2021年11月 - 星空迷

被白雪覆盖的彩虹山，秘鲁 Aerial view of snowy peaks of Vinicunca (aka Rainbow Mountain), Peru (© Jude Newkirk/Amazing Aerial Agency)

Rainbow Mountain

Even to the huge bummer that is glacial melting, there are bright sides: The radiant colors of Vinicunca (aka Rainbow Mountain) might have gone unseen had rising temps not melted the peak's glacial caps. Rainbow Mountain's streaky sediment layers, multicolored like a wildflower bloom, were revealed in 2015. Since then, it's become the most visited natural attraction in Peru's lofty Cusco region.

彩虹山

即使对于冰川融化这一巨大的麻烦来说，也有光明的一面：如果上升的气温没有融化山顶的冰盖，维尼库卡（又名彩虹山）的灿烂色彩可能已经看不见了。彩虹山的条纹状沉积物层，五颜六色，像野花盛开，于2015年被发现。从那时起，它成为秘鲁高耸的库斯科地区游客最多的自然景点。

索巴尼亚国家公园上方耸立的百年桥, 巴拿马 Centennial Bridge towering above Soberanía National Park, Panama (© David Tipling/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

Centennial Bridge

What do you get when you cross historic feats of engineering with unmatched natural beauty? This photo of a suspension bridge in a rainforest. Or more specifically: Panama, where the photo was taken.

Panama celebrates its Independence Day today—although on this strategic, ocean-straddling strip of land, independence is complicated. When Panama broke loose from Spain on this day in 1821, it became part of Colombia until, backed by the US, it seceded in November 1903 just before the Panama Canal was built. (The Centennial Bridge over the canal, shown here, was finished in 2003 to commemorate 100 years since that event.) The US spearheaded building the international waterway, and controlled it until December 31, 1999, when Panamanians finally assumed full command of the canal, one of Panama's chief sources of revenue.

百年桥

当你将历史性的工程壮举与无与伦比的自然美景相结合时，你会得到什么？这张照片是雨林中的一座吊桥。或者更具体地说：照片拍摄地巴拿马。

巴拿马今天庆祝其独立日，尽管在这片战略上横跨海洋的狭长土地上，独立是复杂的。1821年的今天，巴拿马脱离西班牙，成为哥伦比亚的一部分，直到1903年11月，在美国的支持下，巴拿马运河建成之前脱离了哥伦比亚。（图中所示的运河百年纪念桥于2003年完工，以纪念该事件发生100周年。）美国率先修建了国际水道，并控制了该水道，直到1999年12月31日，巴拿马人最终全面控制了运河，这是巴拿马的主要收入来源之一。

古老的水青冈树，英国北安普顿郡 (© Andrew Baskott/Alamy)

20世纪50年代宾夕法尼亚州车站和纽约市夜景鸟瞰图 Aerial view of Penn Station and the New York City skyline at night in the 1950s (© R. Gates -Staff/Getty Images)

Penn Station

If this image of New York City's Pennsylvania Station seems straight out of a classic film noir, it's for good reason. The photo was taken in the 1950s, just a few years before the city's beloved Beaux-Arts style masterpiece was dismantled and then demolished so that Madison Square Garden could be built atop its warren of walkways and train lines.

This original Pennsylvania Station opened to the public on November 27, 1910. It was built by its namesake, the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, to compete with Grand Central Station. For 50-plus years, commuters and visitors streamed in and out of the grand and imposing Penn Station to take trains to and from New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and beyond. When the building was decapitated in 1963 with only its underground network of tunnels and walkways left in place, the demolition sparked city-wide and even international outrage. 'One entered the city like a god; one scuttles in now like a rat,' wrote architectural historian Vincent Scully. There was a silver lining to the cloud of demolition dust: A collective sense of loss galvanized the movement to preserve historically significant buildings in the US.

Today, we celebrate the anniversary of Penn Station with more good news. On January 1, 2021, the first train left Penn Station from the new Daniel Patrick Moynihan Train Hall. It's a $1.6B architectural masterpiece of its own, built from the adjacent US Post Office building and taking design cues from the original Penn Station building, pictured here. We'll toast to that!

