标签美国下的文章

生机盎然的酢浆草和红杉树，美国大草原溪红杉州立公园 Coastal redwoods and wood sorrel, Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park, California (© Jack Dykinga/Minden Pictures)

有四叶草吗？ Any with four leaves?

St. Patrick's Day

Ireland has been called the land of '40 shades of green,' but this green leprechaun's-eye view comes from the feet of California's giant sequoias. Today we celebrate St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland, who famously never traveled to California. St. Patrick is often depicted holding a shamrock, which he purportedly used to spread Christianity in Ireland by saying the leaves illustrated the Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit of the Holy Trinity. Never mind that Celtic druids had revered the sacred shamrock and its three leaves long before Patrick's arrival. Coins depicting St. Patrick with a shamrock date back as far as 1675.

Legends of St. Patrick abound. For example, he's said to have driven the snakes out of Ireland, but most experts would suggest it was the cool, damp weather that kept the serpents from ever arriving there in the first place. Tradition has it that he died on March 17 of the year 461 CE, and one can only assume that a year later the first green beer was served.

Whether you find yourself in Dublin, the California coast, or any point in between today, we leave you with a traditional Irish toast: 'May your glass be ever full. May the roof over your head be always strong. And may you be in heaven half an hour before the devil knows you're dead.'

圣帕特里克节

爱尔兰被称为“40种绿荫之地”，但这张绿色小妖精的视线来自加利福尼亚州巨大红杉的脚下。今天，我们庆祝爱尔兰的守护神圣帕特里克，他以从未去过加利福尼亚而闻名。圣帕特里克经常被描绘成手持三叶草，据说他用三叶草在爱尔兰传播基督教，说三叶草描绘了圣父、圣子和三位一体的圣灵。在帕特里克到来之前很久，凯尔特德鲁伊就已经崇敬了神圣的三叶草和它的三片叶子。描绘圣帕特里克和三叶草的硬币可以追溯到1675年。

圣帕特里克的传说比比皆是。例如，据说他把蛇赶出了爱尔兰，但大多数专家认为，正是凉爽潮湿的天气阻止了蛇从一开始就到达那里。按照传统，他于公元461年3月17日去世，人们只能假设一年后，第一瓶绿色啤酒出现了。

无论你是在都柏林、加利福尼亚海岸，还是在这两者之间的任何时刻，我们都会给你一个传统的爱尔兰祝酒词：“愿你的酒杯永远充满。”。愿你头上的屋顶永远坚固。愿你在魔鬼知道你死前半小时就到了天堂。

奥卡拉国家森林中的杜松泉，美国佛罗里达州 Juniper Springs in Ocala National Forest, Florida (© Michael Warren/Getty Images)

全年均可在此畅游 You can take a refreshing dip here any day of the year

Juniper Springs, Florida

Yes, the water here is as inviting as it looks: clear as glass, the shade of a precious gem, and a perfect 73 degrees every day of the year. Set within a subtropical forest, it is a veritable Garden of Eden. Long before Disney arrived in the Sunshine State, natural springs like this one were what visitors flocked to. Juniper Springs, seen here, is one of Florida's oldest and best-known recreation areas, established in the 1930s as a place to camp, hike, paddle, and, of course, swim.

Florida is home to the largest concentration of freshwater springs in the world, with more than 1,000 of them scattered mostly across the upper part of the state, where the massive Floridan aquifer breaks through the surface. This underground reservoir hides beneath the entire state and parts of neighboring states. Under constant pressure, the water sometimes reaches voids in the surface, and a spring is created. This aquifer provides Florida with almost all its drinking water.

Like so many of our natural resources, Florida's springs are under threat. Overextraction and pollution from fertilizers and septic systems have put some springs in peril. Luckily for anyone visiting Juniper Springs, these jewel-toned waters are protected by the Ocala National Forest, so it's likely to look like this for a long time.

佛罗里达州杜松斯普林斯

是的，这里的水和它看起来一样诱人：清澈如玻璃，宝石般的阴影，一年中每天都有完美的73度。它坐落在亚热带森林中，是名副其实的伊甸园。早在迪士尼抵达阳光之州之前，像这样的天然泉水就是游客们蜂拥而来的地方。这里所见的刺柏泉是佛罗里达州最古老、最著名的休闲区之一，建于20世纪30年代，是露营、徒步旅行、划桨，当然还有游泳的地方。

佛罗里达州是世界上淡水泉最集中的地方，其中1000多处主要分布在佛罗里达州的上半部分，那里巨大的弗洛里丹含水层穿透地表。这个地下水库隐藏在整个州和邻近州的部分地区之下。在恒定的压力下，水有时会到达表面的空隙，从而产生一个弹簧。该含水层为佛罗里达州提供了几乎所有的饮用水。

