Sean3810/iStock/Getty Images Plus)

宏伟的堡垒和宫殿

纳哈加尔城堡，拉贾斯坦邦，印度

纳哈加尔堡矗立于阿拉瓦利山脉的一座山脊上，为斋浦尔增添了一道雄伟而壮丽的背景。它始建于1734年，又于1868年经历了扩建。纳哈加尔，意为老虎的住所，如同强大的壁垒，保卫斋浦尔抵御敌人的攻击。

城堡内有印度王室成员的夏季度假宫殿，包含12间为王后准备的会客室，还有给国王准备的套房，这些房间通过走廊相连，走廊上装饰着精美壁画。如今，这里是非常受当地人欢迎的野餐目的地。夜间，这座堡垒在泛光灯的照耀下光彩夺目，与斋浦尔这座粉红之城交相辉映。

纪念硬币上的著名建筑 Famous on commemorative coins

霍尔斯滕门，吕贝克，德国

霍尔斯滕门是一座城门，标志着汉萨同盟城市吕贝克旧中心的西部边界。
砖砌哥特式建筑建于1464年，是吕贝克中世纪城市防御工事的遗迹之一，也是现存的两座城门之一，另一座是城堡门 (Burgtor)。
它以其两个圆形的塔楼和拱形入口而闻名，今天被视为这座城市的象征。

1950年，Holsten Gate 再次成为博物馆，这次是为了展示市政历史。展示了历史悠久的吕贝克遗物，以模型和图片展示了中世纪吕贝克的发展，展示了汉萨同盟舰船模型和旗舰“吕贝克之鹰”。

Holsten Gate, Lübeck, Germany

The Holsten Gate is a city gate marking off the western boundary of the old center of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck. Built-in 1464, the Brick Gothic construction is one of the relics of Lübeck's medieval city fortifications and one of two remaining city gates, the other being the Citadel Gate (Burgtor). Known for its two-round towers and arched entrance, it is regarded today as a symbol of the city.

In 1950 the Holsten Gate was again a museum, this time for municipal history. Relics from historic Lübeck were presented, the development of medieval Lübeck was shown by using models and pictures, and models of the ships of the Hanseatic League and the flagship "Eagle of Lübeck" were exhibited.

湖滨城堡

艾琳多南堡，苏格兰

艾琳多南堡坐落在苏格兰三个湖泊的交汇处，其宁静的表面下，是数个世纪的风云动荡。维京人、封建贵族和起义军来来去去，在这个苏格兰西部高地的湖滨城堡里留下了他们的足迹。

艾琳多南城堡始建于13世纪，用来防御维京人。后来，艾琳多南城堡经历了至少四次重建。中世纪时，这座城堡大部分时间都处于麦肯齐家族及其盟友马克雷家族的掌控下。1719年詹姆斯党人叛乱期间，艾琳多南城堡被英国皇家海军的炮弹摧毁，荒废了200年。

艾琳多南城堡位于杜伊奇湖、朗湖和阿尔什湖的交汇处。1911年，陆军中校约翰·麦克雷-吉尔斯特拉普买下它，用了20多年的时间重建城堡，并于1932年对外开放。重建时，城堡还新增了一座石桥，跨湖连接陆地，让城堡变得更加实用、美观和现代。现在，艾琳多南堡已成为苏格兰高地最受欢迎的景点之一，它的形象经常出现在包装和广告上。

冬天的乐趣 Good cold fun

魁北克冬季嘉年华

在2月大斋节之前，世界各地会举办庆祝活动，其中广为人知的活动大多位于气候温暖的城市，如里约热内卢和新奥尔良，在圣灰星期三（大斋节首日）之前，狂欢者们会穿着精美的服装狂欢。而魁北克冬季嘉年华则截然不同，正如我们今天的照片展示的那样，这里的庆祝活动充满冬日氛围，有冰雕、雪橇比赛等等冬天才有的特色活动。如今，魁北克的冬季嘉年华已经成为整个西半球规模最大的冬季节日。

Quebec City, Quebec, Canada

Among all the pre-Lenten celebrations that take place around the world in February, the most famous are associated with warm-weather cities like Rio and New Orleans, where revelers party it up in elaborate costumes during the run-up to Ash Wednesday. It's a different affair in Quebec City, pictured here, where participants in the Quebec Winter Carnival enjoy all things winter, from snow sculptures to sleigh races. This former frontier outpost, and little sister to Montreal, is known for its spirited embrace of the coldest, darkest season. No surprise that its winter festival is the biggest in the Western Hemisphere.

星空迷