标签海岸下的文章

州立公园，索诺玛海岸，美国加利福尼亚州 Sonoma Coast State Park, California (© Rachid Dahnoun/Tandem Stills + Motion)

潮汐与暮色 Tides and twilight

索诺玛海岸州立公园，加利福尼亚州

索诺玛海岸州立公园拥有风景如画的沙滩、天然拱门和幽静的海湾。该公园建于1934年，涵盖了詹纳湾和博德加湾之间17英里的北加州海岸线。野生动物爱好者可以在这里看到海豹、海狮、鲸鱼以及各种鸟类，比如鹀鸟、莺、雀、麻雀和黄鹂。历史爱好者可以探索海蚀柱形成的痕迹，这些痕迹据说是四万年前在该地区游荡的猛犸象留下的。公园内还有一些历史遗迹，比如19世纪初俄罗斯人在博德加湾建造的堡垒。公园附近的罗斯堡是由俄美公司于1812年建立的。这个定居点标志着俄罗斯殖民在北美最南端的扩张。该要塞主要作为毛皮贸易的枢纽，专注于在太平洋沿岸捕猎海獭。到19世纪30年代中期，毛皮贸易逐渐衰落，1841年，这座堡垒被卖给了美国企业家约翰·萨特。

Sonoma Coast State Park, California

Sonoma Coast State Park offers a picturesque retreat with its sandy beaches, natural arches, and secluded coves. Established in 1934, the park encompasses 17 miles of Northern California coastline between Jenner and Bodega Bay. Wildlife enthusiasts can spot seals, sea lions, whales, and a variety of birds like towhees, warblers, finches, sparrows, and orioles. History buffs will enjoy exploring the sea stack formation with rubbing marks believed to have been made by mammoths that roamed the area 40,000 years ago. The park is also home to historical sites like Bodega Head, where Russians built a fort in the early 1800s.

Fort Ross, near the park, was established in 1812 by the Russian-American Company. This settlement marked the southernmost expansion of Russian colonization in North America. The fort primarily served as a hub for the fur trade, focusing on hunting sea otters along the Pacific coast. By the mid-1830s, the fur trade had declined, and in 1841, the fort was sold to John Sutter, an American entrepreneur.

哈纳之路，毛伊岛，夏威夷，美国 Road to Hana, Maui, Hawaii (© Matteo Colombo/Getty Images)

放慢脚步，享受旅途！ Slow down, enjoy the journey!

哈纳之路，毛伊岛，夏威夷

游客们经常把夏威夷和放松画上等号，但作为该地最著名的景点之一的哈纳之路，可能会让你紧紧抓住方向盘。这条公路沿着毛伊岛的北部海岸，从卡胡卢伊延伸到宁静的哈纳镇，全长64英里，有600多个弯道和许多单行道桥梁。行车途中需要集中注意力，所以不要忘记在郁郁葱葱的雨林和层层叠叠的瀑布前停下来放松一下。哈纳之路沿途的亮点包括天然小径、双子瀑布和怀阿纳帕纳帕州立公园的黑沙滩。

Road to Hana, Maui, Hawaii

With more than 600 curves and numerous one-lane bridges, it's best not to relax too much while navigating Hawaii's famous Road to Hana. It's hard to stay focused though, as the road winds its way through lush surroundings over 64 miles along the northern coast of Maui, from Kahului to Hana. Make a few stops along the way to get the best views of the rainforests and waterfalls that line the route. Popular attractions include the Waikamoi Ridge Trail, the easily accessible Twin Falls, and the black sands of Wai'ānapanapa State Park.

米罗伯塔莫斯海岸线上的楼梯，色萨利，希腊 Stairs on the shoreline at Mylopotamos, Thessaly, Greece (© Orestis Zoumpos/Amazing Aerial Agency)

迎接挑战！ Step up to the challenge!

走楼梯日

是时候加强锻炼了！随着久坐不动的生活方式越来越普遍，保持健康已成为人们关注的焦点。“走楼梯日”的出现是为了提醒人们：一个小小的、有意识的选择也可以对我们的整体健康产生大大的影响。这是由美国肺脏协会发起的一项倡议，旨在倡导人们通过有意识的运动来促进肺部健康。

为了庆祝这一天，我们参观了希腊色萨利地区米罗伯塔莫斯海岸线上的蛇形楼梯。米罗伯塔莫斯坐落在希腊中部多山的皮利翁半岛东海岸，这里有独特的郁郁葱葱的风景和幽静的海滩。松树荫下的小路蜿蜒曲折，通向海滩，走够了怎么办呢？别担心，沿途还有海滩酒吧。

Take the Stairs Day

It's time to step up! Today is Take the Stairs Day, an initiative by the American Lung Association aimed at encouraging us to make small changes that can have a big impact on our well-being.