和我们的许多自然资源一样，佛罗里达州的泉水也受到威胁。肥料和化粪池系统的过度抽取和污染已经使一些泉水处于危险之中。幸运的是，对于任何参观Juniper Springs的人来说，这些宝石色的水域都受到奥卡拉国家森林的保护，所以很可能很长一段时间都是这样。

雷尼尔山上空的银河星系，美国华盛顿州 Moonlight and the Milky Way over Mount Rainier in Mount Rainier National Park, Washington (© Brad Goldpaint/Cavan)

123岁生日快乐！ Happy 123rd birthday

Mount Rainier National Park

Mount Rainier is the crown jewel of its namesake national park, designated March 2, 1899, by President William McKinley. It was just the fifth national park in the United States. Beyond the mountain, the 369-square-mile park also includes valleys, waterfalls, old-growth forests, and pristine alpine meadows famous for summer wildflowers.

Rainier is considered the most glaciated peak in the contiguous US. Native Americans named it Tahoma, which translates to mother of waters. Indeed, the mountain spawns five major rivers, and to this day, its snowmelt provides much of the water for the region.

Although beautiful, Rainier is also one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world. Scientists consider an eruption in the near future to be highly probable. In addition to spewing ash and triggering landslides, a major eruption would likely trigger massive mudflows, called lahars, that would send a tsunami of mud, boulders, and debris toward the cities of Tacoma and Seattle, only 100 miles away. For now, we'll just admire the majesty of this sleeping giant and be thankful that the national park protects so much pristine northwest wilderness.

雷尼尔山国家公园

雷尼尔山是威廉·麦金利总统于1899年3月2日指定的同名国家公园的皇冠明珠。它只是美国的第五个国家公园。在山的另一边，369平方英里的公园还包括山谷、瀑布、古老的森林和以夏季野花闻名的原始高山草甸。

雷尼尔峰被认为是美国周边冰川最为严重的山峰。美洲原住民将其命名为Tahoma，意为“水之母”。事实上，这座山孕育了五条主要河流，直到今天，它的融雪为该地区提供了大量的水。

雷尼尔火山虽然美丽，但也是世界上最危险的火山之一。科学家认为在不久的将来爆发是极有可能的。除了喷发火山灰和引发山体滑坡外，一次大的火山喷发可能会引发大规模的泥流，称为lahars，这将向仅100英里外的塔科马和西雅图两座城市带来一场由泥浆、巨石和碎片组成的海啸。现在，我们只想欣赏这位沉睡巨人的威严，感谢国家公园保护了如此多原始的西北荒野。

冰川湾国家公园里的兰普鲁冰川，美国阿拉斯加州 Lamplugh Glacier in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska (© Andrew Peacock/Getty Images)

古老的冰川与大海相遇的地方 Where ancient ice meets the sea

Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve

Think of this special spot as the place where two different Alaskas meet—its vast icy north and its verdant maritime south. Glacier Bay is named for this area's dominant feature, the rivers of ice that carve the landscape and periodically calve icebergs into the sea. On February 26, 1925, President Calvin Coolidge declared much of the land around the bay a national monument. But the protected area was greatly expanded in 1980, when a 3.3-million-acre expanse of glaciers, fjords, rainforest, coastline, and mountain peaks was named a national park and preserve.

Pictured here is Lamplugh Glacier, one of the relatively few tidewater glaciers in the park; the vast majority are found inland. Lamplugh is known for its intense blue color—ice and water absorb the red wavelength of white light and transmit blue light, which is what we end up seeing. The thicker and more pure the ice, the more blue it appears.

冰川湾国家公园

把这个特殊的地方想象成两个不同的阿拉斯加人在广阔的冰雪覆盖的北方和苍翠的海洋南面相遇的地方。冰川湾是以该地区的主要特征命名的，冰的河流切割景观，并周期性地将冰山崩解入海中。1925年2月26日，卡尔文·柯立芝总统宣布海湾周围的大部分土地为国家纪念碑。但1980年，保护区得到了极大的扩展，当时一片330万英亩的冰川、峡湾、雨林、海岸线和山峰被命名为国家公园和保护区。

这里的图片是兰普卢冰川，公园里相对较少的潮水冰川之一；绝大多数是在内陆发现的。Lamplugh以其强烈的蓝色而闻名，冰和水吸收白光的红色波长并传输蓝光，这就是我们最终看到的。冰越纯，越厚。

雷斯岬国家海岸公园里的柏树隧道，美国加利福尼亚州 The cypress tunnel at Point Reyes National Seashore in California (© Spondylolithesis/Getty Images)

通往过去的隧道 A tunnel to the past

Point Reyes National Seashore

This evocative photo of a cypress-lined road was taken in Point Reyes National Seashore, a marine and coastal reserve under the care of the National Park Service. A portion of the park preserves the marine habitat in the harbors along the coast of the Point Reyes Peninsula on California's central coast. Inland, the area's grasslands, marshlands, and wooded uplands present a notably diverse collection of landscapes—including the cypress tunnel.

