标签葡萄牙下的文章

西南阿连特茹和维森廷海岸自然公园上空的银河，葡萄牙 Milky Way over Southwest Alentejo and Vicentine Coast Natural Park, Portugal (© Daniel Garrido/Getty Images)

黑夜里的“彩虹” A rainbow's nocturnal cousin

秋季天文周

美国一年里有两次天文日，分别是春季天文日（4月中旬到5月中旬）和秋季天文日（9月中旬至10月中旬）。在这个特别的节日，科学博物馆、天文台、天文俱乐部和天文馆将举办专业人士主持的讲座、展览和工坊活动。对夜空的科学观测从早期文明时代就开始了，而天文学被称为最早的自然科学学科，是研究天体及相关现象的学科。今天照片里的是葡萄牙的西南阿连特茹和维森廷海岸自然公园，这里远离光污染，是个观星的好地方哦。

Fall Astronomy Week

The Milky Way has billions of stars; among them, our own sun finds its place. The galaxy's name is derived from the radiant, pale appearance of the band of stars and gas clouds that graces Earth's sky. Methodical observations of the night sky started with early civilizations but astronomy, the oldest natural science, remains a source of fascination today. It's what brings stargazers to Portugal's Southwest Alentejo and Vicentine Coast Natural Park, a site free from heavy light pollution. Now's a good time to seek out your own celestial spectacle, as it is Astronomy Week and the main event, Saturday's Fall Astronomy Day, this year coincides with the autumnal equinox.

波尔图大教堂, 葡萄牙 Porto Cathedral, Portugal (© Reinhard Schmid/Huber/eStock Photo)

波尔图的青花瓷美景 Blue hues and ceramic scenes of Porto

波尔图大教堂，葡萄牙

波尔图大教堂坐落在可以俯瞰杜罗河的山顶上，是葡萄牙第二大城市波尔图最著名的地标之一。这座罗马天主教堂建于12世纪，具有兼收并蓄的建筑风格，融合了罗马风、哥特风和巴洛克风的元素。大教堂内用蓝白相间的阿兹雷荷瓷砖装饰出了一幅幅《圣经》中的一些场景。这些瓷砖遍布葡萄牙各个城市的每个角落，在公寓楼、教堂和公共建筑上都随处可见。

Porto Cathedral, Portugal

Perched on a hilltop overlooking the Douro River, the Porto Cathedral is one of the best-known monuments in Porto, Portugal’s second-largest city. Built in the 12th century, this Roman Catholic church has an eclectic architecture style that combines Romanesque and Gothic influences with later Baroque additions. The space inside the cathedral is artfully decorated with blue and white azulejo tiles, which showcase some scenes from the Bible. Tiles like these are found throughout Portuguese cities, on apartment buildings, churches, and public buildings.

通往皮库山的道路，葡萄牙 Road to Mount Pico, Portugal (© Marco Bottigelli/Getty Images)

人迹罕至的一条路 The road less taken?

皮库山，葡萄牙

皮库山的海拔高约8000英尺，是亚速尔群岛皮库岛的最高点，也是这里最著名的景点之一。亚速尔群岛位于大西洋，是葡萄牙的一个自治区。皮库山是一座由玄武岩熔岩构成的层状火山。1562年，这里曾爆发了一次长达两年多的火山喷发。自1720年12月以来，皮库山一直处于“休眠”状态。游客可以在这里徒步，有毅力的也可以攀登到山顶。尽管登上山顶并不容易，但却十分值得，因为站在皮库山之巅，可以将周围岛屿的景色尽收眼底。

Mount Pico, Portugal

At almost 8,000 feet above sea level, Mount Pico is the highest point on Pico Island in the Azores, a collection of islands in the Atlantic Ocean known as an autonomous region of Portugal. This stratovolcano made of basaltic lava has been lying dormant since December 1720. However, a 1562 eruption of Mount Pico lasted for more than two years. One of the most prominent sites in the Azores, Mount Pico is a popular hiking destination that allows determined visitors to reach the summit. The apex offers stunning views of Pico Island and many other islands around it, making a difficult climb that is absolutely worth it.

