标签城堡下的文章

科孚岛旧城堡 The Old Fortress of Corfu, Greece (© Netfalls Remy Musser/Shutterstock)

历史在这里复活 Where history comes alive

旧城堡，科孚岛，希腊

希腊科孚岛的旧城堡矗立在半岛的尖端，现在是科孚公共图书馆和档案馆的所在地。这座城堡历史悠久，可以追溯到拜占庭时期。6世纪，入侵者袭击了科孚，促使幸存者建造了一个被城堡包围的新村庄。后来在威尼斯统治期间，城堡又经历了加固改建，以抵御奥斯曼军队的侵扰。数个世纪以来，这座希腊地标见证了当地的巨大变化以及几个帝国的兴衰。

Old Fortress, Corfu, Greece

This imposing structure is the Old Fortress on the Greek island of Corfu, off the western coasts of Greece and Albania. Situated in a strategic location between the Ionian and Adriatic seas, Corfu became one of the most fortified places in Europe amid successive sieges by the Ottoman Empire. The island was ruled by the Republic of Venice for 400 years until the late 18th century, which built forts in Corfu's Old Town to defend its maritime trading interests. They held off three Ottoman sieges in 1537, 1571, and 1716 but have been repaired, rebuilt, and added to over the centuries. The Old Fortress has witnessed the rise and fall of mighty empires for hundreds of years, from the tip of a rocky peninsula jutting into the sea. These days, however, it is home to the public library and Corfu's archives.

从纳哈加尔城堡鸟瞰斋浦尔，印度 (© Sean3810/iStock/Getty Images Plus)

宏伟的堡垒和宫殿

纳哈加尔城堡，拉贾斯坦邦，印度

纳哈加尔堡矗立于阿拉瓦利山脉的一座山脊上，为斋浦尔增添了一道雄伟而壮丽的背景。它始建于1734年，又于1868年经历了扩建。纳哈加尔，意为老虎的住所，如同强大的壁垒，保卫斋浦尔抵御敌人的攻击。

城堡内有印度王室成员的夏季度假宫殿，包含12间为王后准备的会客室，还有给国王准备的套房，这些房间通过走廊相连，走廊上装饰着精美壁画。如今，这里是非常受当地人欢迎的野餐目的地。夜间，这座堡垒在泛光灯的照耀下光彩夺目，与斋浦尔这座粉红之城交相辉映。

吕贝克的霍尔斯滕门，德国 The Holsten Gate in Lübeck, Germany (© Harald Nachtmann/Getty Images)

纪念硬币上的著名建筑 Famous on commemorative coins

霍尔斯滕门，吕贝克，德国

霍尔斯滕门是一座城门，标志着汉萨同盟城市吕贝克旧中心的西部边界。
砖砌哥特式建筑建于1464年，是吕贝克中世纪城市防御工事的遗迹之一，也是现存的两座城门之一，另一座是城堡门 (Burgtor)。
它以其两个圆形的塔楼和拱形入口而闻名，今天被视为这座城市的象征。

1950年，Holsten Gate 再次成为博物馆，这次是为了展示市政历史。展示了历史悠久的吕贝克遗物，以模型和图片展示了中世纪吕贝克的发展，展示了汉萨同盟舰船模型和旗舰“吕贝克之鹰”。

Holsten Gate, Lübeck, Germany

The Holsten Gate is a city gate marking off the western boundary of the old center of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck. Built-in 1464, the Brick Gothic construction is one of the relics of Lübeck's medieval city fortifications and one of two remaining city gates, the other being the Citadel Gate (Burgtor). Known for its two-round towers and arched entrance, it is regarded today as a symbol of the city.

In 1950 the Holsten Gate was again a museum, this time for municipal history. Relics from historic Lübeck were presented, the development of medieval Lübeck was shown by using models and pictures, and models of the ships of the Hanseatic League and the flagship "Eagle of Lübeck" were exhibited.

艾琳多南堡，苏格兰高地 (© VisualCommunications/Getty Images)

湖滨城堡

艾琳多南堡，苏格兰

艾琳多南堡坐落在苏格兰三个湖泊的交汇处，其宁静的表面下，是数个世纪的风云动荡。维京人、封建贵族和起义军来来去去，在这个苏格兰西部高地的湖滨城堡里留下了他们的足迹。

艾琳多南城堡始建于13世纪，用来防御维京人。后来，艾琳多南城堡经历了至少四次重建。中世纪时，这座城堡大部分时间都处于麦肯齐家族及其盟友马克雷家族的掌控下。1719年詹姆斯党人叛乱期间，艾琳多南城堡被英国皇家海军的炮弹摧毁，荒废了200年。

艾琳多南城堡位于杜伊奇湖、朗湖和阿尔什湖的交汇处。1911年，陆军中校约翰·麦克雷-吉尔斯特拉普买下它，用了20多年的时间重建城堡，并于1932年对外开放。重建时，城堡还新增了一座石桥，跨湖连接陆地，让城堡变得更加实用、美观和现代。现在，艾琳多南堡已成为苏格兰高地最受欢迎的景点之一，它的形象经常出现在包装和广告上。