宾州车站

如果这张纽约市宾夕法尼亚电视台的照片看起来是直接出自一部经典的黑色电影，那是有充分理由的。这张照片拍摄于20世纪50年代，就在几年前，这座城市深受喜爱的Beaux Arts风格的杰作被拆除，然后被拆除，以便麦迪逊广场花园可以建在人行道和火车线的沃伦顶上。

这座最初的宾夕法尼亚车站于1910年11月27日向公众开放。它是由同名的宾夕法尼亚铁路公司建造的，目的是与大中央车站竞争。50多年来，通勤者和游客源源不断地进出宏伟壮丽的宾夕法尼亚火车站，乘坐火车往返新泽西州、宾夕法尼亚州以及更远的地方。1963年，该建筑被斩首，只剩下地下隧道和人行道网络，这一拆除事件引发了全市乃至国际社会的愤怒一个像神一样进入城市；建筑历史学家文森特·史考利（Vincent Scully）写道：“现在，人们像老鼠一样溜进来了。”。拆除尘埃中还有一线希望：集体的失落感激发了保护美国历史上重要建筑的运动。

今天，我们用更多的好消息来庆祝宾州电台的周年纪念。2021年1月1日，第一列火车从新的Daniel Patrick Moynihan火车站开出。这是一座耗资16亿美元的建筑杰作，取材于毗邻的美国邮政大楼，并借鉴了原宾夕法尼亚州车站大楼的设计灵感，如图所示。我们要为此干杯！

伊兰谷中的Pen y Garreg水坝，威尔士 (© Joe Daniel Price/Moment Open/Getty Images)

独特的巧克力山，菲律宾薄荷岛 Chocolate Hills in Bohol, Philippines (© Danita Delimont/Offset by Shutterstock)

Chocolate Hills

Each year as the dry season begins in late November, the green grass that covers the rolling, conical mounds in the Bohol province of the Philippines begins to turn brown, transforming the area into endless rows of what look like hills of chocolate. Because of this, the Chocolate Hills have become a robust tourist-attraction for the province. The regional government has even constructed a viewing complex in Carmen, a town about 30 miles from the regional capital of Tagbilaran.

While local legend describes the formation of the 20-square miles of hills as either being leftover wreckage from a battle between two giants, or the tears of a heartbroken giant, scientists theorize they were formed over a long stretch of time through a combination of erosion and tectonic processes.

巧克力山

每年11月下旬开始的旱季，覆盖在菲律宾波荷省起伏的圆锥形土堆上的绿草开始变成棕色，将该地区变成了一排无穷无尽的巧克力山。正因为如此，巧克力山已成为该省一个强大的旅游景点。该地区政府甚至在卡门建造了一座观景楼，卡门是一座距离该地区首府塔比拉兰约30英里的城镇。

尽管当地传说将这20平方英里的山丘的形成描述为两个巨人之间的战斗留下的残骸，或者是一个心碎巨人的眼泪，但科学家们认为，它们是在侵蚀和构造过程的组合下经过很长一段时间形成的。

菊石亚纲壳体的横截面 Cross-section of a fossilized ammonite shell (© Marianna Armata/Getty Images)

Fibonacci Day

It's a bit of a fib that Fibonacci, the 13th-century Italian math whiz, was the first to sketch out a number sequence by adding each number to the preceding number: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, and so on forever. In fact, Hindu scholars described the sequence centuries before Fibonacci, and they probably weren't the first to figure it out either. But in any case, each November 23—that is, 11/23—we celebrate the infinite series known as the Fibonacci sequence.

What is clear—maybe, if you can picture it: If you properly arrange squares of the areas 1x1, 1x1, 2x2, 3x3, 5x5, 8x8, etc., on graphing paper, a curved line drawn through each square will form a perfect expanding spiral not unlike the ammonite fossil cross-sectioned here. Not every spiral in nature expresses a perfect Fibonacci sequence, but nature does seem to have a thing for spirals. And in that sense the Fibonacci sequence seems especially elegant.

斐波那契日

13世纪的意大利数学天才斐波那契，是第一个通过把每个数字加在前面的数字上来勾勒出一个数字序列的人：1，1，2，3，5，8，13，等等。事实上，印度教学者在斐波那契之前几个世纪就已经描述了这个序列，他们可能也不是第一个发现这个序列的人。但在任何情况下，每年11月23日，也就是11月23日，我们都庆祝被称为斐波那契数列的无限级数。

如果你能想象的话，可能有一点是清楚的：如果你在绘图纸上正确地排列1x1、1x1、2x2、3x3、5x5、8x8等区域的正方形，通过每个正方形绘制的曲线将形成一个完美的膨胀螺旋，这与这里的菊石化石横截面不同。并不是自然界中的每一条螺旋都表达了一个完美的斐波那契数列，但自然界似乎确实有一个螺旋的东西。从这个意义上说，斐波那契数列似乎特别优雅。

伊吕波坂山道，日本日光市 Irohazaka road near Nikko, Japan (© LightRecords/Shutterstock)

Irohazaka road

If you've ever wanted to learn written Japanese, a joy ride on this undulating uphill road offers an unexpected tutorial. These hairpin turns in our photo are just eight of the 48 curves you'll negotiate on your way up and down Irohazaka road, a scenic loop in the highlands outside the city of Nikkō. That's one switchback for each of the 48 hiragana symbols in an ancient Japanese writing system, with each marked by a sign showing one symbol. Not a bad visual aid for the still-learning visitor!