蓬塔德尔加达附近的海岸，葡萄牙 Coast near Ponta Delgada, Madeira, Portugal (© Jan Wlodarczyk/Alamy)

去亚速尔群岛游玩 Gateway to the Azores

Ponta Delgada

Today we're taking a trip to Ponta Delgada in the Portuguese Azores island chain. It's the largest city on São Miguel, known as the 'green island,' the largest and most populated island in the autonomous region of Portugal. Gorgeous views and beaches make this a tourist hot spot. The Azores islands are especially popular for outdoor adventure, with world-class hiking, diving, and sailing.

德尔加达桥

今天我们要去葡萄牙亚速尔群岛的德尔加达桥。它是圣米格尔岛上最大的城市，被称为“绿岛”，是葡萄牙自治区最大、人口最多的岛屿。美丽的风景和海滩使这里成为旅游热点。亚速尔群岛特别适合户外探险，有世界级的徒步旅行、潜水和帆船。

纳扎雷灯塔，葡萄牙 Nazaré Lighthouse atop Forte de São, Nazaré, Portugal (© Richard A Lock/Getty Images)

Nazaré Lighthouse

The iconic surf beaches of the world sit predominantly on the Pacific, but we're in the dead of shredding season on the Atlantic. Stormy winters from October to March beckon surfers donning their thickest wetsuits to brave gargantuan breaks here in Nazaré, Portugal. Brazilian surfer Rodrigo Koxa caught an 80-footer here in 2017, beating the previous Guinness World Record for surf wave height—also set here. Meanwhile, those less daredevilish among us are content to join this crowd standing in awe from the safety of Nazaré's Forte de São, a lighthouse-topped fortress on a shoreside cliff.

纳扎雷灯塔

世界上标志性的冲浪海滩主要坐落在太平洋上，但我们正处于大西洋破碎季节的死期。在葡萄牙纳扎雷，从10月到3月，暴风雨的冬天召唤着冲浪者穿上他们最厚的潜水服，勇敢地在这里进行巨大的休息。2017年，巴西冲浪运动员罗德里戈·科萨在这里捕获了一个80英尺高的冲浪者，打破了此前同样在这里创造的冲浪波高吉尼斯世界纪录。与此同时，我们当中那些胆小的人也很乐意加入到这群人当中，他们敬畏纳扎雷的圣堡堡（Forte de são）的安全，这是一座位于岸边悬崖上的灯塔式堡垒。

马德拉岛的法纳尔森林，葡萄牙 The Fanal Forest on Madeira Island, Portugal (© Val Thoermer/Alamy)

These laurels are hardy

Go back 15 million years and you'll find most of Southern Europe looking like this fantasy forest: thick, scrubby underbrush canopied by wizened laurel trees. An epoch or two of human agricultural advances cleared those ancient woods, but patches persist on a few temperate Atlantic islands—Especially here on Madeira, a Portuguese-held island off northwest Africa.

The Fanal Forest, at almost 60 square miles, is the largest surviving laurel forest in the world. Ninety percent of the forest's growth remains uncut, and some of these long-in-the-root laurels have stood for 500 years.

这些桂冠很耐寒

追溯到1500万年前，你会发现欧洲南部的大部分地区都像是一片梦幻森林：茂密的灌木丛中覆盖着干枯的月桂树。人类农业的进步使这些古老的森林消失了一两个世纪，但在一些温带大西洋岛屿上，特别是在非洲西北部葡萄牙控制的马德拉岛上，仍然存在着一些斑块。

法纳尔森林面积近60平方英里，是世界上现存最大的月桂林。森林生长的百分之九十没有被砍伐，其中一些长根月桂已经存在了500年。

贝纳吉尔洞穴，葡萄牙阿尔加维 Benagil Cave in the Algarve, Portugal (© Michael Malorny/Offset by Shutterstock)

Eye of the cave

Many sea caves and rock formations line the alluring Algarve coast in the south of Portugal, and today we’re shedding light on Benagil Cave—one of the region’s most spectacular and famous natural landmarks. Just east of the small fishing village of Benagil, the cave was formed about 20 million years ago from the pounding waves that sweep in from the Atlantic. Rainfall has caused the softer segments of limestone to erode, creating a giant hole in the cave’s roof, which is what we’re looking down through in our photo.