To mark the day, we're admiring the snake-like steps to Mylopotamos Beach on the mountainous Pelion peninsula, in northern Greece. The sinuous path to this secluded beach winds beneath the cool shade of pine trees. Enough steps for today? Don't worry, there's a beach bar along the way.

ballyvooney海岸，科佩海岸地质公园，爱尔兰 Ballyvooney Cove, Copper Coast Geopark, Ireland (© Andrea Pistolesi/Getty Images)

彩虹的尽头 Where the rainbow ends

圣帕特里克节

准备好迎接三叶苜蓿、游行和所有绿色的东西吧，因为今天是圣帕特里克节。这个节日起源于1000多年前的爱尔兰，但如今该节日已渐渐成为许多国家共同的节日。圣帕特里克节，也被称为“绿帽子节”，是为了纪念爱尔兰守护神圣帕特里克。

今天这张照片拍摄于科佩海岸地质公园，这是联合国教科文组织评选出的世界地质公园之一，位于爱尔兰东南海岸。该地区拥有众多文化和历史遗迹，包括铁器时代的堡垒、刻有文字的石头以及中世纪的教堂废墟。19世纪，这里曾开采过铜矿（copper），科佩（copper）海岸也因此得名。

St. Patrick's Day

Get ready for shamrocks, parades, and all things green, because today is St. Patrick's Day. Many countries around the world recognize the holiday, but the first celebration was in Ireland more than 1,000 years ago. St. Patrick's Day, also known as the Feast of Saint Patrick, is both a cultural and religious celebration recognizing Saint Patrick himself, an Irish, 5th century Christian missionary and bishop.

This view is of Copper Coast Geopark, a UNESCO Global Geopark on the southeast coast of Ireland. The area also boasts a rich cultural heritage, and is dotted with numerous historical sites, including Iron Age forts, inscribed stones, and ruins of medieval churches. This magnificent stretch of undulating cliffs and sandy coves is named after the 19th century copper mines that once operated there.

阿特拉尼，阿马尔菲海岸，意大利 Atrani, Amalfi Coast, Italy (© Amazing Aerial/Shutterstock)

一张来自意大利的明信片 Postcard from Italy

阿特拉尼，阿马尔菲海岸，意大利

阿特拉尼位于意大利西南部的阿马尔菲海岸，房屋的红色粘土屋顶在阳光下非常引人注目。阿特拉尼是意大利最小的城镇之一，镇上只有800居民。这个传统渔村也是阿马尔菲海岸世界文化遗产的一部分。这里保留了原有的建筑特色，是一个完美的地中海度假胜地。游客可以在这里沐浴阳光，在海滨咖啡馆里品尝当地海鲜。

Atrani, Amalfi Coast, Italy

With its red clay roofs above the spangled sea, Atrani shines in the sun on the Amalfi Coast in southwest Italy. Just 800 people get to call Atrani home, while the rest of us can just hope to visit one of the smallest towns in Italy and walk its intricately built roads and admire the small houses perched above the waiting beach. The traditional fishing village is part of the Costiera Amalfitana UNESCO World Heritage Site, and it has kept its traditional characteristics alive. It is a perfect Mediterranean getaway to soak up the sun and enjoy local seafood at a waterfront cafe.

楚科奇海的浮游植物水华，美国阿拉斯加州海岸附近 Blooms of phytoplankton in the Chukchi Sea off the coast of Alaska (© Norman Kuring/Kathryn Hansen/U.S. Geological Survey/NASA)

什么生长得这样茂盛？ What's blooming so brightly?