Irohazaka路

如果你曾经想学习日语书面语，在这条起伏的上坡路上愉快地骑着车，你会得到意想不到的指导。在我们的照片中，这些发夹形转弯仅仅是48条弯道中的8条，你将在沿Irohazaka路（Nikkō城外高地上的一个风景优美的环路）上通过。在古代日本书写系统中，48个平假名符号中的每一个都有一个切换，每个符号都有一个符号。对于仍在学习的访客来说，这是一个不错的视觉辅助工具！

The Great Glen

Was this photo taken in a peppermint forest? This rare and delicate hoarfrost may look like a confectioner's coating, but it's just the ice that forms when the Scottish Highlands' fog mixes perfectly with a sharp cold snap.

We're in a storied section of Scotland—sort of a lowland of the Highlands—called the Great Glen. This deep valley runs 62 miles coast to coast—from a North Sea inlet on the east to Loch Linnhe on the west. The Great Glen's gentle slopes enclose fairytale forests like these as well as quaint villages and lochs—including nearby Invergarry and Loch Oich, respectively.

大峡谷

这张照片是在薄荷林里拍的吗？这种罕见而微妙的白霜看起来像糖果店的外衣，但它只是当苏格兰高地的雾与刺骨的寒流完美混合时形成的冰。

我们在苏格兰的一个历史悠久的地区，有点像高地的低地，叫做大峡谷。这个深谷从东到西从北海的一个海湾到林河湖，沿海岸延伸62英里。大峡谷的缓坡环绕着童话般的森林，还有古雅的村庄和湖泊，包括附近的因弗加里湖和奥奇湖。

莫利森艺术家塞佩的《新呼吸》, 瑞士格鲁埃河畔 'A New Breath' by artist Saype in Moléson-sur-Gruyères, Switzerland (© Valentin Flauraud/Shutterstock)

World Children's Day

For World Children's Day, we're featuring an aerial view of a larger-than-life painting next to the summit of the Moléson in the Swiss Prealps. The 16,000-square-foot fresco is titled 'Un Nouveau Souffle' (A New Breath) and depicts a child blowing clouds toward the horizon. It was created by French-Swiss artist Saype—real name Guillaume Legros—who is known for his grassy graffiti around the world. The eco-friendly artist uses biodegradable paints made from natural pigments such as coal and chalk, so by the time you read this, his land art will have already disappeared into the soil.

Saype's mountaintop mural aims to inspire childlike wonder, which is an apt message for World Children's Day. Though there are numerous Children's Day celebrations around the globe, and on varying dates, the United Nations created World Children's Day—observed every November 20—to celebrate kids worldwide and to promote their welfare.

Perhaps you can recall picking out shapes and pictures in the clouds as they drifted by when you were young. Why not turn that fuzzy feeling into action and find out how you can help build a better future for children. Just like watching clouds, all you need is a little imagination.

世界儿童节

为了庆祝世界儿童节，我们将在瑞士公园的莫利森峰旁鸟瞰一幅超凡脱俗的油画。这幅16000平方英尺的壁画名为“新口味的蛋奶酥”（一种新气息），描绘了一个孩子将云朵吹向地平线。它是由法国瑞士艺术家赛义普（Saype）创作的，真名纪尧姆·勒格罗斯（Guillaume Legros），他以其草草涂鸦闻名于世。这位环保艺术家使用由煤和白垩等天然颜料制成的可生物降解的颜料，所以当你读到这篇文章时，他的土地艺术已经消失在土壤中。

Saype的山顶壁画旨在激发孩子般的好奇心，这是世界儿童节的一个恰当信息。尽管全球各地都有许多儿童节庆祝活动，而且日期各不相同，但联合国还是在每年11月20日设立了世界儿童节，以庆祝全世界的儿童并促进他们的福利。

也许你还记得，当你年轻的时候，在云层中飘过的形状和图片中挑选出来的。为什么不把这种模糊的感觉转化为行动，看看你能如何帮助孩子们建立一个更美好的未来。就像看云一样，你只需要一点想象力。