The eye-shaped opening allows sunlight to stream into the cave, illuminating the golden beach and azure waters within its layered walls. The only way to explore the inside is by sea, so visitors need to hop on a boat, kayak, or paddleboard to enter the grotto.

洞眼

葡萄牙南部迷人的阿尔加维海岸沿线有许多海洞和岩层，今天我们将向大家展示该地区最壮观、最著名的自然地标之一贝纳吉尔洞穴。就在小渔村贝纳吉尔的东面，这个洞穴是大约2000万年前由大西洋拍打而来的海浪形成的。降雨导致较软的石灰岩段被侵蚀，在洞穴顶部形成了一个巨大的洞，这就是我们在照片中看到的。

眼睛形状的开口让阳光流入洞穴，照亮了分层墙内的金色海滩和蔚蓝的海水。探索洞穴内部的唯一方法是通过海上，因此游客需要跳上小船、皮划艇或桨板才能进入洞穴。

Enter the magical world of Livraria Lello

How will you celebrate International Literacy Day today? We're highlighting this important observance with a photo of a very special bookstore, Livraria Lello in Porto, Portugal. With its Art Nouveau façade, Neo-Gothic interior, stained-glass ceiling, swooping catwalks, and the dramatic, curvaceous staircase with crimson steps, the Lello is considered one of the most beautiful—and among the oldest—bookstores in the world. If rumors are true, the bookstore cast a spell on J.K. Rowling, inspiring scenery in 'Harry Potter,' such as the Hogwarts floating staircase and the Flourish and Blotts bookshop. (Rowling often visited the Lello when she lived in Porto in the early '90s.) The Lello bookstore opened in 1906 and has been serving up the magic of books ever since.

进入莱洛书店的魔法世界

你们今天将如何庆祝国际扫盲日？我们用葡萄牙波尔图一家非常特别的书店Livraria Lello的照片来强调这一重要的纪念活动。Lello书店拥有新艺术风格的外立面、新哥特式的内部、彩色玻璃天花板、俯冲的T型台和带有深红色台阶的戏剧性曲线美楼梯，被认为是世界上最美丽、最古老的书店之一。如果传闻属实，书店会对J.K.罗琳施下咒语，激发《哈利波特》中的灵感，比如霍格沃茨浮动楼梯和繁荣与布洛茨书店。（罗琳在90年代初住在波尔图时经常参观莱洛书店。）莱洛书店于1906年开业，从那时起就一直在提供书籍的魔力。

Yabba-Dabba-Doo!

This rock-solid house in the Fafe mountains of northwest Portugal looks like it could be the home of a modern Stone Age family. Known locally as Casa do Penedo (House of the Rock), its prehistoric appearance has drawn comparisons to the Flintstones' dwelling from the fictional town of Bedrock. But the secluded stone structure on our homepage is very much real—it was built as a rural retreat in the Portuguese countryside in the 1970s. The building is sandwiched between four boulders that serve as the foundation, walls, and ceiling of the house, blending in as part of the beautiful natural landscape.

It may appear small on the outside, but inside there are two floors, comprising a kitchen, living room, bathroom, and bedrooms—just enough space for a family and their pet dinosaur. Many of the rustic fittings, including furniture, stairs, and handrails, are made of logs. There's no electricity, but there is a stone fireplace and even a small outdoor swimming pool carved out of one of the rocks. The quirkiness of the building has attracted plenty of curious visitors over the years, leaving the owners between a rock and a hard place. Due to an influx of tourists, Casa do Penedo can no longer be used as a peaceful getaway and has even been equipped with bulletproof windows and a steel door to fend off vandals. Today it functions as a small museum with relics and photographs from the house's history.