It's worth noting that at the end of this tree-lined cul-de-sac is an old ship-to-shore radio station known as KPH. It's mostly a historic site that still broadcasts locally but was once a vital communications relay for the many ships that passed by Point Reyes, especially during World War II.

雷耶斯角国家海岸酒店

这张令人想起的柏树林立的道路照片是在雷耶斯角国家海岸拍摄的，这是一个由国家公园管理局管理的海洋和海岸保护区。公园的一部分保留了加州中央海岸雷耶斯角半岛沿岸港口的海洋栖息地。在内陆地区，该地区的草原、沼泽地和树木繁茂的高地呈现出明显多样的景观，包括柏树隧道。

值得注意的是，在这条绿树成荫的死胡同的尽头，有一个名为KPH的老式船对岸电台。它主要是一个历史遗址，仍然在当地广播，但曾经是许多经过雷耶斯角的船只的重要通信中继，尤其是在第二次世界大战期间。

在海洋里畅游的座头鲸和海豚，美国夏威夷州 Humpback whales and dolphins, Hawaii (© drewsulockcreations/Getty Images)

世界鲸鱼日快乐 Wishing you whale of a World Whale Day

Humpback whales and dolphins

As surely as some tourists return to Hawaii each and every year, thousands of humpback whale families, like the one seen in this photo, make an annual winter visit to the waters off Maui. They're the reason behind today's cetacean celebration: World Whale Day. While the observance honors whales of all kinds in all the world's oceans, it was here in Maui that the Pacific Whale Foundation first held the event and timed it to match the yearly return of the humpbacks.

These whales belong to one of at least four populations of humpbacks that live in the North Pacific. This group spends winters breeding and resting up in Hawaii's warm waters before making a summer migration to their feeding grounds in the chilly depths off Alaska. If you visit Hawaii during February, you'll have one of the best opportunities anywhere to spot these majestic marine mammals—and as we see here, maybe you'll spot a few dolphins too!

座头鲸和海豚

正如每年都有一些游客返回夏威夷一样，成千上万的座头鲸家庭，如图中所示，每年都会到毛伊岛附近的水域进行冬季访问。这就是今天鲸类庆祝活动的原因：世界鲸鱼日。当纪念仪式在世界上所有的海洋中都尊敬鲸鱼的时候，在毛伊岛这里，太平洋鲸鱼基金会首先举办了这个活动，并将它定为与驼背的年度回归相匹配。

这些鲸鱼属于生活在北太平洋的座头鲸至少四个种群之一。在夏季迁徙到阿拉斯加寒冷深处的觅食地之前，这群人会在夏威夷温暖的水域进行冬季繁殖和休息。如果你在二月份访问夏威夷，你将有机会在任何地方看到这些壮丽的海洋哺乳动物，正如我们在这里看到的，也许你也会看到一些海豚！

灯光璀璨的曼哈顿下城，美国纽约 Lower Manhattan in New York City (© New York On Air/Offset/Shutterstock)

Manhattan

Ahhh, New York City. Well, Manhattan specifically, one of New York's five boroughs. This aerial view is of Lower Manhattan, what New Yorkers consider the heart of the city. That's New Jersey sparkling across the Hudson River in the distance. And those two bridges pictured on the left are the Brooklyn Bridge (above) and the Manhattan Bridge (below), linking the island of Manhattan to the borough of Brooklyn.

Anytime is the right time to take in the nighttime views of New York City from high above, but the cityscape in January might be especially beguiling. For one thing, you won't have to fight crowds to stand at the windows to view the dazzling lights. May we recommend the observation decks of the Empire State Building, Top of the Rock, and the One World Trade Center Observatory? Happy gazing.

曼哈顿

啊，纽约市。特别是曼哈顿，纽约五个行政区之一。鸟瞰鸟瞰曼哈顿，纽约人认为这座城市的中心。那是新泽西州，在远处的哈德逊河上闪闪发光。左边的两座桥分别是布鲁克林大桥（上图）和曼哈顿大桥（下图），它们将曼哈顿岛与布鲁克林区连接起来。

任何时候都是从高处欣赏纽约市夜景的最佳时机，但一月份的城市景色可能特别迷人。首先，你不必为了站在窗户前观看耀眼的灯光而与人群搏斗。我们可以推荐帝国大厦的观景台、岩石顶观景台和世界贸易中心观景台吗？快乐的凝视。

Borrego Badlands

If you're looking to take in a beautiful sunset over some exotic terrain, you could do worse than the Borrego Badlands, a 20-mile stretch of desert in southeastern California's Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. This arid landscape is not the kind of dune-filled terrain t you might visualize when you think of a desert, but a series of rolling hills, canyons, gullies, and arroyos, speckled with sparse but hardy vegetation. It makes for a surreal and beautiful view.

