标签桥下的文章

科尔多瓦的古罗马桥，西班牙 Roman bridge, Córdoba, Spain (© Jeremy Woodhouse/Getty Images)

这座古桥在哪呢？ Where is this historical bridge?

古罗马桥，科尔多瓦，西班牙

科尔多瓦的古罗马桥跨越瓜达尔基维尔河，是这座城市的一处历史地标。这座桥始建于公元前1世纪罗马帝国的扩张时期，在历史上曾被多次重建，目前这座桥的主体是在8世纪由阿拉伯人重建。虽然它已经承载了数个世纪的交通往来，但现在这座桥仅供行人通行。如果你觉得它很眼熟，可能是因为你曾在《权力的游戏》第五季中见过它，在剧中它是虚构的瓦兰提斯城的一部分。

Roman bridge of Córdoba, Spain

The Roman bridge of Córdoba, in the ancient Spanish city’s historic center, has been rebuilt several times over the centuries. For 2,000 years it was the city’s only bridge across the Guadalquivir River, originally built in the first century BCE during the expansion of the Roman Empire. Much of the current bridge dates from reconstruction in the 8th century following the Moorish conquest, a period when hundreds of mosques and palaces were built, and Córdoba became one of Europe's largest cities and a center of learning and culture.

While it has seen centuries of traffic, the bridge is now only open to pedestrians, following the opening of the Miraflores Bridge in 2004. If it looks familiar, you might have spotted it standing in as part of the fictional city of Volantis in 'Game of Thrones.'

斯太尔河, 奥地利 Steyr River, Austria (© guenterguni/Getty Images)

大自然的蓝色奇观 Nature's blue wonder

斯太尔河，奥地利

今天这张照片并未经过调色，奥地利斯太尔河的水真的就是这般湛蓝。斯太尔河流经托特斯山脉，当地植被稀少，那为什么斯太尔河还能如此清澈湛蓝？答案就在环绕斯太尔河谷的群山之中。雨水和融化的雪水流入斯太尔河后，其中较重的沉积物沉到水底，而较细的沉积物则会悬浮在水中。被沉积物散射或反射的阳光就赋予了河水这样鲜艳的蓝色。

Steyr River, Austria

These whitewater rapids are found in Upper Austria, where the Steyr River crashes down from the barren Totes Gebirge (the Dead Mountains) through this verdant landscape. When it comes to the ancient town of Steyr, at the foot of the Alps, it will meet the Enns River, which flows into the Danube.

What gives the Steyr that stunning blue hue? The answer is found in the mountains themselves. When there's rainfall or the surrounding snow melts, eroded sediment flows into the river. Heavier sediment sinks to the bottom and finer sediment stays suspended in the water. Sunlight is scattered or reflected by the sediment, allowing us to see a vibrant shade of blue, as the Steyr crashes through this lush landscape.

新年跨年夜烟花, 悉尼悉尼海港大桥, 澳大利亚 New Year's Eve fireworks, Sydney Harbour Bridge in Sydney, Australia (© Wendell Teodoro/Getty Images)

跨年夜新年快乐 Happy New Year's Eve from down under

迎接2023年 / 澳大利亚悉尼跨年夜

随着跨年夜在盛夏登陆，许多澳大利亚人选择乘船游览美丽的悉尼港，参加一年一度的烟花表演，以此迎接新年。悉尼海港大桥和举世闻名的悉尼歌剧院作为戏剧背景，今年的第一场烟花表演将于当地时间晚上9点举行，随后在午夜举行第二场。澳大利亚是最早进入新年的国家之一，通常有超过150万人参加悉尼的这一盛大庆祝活动。

每年公历1月1日，标志着新一年的到来，人们习惯将这一天称为“元旦”，俗称“公历年”、“阳历年”或“新历年”。在很多国家，有自己的新年，或是因习俗传统，或者是宗教性的，例如：中国春节，伊斯兰新年，泰米尔新年和犹太新年。

由于地球被划分为多个时区，所以每个时区迎来新年的时间不一，第一个迎来新年的时区，就在国际日期变更线以西，位于莱恩群岛，是基里巴斯国的一部分，时区比世界标准时间早14小时。无人居住的美国边远领土豪兰岛和贝克岛被指定位于UTC后12小时的时区内，这是地球上最后一个看到1月1日到来的地方。

New Year's Eve in Sydney, Australia

With New Year's Eve landing in midsummer, many Aussies choose to usher in the new year with a boat trip around beautiful Sydney Harbour to take in the annual fireworks display With the Sydney Harbour Bridge and world-famous Sydney Opera House as a dramatic backdrop, the first fireworks show will fire off this year at 9 pm local time, followed by a second show at midnight. Australia is one of the first nations to reach the new year, and more than 1.5 million people are typically in attendance for this spectacular celebration in Sydney.