雅巴达巴嘟嘟！

这座位于葡萄牙西北部法夫山脉的坚固岩石房子看起来像是一个现代石器时代家庭的家。它的史前外观在当地被称为“岩石之屋”（Casa do Penedo），与虚构的基岩镇上的弗林茨通家的住宅相比，它的史前外观更具吸引力。但我们主页上的隐蔽的石头结构非常真实，它是1970年代在葡萄牙农村作为一个乡村休养地建造的。该建筑被夹在四块巨石之间，作为房屋的基础、墙壁和天花板，融入了美丽自然景观的一部分。

它外表看起来可能很小，但里面有两层，包括厨房、客厅、浴室和卧室，刚好足够一个家庭和他们的宠物恐龙居住。包括家具、楼梯和扶手在内的许多乡村配件都是由原木制成的。这里没有电，但有一个石制壁炉，甚至还有一个由岩石雕刻而成的小型室外游泳池。多年来，这座建筑的奇特之处吸引了大量好奇的游客，让业主们进退两难。由于大量游客涌入，佩内多之家不再能作为一个和平的避风港，甚至还配备了防弹窗和钢门来抵御破坏公物者。今天，它作为一个小型博物馆，收藏着这座房子历史上的文物和照片。

海浪撞击费尔盖拉什灯塔，葡萄牙波尔图 Wave crashing on Farolim de Felgueiras, a lighthouse in Porto, Portugal (© Stephan Zirwes/Offset by Shutterstock)

A lofty lighthouse and a little ocean spray

The Farolim de Felgueiras (Lighthouse of Felgueiras) you see here has withstood relentless waves for around 135 years. It offered its solitary warnings to ships approaching Porto, Portugal's second-largest city, beginning in 1886 until it was finally deactivated in 2009. Even though it's no longer operational, it's still a well-known local landmark. It offers sightseers a beautiful view, and maybe a little ocean spray, from its perch overlooking the mouth of the Douro river where it flows into the Atlantic.

The nearby city of Porto was originally established in around 136 BCE by the Romans as an outpost called Portus Cale, which is believed to be the origin of the name Portugal. The city is also responsible for the name of one of the country's most famous exports, Port wine, the (usually) sweet red fortified wine that was first exported by local merchants across Europe in the second half of the 17th century. These days the city and surrounding municipalities are home to around 1.7 million people, but Porto retains its historic charm. One of its oldest riverside neighborhoods, the Ribeira, was honored as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1996 and was also designated as a National Monument of Portugal.

一座高耸的灯塔和一点浪花

你在这里看到的费尔盖拉灯塔（Farolim de Felgueiras）经受了大约135年无情的海浪。它从1886年开始向接近葡萄牙第二大城市波尔图的船只发出单独警告，直到2009年最后关闭。尽管它已经停止运作，但它仍然是当地著名的地标。它为观光客提供了一个美丽的景色，也许还有一点海洋浪花，从它的栖息处俯瞰着杜罗河口，杜罗河口流入大西洋。

附近的城市波尔图最初由罗马人在公元前136年左右建立，作为一个前哨站，称为波尔图卡尔，这被认为是葡萄牙这个名字的起源。这座城市也是该国最著名的出口商品之一，波尔图葡萄酒（Port wine）的名字的来源，波尔图葡萄酒（Port wine）是一种（通常）甜红色的强化葡萄酒，17世纪后半叶，当地商人首次在欧洲各地出口。如今，这座城市和周围的市政当局居住着大约170万人，但波尔图仍然保持着它的历史魅力。里贝拉是最古老的河畔社区之一，1996年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产，并被指定为葡萄牙国家纪念碑。

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