Fossilized seashells found in the area reveal that this arid landscape was once submerged under the waters of the Gulf of California and the Colorado River. The terrain was shaped over time by water and wind erosion into its current form. Today, the Borrego Badlands is a favorite spot for campers, while photographers are drawn by the picture-perfect sunsets.

博雷戈荒地

如果你想在异国情调的地形上欣赏美丽的日落，你可能会比博雷戈荒地（Borrego Badlands）更糟糕。博雷戈荒地位于加利福尼亚州东南部的安扎博雷戈沙漠州立公园（Anza Borrego desert State Park），是一片20英里长的沙漠。这片干旱的土地并不是你想象中的那种布满沙丘的土地，而是一系列起伏的丘陵、峡谷、沟壑和荒野，点缀着稀疏但耐寒的植被。这是一个超现实主义和美丽的景色。

在该地区发现的贝壳化石表明，这片干旱的土地曾被淹没在加利福尼亚湾和科罗拉多河的水域之下。随着时间的推移，地形被水和风侵蚀成现在的形状。今天，博雷戈荒地是露营者最喜欢的地方，而摄影师则被完美的日落所吸引。

汉密尔顿山顶的利克天文台，美国加利福尼亚州 The Lick Observatory on Mount Hamilton, near San Jose, California (© Jeffrey Lewis/Tandem Stills + Motion)

Lick Observatory

Shrouded in snow on the summit of Mount Hamilton, in the Diablo Range just east of San Jose, California, lies the world's first permanently occupied mountaintop observatory. Constructed between 1876 and 1887, the Lick Observatory has been the site of significant discoveries including several of Jupiter's moons and other planetary systems. It's named for American real-estate entrepreneur James Lick, who set aside $700,000 for the University of California to build a facility that would be home to a 'telescope superior to and more powerful than any telescope yet made.'

His wish came true. The 36-inch refracting telescope on Mount Hamilton was the largest that had ever been built from when it saw first light on January 3, 1888, until the construction of the 40-inch refractor at Wisconsin's Yerkes Observatory in 1897. Sadly, Lick died before his vision became a reality, but his name lives on. His body is even buried beneath the telescope, which continues to scan the skies today.

利克天文台

在加利福尼亚州圣何塞以东的暗黑破坏神山脉的汉密尔顿山顶上，积雪覆盖着世界上第一座永久性的山顶天文台。建于1876年至1887年间的利克天文台一直是重大发现的地点，其中包括一些木星卫星和其他行星系统。这是以美国房地产企业家James Lick命名的，他为加利福尼亚大学留出了700000美元建造一个设施，它将是一个比任何望远镜都更强大、更强大的望远镜。

他的愿望实现了。汉密尔顿山上的36英寸折射望远镜是从1888年1月3日第一次看到曙光到1897年威斯康星州耶克斯天文台建造40英寸折射望远镜的最大望远镜。可悲的是，利克在他的梦想变成现实之前就去世了，但他的名字却永存。他的尸体甚至被埋在望远镜下面，望远镜今天继续扫描天空。

Aurora borealis

You don't have to go all the way to Alaska to see the northern lights (they've been spotted as far south as Hawaii). But based on this stunner of a photo, we recommend it. And the farther north the better: auroras are more frequent and intense the closer you are to the North Pole.

This intense aurora borealis was captured over the Brooks Range, the stretch of mountains that forms the North Slope of Alaska. Journey hundreds of lonely miles northward via the Dalton Highway and you'll descend into a vast coastal plain before finally reaching the Beaufort Sea coast, where nothing but icy water lies between you and the North Pole.

北极光

你不必一路跑到阿拉斯加去看北极光（北极光在南至夏威夷都被发现）。但是基于这张照片的惊人之处，我们推荐它。越北越好：极光越频繁，强度越大，离北极越近。

这种强烈的北极光是在布鲁克斯山脉（Brooks Range）上空拍摄的，布鲁克斯山脉是形成阿拉斯加北坡的山脉。沿着道尔顿公路向北行驶数百英里，你将进入一片广阔的海岸平原，最后到达波弗特海岸，在那里你和北极之间只有冰冷的海水。

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