费尔蒙芳堤娜城堡酒店，魁北克省，加拿大 Chateau Frontenac, Quebec City, Canada (© Romiana Lee/Shutterstock)

冬天的乐趣 Good cold fun

魁北克冬季嘉年华

在2月大斋节之前，世界各地会举办庆祝活动，其中广为人知的活动大多位于气候温暖的城市，如里约热内卢和新奥尔良，在圣灰星期三（大斋节首日）之前，狂欢者们会穿着精美的服装狂欢。而魁北克冬季嘉年华则截然不同，正如我们今天的照片展示的那样，这里的庆祝活动充满冬日氛围，有冰雕、雪橇比赛等等冬天才有的特色活动。如今，魁北克的冬季嘉年华已经成为整个西半球规模最大的冬季节日。

Quebec City, Quebec, Canada

Among all the pre-Lenten celebrations that take place around the world in February, the most famous are associated with warm-weather cities like Rio and New Orleans, where revelers party it up in elaborate costumes during the run-up to Ash Wednesday. It's a different affair in Quebec City, pictured here, where participants in the Quebec Winter Carnival enjoy all things winter, from snow sculptures to sleigh races. This former frontier outpost, and little sister to Montreal, is known for its spirited embrace of the coldest, darkest season. No surprise that its winter festival is the biggest in the Western Hemisphere.

皮埃尔丰城堡，皮卡第大区，法国 The Château de Pierrefonds in the Oise department of Picardy, France (© Hemis/Alamy)

日出时分的古老城堡 The old castle at sunrise

皮埃尔丰城堡，法国皮卡第大区

皮埃尔丰城堡拥有丰富而复杂的历史，可追溯到中世纪。它建于14世纪，由法国国王查理六世的兄弟路易斯·奥尔良 (Louis d'Orléans) 在一座古老城堡的废墟上建造。在17世纪初被路易十三的军队围困并拆除后，这座城堡一直是废墟，直到19世纪拿破仑三世要求建筑师Viollet-le-Duc对其进行修复。这将使用创新的重建技术来修复城堡受损的部分。

Chateau de Pierrefonds, France

Pierrefonds Castle has a rich and complex history dating back to the Middle Ages. It was built in the 14th century by Louis d'Orléans, brother of King Charles VI of France, on the ruins of an older castle. After being besieged and then dismantled at the beginning of the 17th century by the troops of Louis XIII, the castle remained in ruins until the 19th century when Napoleon III asked the architect Viollet-le-Duc to restore it. This will use innovative reconstruction techniques to restore the damaged parts of the castle.

霍亨索伦城堡，德国 Hohenzollern Castle, Germany (© Sahara Prince/Shutterstock)

正如童话一般 Fit for a fairytale

德国斯图加特附近的霍亨索伦城堡

迷人的霍亨索伦城堡经过三次重建后，是真的魅力非凡。这座城堡位于霍亨索伦山顶，修建于11世纪，但大部分建筑在1423年长达10个月的围攻中被摧毁，直到几十年后才得以重建。之后它成为了一个重要的战略据点，然而后来它再次失修。19世纪，普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉四世（他因在德国各地建造了许多伟大的建筑而闻名）在这里建造了一座新的城堡，几乎完全替换了这座城堡15世纪的建筑结构。如今，霍亨索伦城堡已成为一座露天博物馆，每年接待超过35万名游客，是德国参观人数最多的城堡之一。

Hohenzollern Castle near Stuttgart, Germany

For the charming Hohenzollern Castle, the third time really was the charm. Constructed on the top of Hohenzollern Mountain in the 11th century, the castle was largely ruined by a 10-month siege in 1423, only to be rebuilt a few decades later. It then served as an important strategic stronghold before again falling into disrepair. In the 19th century, King Frederick William IV of Prussia, best remembered for his commitment to building great works across Germany, had a new castle built on the grounds, replacing almost all the 15th-century construction. Today, Hohenzollern Castle is an open-air museum that hosts more than 350,000 visitors per year, making it one of the most-visited castles in Germany.

哈尔基岛的圣约翰骑士中世纪城堡遗址，希腊 Ruins of the medieval castle of the Knights of St. John above the village of Chorio, Halki Island, Greece (© Massimo Ripani/eStock Photo)

爱琴海之巅 High above the Aegean Sea

希腊哈尔基岛上的城堡废墟

哈尔基是爱琴海中的一个希腊小岛，当你需要逃离时，你会去那里。在人迹罕至的道路上，当其他希腊岛屿挤满游客时，哈尔基安静而困倦。到达目的地的唯一途径是从大得多的罗德岛乘坐渡轮。哈尔基岛的总面积只有1100平方英里，是多德卡内塞群岛中最小的有人居住的岛屿。