威拉米特国家森林麦肯齐河步道上的桥，美国 Bridge on the McKenzie River Trail, Willamette National Forest, Oregon (© Don Paulson/Danita Delimont)

徒步旅行 Take a hike!

麦肯齐河步道上的桥梁

我们的照片显示俄勒冈州的麦肯齐河国家休闲步道，威拉米特国家森林的一部分。这条小径蜿蜒于湖泊、河流和泉水之间，引导您穿过荫蔽的古老森林。其中一个亮点是可以俯瞰塔莫利奇蓝池（Tamolich Blue Pool），这是一个清澈见底的游泳池，由河水注入其中而成。

Bridge on the McKenzie River Trail

Our photo shows Oregon's McKenzie River National Recreation Trail, part of the Willamette National Forest. This trail winds by lakes, rivers, and springs, guiding you through shady old-growth forests. One highlight: the view overlooking Tamolich Blue Pool, a crystal-clear pool created by the river bubbling up into it.

1990年纽约市马拉松比赛，参赛者穿过韦拉扎诺海峡大桥 Runners in the 1990 New York City Marathon crossing the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge (© David Madison/Getty Images)

跑过纽约五个行政区 Racing through the five boroughs

韦拉扎诺海峡大桥

2022年纽约市马拉松赛的路线就从这里开始，在韦拉扎诺海峡大桥，从斯塔顿岛（Staten Island）穿过布鲁克林（Brooklyn），最终穿过纽约的五个自治区。这张照片让你知道今天将有多少人跑步。因为比赛在11月的一个早晨很早就开始了，许多跑步者都穿着分层的衣服来抵御典型的寒冷。但一旦它们从跑步中升温，这些层就会脱落，经常被丢弃在人行道上。比赛组织者收集每年约26吨的遗留下来的运动装备，并将其捐赠给慈善机构。

Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge

The route for the 2022 New York City Marathon starts right here at the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge, crossing from Staten Island into Brooklyn, eventually coursing through all five boroughs of New York. This photo gives you an idea of just how many people will be running today. Because the race starts early on a November morning, many runners show up in layered clothing to beat the typical chill. But once they heat up from running, those layers come off and are often discarded on sidewalks. Race organizers collect the activewear left behind, about 26 tons a year, and donate it to charity.

意大利威尼斯的叹息桥 Bridge of Sighs in Venice, Italy (© Doug Pearson/Alamy)

一个吻和一声叹息 A kiss and a sigh

意大利威尼斯叹息桥

在威尼斯的叹息桥（Ponte dei Sospiri）下，当你的船夫引导你穿过城市的运河时，是亲吻你心爱的人的好去处。但这个名字所指的叹息并不是因为你凝视着你亲爱的眼睛。这座封闭的桥于1600年完工，将新监狱（Prigioni Nuove）与总督府的审讯室连接起来，据说囚犯最后一次看到美丽的威尼斯是在这座桥上。这足以让人叹息。

Bridge of Sighs in Venice, Italy

Beneath Venice's Ponte dei Sospiri (Bridge of Sighs), is a popular place to kiss your beloved as your gondolier guides you through the city's canals. But the sighs that the name refers to aren't from staring into your darling's eyes. The enclosed bridge, completed in 1600, connects the Prigioni Nuove (New Prison) to the interrogation rooms in the Doge's Palace, and it is said that a prisoner's last look at beautiful Venice would be on that bridge. And that's reason enough to sigh indeed.

大理石峡谷中横跨科罗拉多河的纳瓦霍桥，美国亚利桑那州北部 Marble Canyon bridges over the Colorado River at the Glen Canyon National Recreation Area in northern Arizona (© trekandshoot/Alamy)

横跨峡谷裂缝的两座桥 Bridging the gap two ways

Happy birthday, bridges

Today we're taking a trip to a part of northern Arizona cut off from the rest of the state by the Colorado River and its deep canyons. No doubt you've heard of the Grand Canyon, but today is an important milestone to another canyon about 70 miles away. On this date in 1995, the twin Marble Canyon bridges, better known collectively as Navajo Bridge, were officially dedicated as the second bridge was installed.