楚科奇海浮游植物的大量繁殖

在这张酷酷的照片中，数百种深浅的蓝色被大理石镶嵌在一起。不，这不是一件现代艺术作品，它是大自然的杰作。这是一张卫星照片，照片中的浮游植物在阿拉斯加附近盛开，凉爽、咸的楚科奇海与靠近海岸的温暖、新鲜的海水混合在一起。

但究竟什么是浮游植物？它们是微小的太阳能生物，漂浮在海面附近，随洋流漂流。事实上，它们的名字来源于希腊语中植物的“phyton”和流浪者或漂泊者的“planktos”。对于生活在海洋和河口的各种生物来说，浮游植物既美味又营养，对地球上的每一个人都至关重要：浮游植物的光合作用约占世界光合作用的一半，是吸收二氧化碳和释放氧气的太阳能过程。

今天我们谈论浮游植物是为了纪念地球科学周，这是一个鼓励我们所有人学习甚至献身于地球科学的国际活动。今年的主题是“地球科学促进可持续发展世界”，强调科学在维持我们的星球上的作用。所以，是时候掸掉显微镜上的灰尘，参观当地的科学博物馆，或者也许只是了解更多关于美丽的旋转浮游植物的知识。

Blooms of phytoplankton in the Chukchi Sea

Hundreds of shades of blue are marbled together in this cool shot. No, it's not a work of modern art, it's right off the brush of nature. This is a satellite photo of phytoplankton blooming near Alaska as the cool, salty Chukchi Sea mingles with warmer, fresher water closer to shore.

But just what are phytoplankton? They're microscopic sun-powered organisms that float near the surface of the ocean, drifting with the currents. In fact, their name derives from the Greek 'phyton' for plant and 'planktos' for wanderer or drifter. Delicious and nutritious to various creatures living in oceans and estuaries, they're also vital to everyone on Earth: Phytoplankton are responsible for about half of the world's photosynthesis, the sun-powered process that takes in carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.

We're talking phytoplankton today in honor of Earth Science Week, an international event encouraging all of us to learn about or even devote our life to the Earth sciences. This year's theme is 'Earth Science for a Sustainable World,' emphasizing science's role in sustaining our planet. So, time to dust off that microscope, visit your local science museum, or perhaps just learn more about beautiful, swirling phytoplankton.

巴斯克海岸世界地质公园的比斯开湾，西班牙 Bay of Biscay in the Basque Coast Geopark near Bilbao, Spain (© Olimpio Fantuz/eStock Photo)

隐入大海的龙尾 Dragon tails trail to the sea

国际地理多样性日

这些龙尾巴状的结构延伸至西班牙北部巴斯克海岸的比斯开湾，是地球上最独特、最引人注目的地质构造之一。对于地质学家和喜欢看冰凉岩石的人来说，这是一个仙境。巴斯克海岸地质公园（Basque Coast Geopark）在导游的带领下，游客可以发现6000万年不间断的地质历史。

今天是国际地球多样性日，它揭示了地球科学在解决人类今天面临的重大挑战方面的重要性。这可以包括地质学、岩石圈、地球内部大规模结构以及大气、水圈和生物圈的研究。

International Geodiversity Day

These dragon tail-like structures that stretch into the Bay of Biscay on the Basque Coast of northern Spain are part of one of the most unique and remarkable geological formations on the planet. It's a wonderland for geologists, and for people who just like looking at cool rocks. Guided tours of the Basque Coast Geopark allow visitors to discover 60 million years of uninterrupted geological history.

Today is International Geodiversity Day, which brings to light the importance of geoscience in solving major challenges that humanity is facing today. This can include the study of geology, the lithosphere, and the large-scale structure of Earth's interior, as well as the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

海上阿尔卑斯山 Alps of the sea

Marine Day in Japan

The striking coastline of Omijima Island has earned it the nickname 'The Alps of the Sea.' Its sheer cliffs and dramatic angles certainly echo the skyscraping peaks in that European mountain range. But a visit to Omijimi Island will take you to the other side of the world, to Kita-Nagato Kaigan Quasi-National Park, in Yamaguchi, Japan. Year-round scuba diving adventures reveal a world under the waves just as beautiful as the one above the surface.

日本的海洋日

大尾岛引人注目的海岸线为它赢得了“海洋阿尔卑斯山”的绰号它陡峭的悬崖和引人注目的角度肯定与欧洲那条山脉上的群峰相呼应。但是，游览大米岛将把你带到世界的另一边，日本山口的北长门凯根准国家公园。一年到头的水肺潜水冒险揭示了波浪下的世界和水面上的世界一样美丽。

黄金海岸上的冲浪者，澳大利亚 Surfers catching waves at Palm Beach on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia (© Darren Tierney/Getty Images)

这是什么水上魔法？ What waterborne wizardry is this?