哈尔基岛上最受欢迎的景点之一是这座中世纪城堡的废墟，该城堡由圣约翰骑士团于14世纪在岛上朝南的海岸上现已废弃的乔里奥村建造。从岛上唯一的城镇恩波里奥港口村出发，步行很短，很上坡，岛上数百名常住居民大多住在这里。20世纪中叶，有相当一部分人口离开，其中许多人定居在墨西哥湾沿岸的佛罗里达州塔蓬斯普林斯镇，该镇号称拥有美国所有城市中最高比例的希腊裔美国人。来自哈尔基和其他希腊岛屿的人们被引诱到塔蓬泉从事海绵潜水员的工作，这是他们在希腊世代磨练的技能。这些天，哈尔基除了吃饭、放松和游泳外，没有什么其他活动。像所有希腊岛屿一样，哈尔基有美丽的海滩。在这里，你更有可能把它们都留给自己。

Castle ruins on the island of Halki, Greece

Halki, a tiny Greek island in the Aegean Sea, is the type of place you go to when you need a getaway from your getaway. Off the beaten path, Halki is quiet and sleepy when other Greek islands are flush with visitors. The only way to arrive is by ferry from the much larger island of Rhodes. Halki has a total area of just 11, sun-kissed square miles, the smallest inhabited island in the Dodecanese island group.

One of the most popular attractions on Halki is the ruins of this medieval castle built by the Knights of St. John in the 14th century in the now abandoned village of Chorio on the island's south-facing shore. It's a short, uphill walk from the only town on the island, the port village of Emporio, where most of the island's few hundred permanent residents live. A significant portion of the population left in the mid-20th century, many of them settling in the Gulf Coast town of Tarpon Springs, Florida, which lays claim to having the highest percentage of Greek Americans of any US city. People from Halki and other Greek islands were lured to Tarpon Springs to work as sponge divers, a skill they honed for generations in Greece. These days, not much goes on in Halki beyond eating, relaxing, and swimming. Like all Greek islands, Halki has beautiful beaches. Here, you're more likely to have them all to yourself.

重温往日辉煌 Reflecting its stylish past today

苏格兰Achray湖上的Tigh Mor Trossachs

童话城堡？检查迷人的苏格兰背景？检查平静，宁静的湖水？检查如果Tigh Mor在你看来像田园诗一样，你并不孤单。维多利亚女王在这里度过了全盛时期，尽管这座建于1849年的老酒店多年来衰落了，但耗资数百万美元的修复让它重新回到了昔日的辉煌。

Tigh Mor坐落在苏格兰特罗萨赫的Achray湖上方，这一地区的景色令人惊叹，让艺术家和画家如飞蛾扑火。作家们也受到了它的美丽的启发：早在19世纪初，沃尔特·斯科特爵士的诗歌《湖中的女士》和小说《罗布·罗伊》就激起了人们对游览这片被称为“特罗萨克斯”的森林峡谷、布雷斯和水道的兴趣

今天，许多游客徒步旅行或骑自行车游览特罗萨克斯小径，这是一条美丽的40英里长的路线，从洛蒙湖开始，蜿蜒在河流和树林中，为家庭友好的探险以及山地自行车和攀岩者带来挑战。更像一个水的人？特罗萨克人还擅长独木舟、皮划艇、桨板、帆船、游泳以及在河流和湖泊上钓鱼。

Tigh Mor Trossachs on Loch Achray, Scotland

Fairy-tale castle? Check. Stunning Scottish backdrop? Check. Calm, tranquil loch? Check. If Tigh Mor looks idyllic to you, you're not alone. Queen Victoria spent time here in its heyday, and though the old hotel (it was built in 1849) declined over the years, a multimillion-dollar restoration has brought it right back to its former glory.

Tigh Mor sits above Loch Achray in Scotland's Trossachs, a region with scenery so stunning it draws artists and painters like moths to a flame. Writers are also inspired by its beauty: Way back in the early 1800s Sir Walter Scott's poem 'The Lady of the Lake' and novel 'Rob Roy' stirred interest in visiting this area of wooded glens, braes, and waterways called 'Trossachs.'

Today many visitors hike or bike the Trossachs Trail, a beautiful 40-mile route that starts at Loch Lomond and winds along rivers and through woods, offering family-friendly adventures as well as challenges for mountain bikers and rock-climbers. More of a water person? The Trossachs are also great for canoeing, kayaking, paddle boarding, sailing, swimming, and fishing on rivers and lochs aplenty.

维尔茨堡美因河畔的一座城堡 Riverside castle

莱茵兰-帕拉蒂纳州马里恩堡

马里恩堡是德国维尔茨堡市美因河畔的一座城堡。它是维尔茨堡的象征，近5个世纪以来一直是王子和主教的故乡。它自古以来就是一座要塞。1631年，瑞典古斯塔夫二世阿道夫（Gustav II Adolf）征服该地区后，城堡被重建为巴洛克式要塞。今天，它是一个公园和博物馆。

Marienburg, Rhineland-Palatinate

Marienburg is a castle on the River Main in Wurzburg, Germany. It is the symbol of Wurzburg and has been the home of princes and bishops for nearly 5 centuries. It has been a fortress since ancient times. After Gustav II Adolf of Sweden conquered the area in 1631, the castle was rebuilt as a Baroque fortress. Today, it is a park and museum.

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