The first, in place since 1929 when it was hailed as a 'modern marvel' and 'the biggest news in Southwest history,' had long been key to travel across the 834-foot gap of Marble Canyon. But as time passed, the area saw heavier vehicles and more traffic. After much debate about the impact on Native land and endangered plants, and the likelihood of debris falling into the river below, plans were developed for the $14.7 million, nearly identical second bridge. Now, Marble Canyon has two bridges, each about 470 feet over the Colorado River. The original serves as a path for humans and horses while the new bridge carries vehicles. Both bridges hold the title of ninth-highest in the United States (though the newer one is about three feet higher).

生日快乐，桥

今天，我们将前往亚利桑那州北部的一个地区，那里被科罗拉多河及其深峡谷与该州的其他地区隔绝。毫无疑问，你听说过大峡谷，但今天是70英里外另一个峡谷的重要里程碑。1995年的这一天，两座大理石峡谷大桥（合称纳瓦霍桥）正式投入使用，第二座大桥也安装完毕。

自1929年被誉为“现代奇迹”和“西南历史上最大的新闻”以来，第一条铁路一直是穿越834英尺高的大理石峡谷的关键。但随着时间的推移，该地区的车辆越来越重，交通也越来越多。在对当地土地和濒危植物的影响以及碎片落入河流的可能性进行了大量辩论后，为价值1470万美元、几乎相同的第二座桥梁制定了计划。现在，大理石峡谷有两座桥，每座桥跨越科罗拉多河约470英尺。最初的桥梁是人和马的通道，而新的桥梁则承载车辆。这两座桥都是美国第九高的桥梁（尽管较新的桥高约三英尺）。

圆顶礁国家公园里的希克曼桥，美国犹他州 The Hickman Bridge at Capitol Reef National Park, Utah (© Tim Fitzharris/Minden Pictures)

走上这条人迹常见的小径 Take the trail more traveled by

Happy Birthday Capitol Reef National Park

You won't find a lot of solitude on the Hickman Bridge Trail, a 1.7-mile route in Capitol Reef National Park that leads to this magnificent natural arch. The trail is used by hikers, runners, and nature lovers drawn by incredible rock formations, gullies, and remnants from the Fremont Culture Native American civilization from the early part of the 20th century. Hickman Bridge itself is one of the best-known geologic features of the park.

Capitol Reef National Park was first established as a national monument on this day in 1937, then became a national park in 1971. Capitol Reef is named for its massive rock domes that reminded nearby residents of that famous rotunda of the US Capitol Building back in Washington, DC. Why Capitol 'Reef,' though? Because the imposing formations were major obstacles to travelers through the region, the same way a coral reef is an obstacle to sailors.

The geology of the park is defined by the nearly 100-mile Waterpocket Fold, a wrinkle in the Earth's crust that formed around the end of the dinosaur era. Wind, rain, and time have eroded the Navajo Sandstone into colorful canyons, buttes, and natural arches like Hickman Bridge. The dramatic rock formations make Capitol Reef a favorite destination in the American West.

生日快乐国会山 珊瑚礁国家公园

在希克曼大桥小径上你不会发现太多的孤独，这条小径位于国会山礁国家公园，全长1.7英里，通往这座宏伟的天然拱门。这条小径供远足者、跑步者和自然爱好者使用，它们由难以置信的岩层、沟壑和20世纪早期弗里蒙特文化-美洲原住民文明的遗迹绘制而成。希克曼大桥本身就是公园最著名的地质特征之一。

国会山礁国家公园于1937年的今天首次作为国家纪念碑建立，然后在1971年成为国家公园。国会山礁以其巨大的岩石圆顶而命名，这让附近的居民想起了位于华盛顿特区的美国国会大厦的著名圆形大厅。然而，为什么国会大厦是“暗礁”？因为壮观的地形是该地区旅行者的主要障碍，就像珊瑚礁是水手的障碍一样。

公园的地质特征是近100英里的水袋褶皱，这是在恐龙时代末期形成的地壳褶皱。风、雨和时间把纳瓦霍砂岩侵蚀成了五颜六色的峡谷、山丘和希克曼大桥那样的天然拱门。引人注目的岩层使国会山礁成为美国西部最受欢迎的目的地。

工程奇迹 An engineering marvel

Sharavati Bridge

This bridge at Honnavar was awarded second prize in the competition for Most outstanding Bridge National Awards 1995 – Category I by Indian Institute of Bridge Engineers.