International Surfing Day

Of all the tricks humans have taught themselves, few delight and impress more than surfing. A sport, a pastime, an art, a philosophy of life, surfing is as close to magic as a person can perform on the untamed ocean. Today, the sport of wave riding gets its well-earned due with International Surfing Day, a time each year to honor the sport, the lifestyle of surfing, and the ocean itself, whose good health is vital to the sport and so much else. Surfers have a special connection to the ocean and the waves it produces. A surfable wave relies on so much: The winds hundreds or thousands of miles away that produced the energy to set the swells in motion—those swells might take days to arrive at the shoreline; and then the reef or point of land or underwater boulder upon which a swell will break into a perfectly shaped wave. Wind and timing are everything, and devoted surfers know the weather and the shore intimately.

Surfing can be done anywhere waves break, from Iceland to Ireland, Brazil to Senegal. But there are a handful of spots renowned for their waves, such as Hawaii, Tahiti, California, and the Gold Coast in Queensland, Australia, pictured here. As the sport has evolved, surfers have taken on bigger waves, giants that exceed 50 feet in height at now-famous surf breaks like Jaws, Mavericks, and the latest in Nazare, Portugal.

Surfing is believed to have originated in Polynesia more than 1,500 years ago, most likely in Tahiti and was observed by Westerners as early as the 1700s in Hawaii. Native Hawaiians are credited for creating the sport as we know it today. Duke Kahanamoku, Olympic swimmer, great waterman, and one of Hawaii's earliest celebrities, helped spread surfing's popularity to California and Australia in the early 1900s. Today, surfing is an Olympic sport, has a professional tour for both men and women, and is an integral part of popular culture. But for the lucky souls who know how to ride a wave, it's simply the best way to spend a day at the beach.

国际冲浪日

在人类自学的所有技巧中，很少有比冲浪更让人愉悦和印象深刻的了。冲浪是一项运动，一种消遣，一门艺术，一种人生哲学，就像一个人在未驯服的海洋上所能表演的一样，它离魔法很近。今天，冲浪运动因国际冲浪日而备受青睐，每年的国际冲浪日都是纪念这项运动、冲浪生活方式和海洋本身的日子，海洋本身的健康对这项运动和其他许多运动都至关重要。冲浪者与海洋及其产生的波浪有着特殊的联系。冲浪的波浪依赖于这么多：数百或数千英里以外的风产生的能量使涌浪运动，这些涌浪可能需要几天才能到达海岸线；然后是礁石或陆地或水下巨砾的点，在其上，涌浪将变成完美形状的波浪。风和时间是一切，热衷于冲浪的人对天气和海岸了如指掌。

从冰岛到爱尔兰，从巴西到塞内加尔，冲浪可以在任何波涛汹涌的地方进行。但也有一些以海浪闻名的景点，如夏威夷、塔希提、加利福尼亚和澳大利亚昆士兰的黄金海岸，如图所示。随着这项运动的发展，冲浪者们已经开始接受更大的海浪，在如今著名的冲浪休息处，身高超过50英尺的巨人，如大白鲨、小牛队，以及最近在葡萄牙的纳粹队。

据信，冲浪运动起源于1500多年前的波利尼西亚，最有可能发生在塔希提岛，早在17世纪，西方人就在夏威夷观察到了冲浪运动。据我们今天所知，夏威夷土著人创造了这项运动。20世纪初，奥林匹克游泳运动员、伟大的沃特曼、夏威夷最早的名人之一杜克·卡哈纳莫库（DukeKahanamoku）帮助将冲浪运动普及到加利福尼亚和澳大利亚。今天，冲浪是一项奥林匹克运动，男女都有专业的巡回赛，是流行文化的一个组成部分。但对于那些懂得乘风破浪的幸运儿来说，这是在海滩度过一天的最佳方式。

去亚速尔群岛游玩 Gateway to the Azores

Ponta Delgada

Today we're taking a trip to Ponta Delgada in the Portuguese Azores island chain. It's the largest city on São Miguel, known as the 'green island,' the largest and most populated island in the autonomous region of Portugal. Gorgeous views and beaches make this a tourist hot spot. The Azores islands are especially popular for outdoor adventure, with world-class hiking, diving, and sailing.

德尔加达桥

今天我们要去葡萄牙亚速尔群岛的德尔加达桥。它是圣米格尔岛上最大的城市，被称为“绿岛”，是葡萄牙自治区最大、人口最多的岛屿。美丽的风景和海滩使这里成为旅游热点。亚速尔群岛特别适合户外探险，有世界级的徒步旅行、潜水和帆船。

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