Here, we are looking at the Sharavati Bridge, the longest railway bridge in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is 2,060 metres long and it carries the Konkan Railway over the Sharavati river. Constructed in 1984, the bridge is recognised around the globe as an engineering wonder. During the 20th century, the project to construct this bridge was considered to be the biggest and perhaps the most complicated railway undertaking (at least in this part of the world). The Konkan Railway has over 2,000 bridges and 91 tunnels constructed through some of the toughest terrains.

沙拉瓦蒂桥

这座位于Honnavar的大桥在1995年印度桥梁工程师学会颁发的最杰出桥梁国家奖（I类）竞赛中获得二等奖。

在这里，我们看到的是印度卡纳塔克邦最长的铁路桥沙拉瓦蒂桥。它长2060米，通过萨拉瓦蒂河运送Konkan铁路。这座桥建于1984年，是全球公认的工程奇迹。在20世纪，建造这座桥的项目被认为是最大的，也许是最复杂的铁路工程（至少在世界这一地区）。Konkan铁路有2000多座桥梁和91条隧道，穿越一些最恶劣的地形。

“古桥”的新生 The 'Old Bridge,' reborn

Stari Most in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina

For 427 years the Mostar Bridge stood strong, despite the belief that its original mortar was composed of egg whites. Truth is, not much is known about the 16th-century construction of this bridge in what is now known as Bosnia and Herzegovina. All that remains in historical records are memories and legends and the name of the bridge's builder, Mimar Hayruddin. He was charged by Suleiman the Magnificent to build an unprecedentedly wide arch, and threatened with death if the structure failed. Hayruddin is said to have been so unsure of his creation that he had made funeral preparations before the scaffolding was removed. Luckily (and much to the builder's probable relief), the arch remained intact. Suspended nearly 80 feet above the Neretva River, the highest point of the bridge's arch rises an additional 39.5 feet. Upon its completion in 1566, it was the widest manmade arch ever built and was compared by one explorer to 'a rainbow arch soaring up to the skies.'

Also known as Stari Most, or 'Old Bridge,' it was finally brought down in November 1993 after being hit by a barrage of shells in a targeted attack during the Bosnian War. Considered a treasure of Bosnian Islamic architecture, its destruction by Croatian forces was condemned around the world. Scholars referred to the act as an attempt at 'killing memory.' Due to its importance in the Mostar region, plans to rebuild the bridge as accurately as possible began at the war's end. The reconstructed bridge was unveiled to the public in 2004. Used for normal daily activities, the bridge also has history as a popular spot for annual diving competitions.

波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那莫斯塔尔的Stari Most

427年来，莫斯塔尔大桥一直屹立不倒，尽管人们相信它最初的砂浆是由蛋白组成的。事实是，关于16世纪在现在被称为波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的地方修建这座桥，人们所知不多。历史记录中只剩下记忆和传说，还有大桥建造者米马尔·海鲁丁的名字。宏伟的苏莱曼（Suleiman the Magnium）要求他建造一座空前宽阔的拱门，并威胁说，如果拱门倒塌，他将面临死亡。据说，海鲁丁对自己的创作非常不确定，以至于在拆除脚手架之前，他就已经为葬礼做了准备。幸运的是（建筑商可能松了一口气），拱门仍然完好无损。悬挂在内雷特瓦河上方近80英尺的地方，桥拱的最高点再高出39.5英尺。1566年建成后，这是有史以来建造的最宽的人造拱门，一位探险家将其比作“一座翱翔天空的彩虹拱门”

它也被称为“Stari Most”，或“Old Bridge”，1993年11月，在波斯尼亚战争期间，在一次有针对性的袭击中，它被一连串炮弹击中，最终被拆毁。被认为是波斯尼亚伊斯兰建筑的瑰宝，克罗地亚军队对其的破坏受到全世界的谴责。学者们把这一行为称为试图“扼杀记忆”由于该桥在莫斯塔尔地区的重要性，在战争结束时就开始了尽可能准确地重建该桥的计划。重建后的大桥于2004年向公众公布。该桥用于正常的日常活动，历史上也是年度跳水比赛的热门场地。

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