标签美国下的文章

加勒廷国家森林里的小溪，美国蒙大拿州 Hyalite Creek in the Custer Gallatin National Forest, Montana (© Jared Lloyd/Getty Images)

垂钓者的天堂 An angler's paradise

Hyalite Creek at Custer-Gallatin National Forest, Montana

Today we're taking a little fishing trip just south of Bozeman, Montana, to Hyalite Creek, which runs through Custer Gallatin National Forest. This is one of the most heavily visited recreation areas in Montana, especially for those who like to fish. Late 1800s logging operations in the surrounding forest damaged the habitat for trout in Hyalite Creek, but stream restoration projects have increased trout populations to such an extent that this is now considered a world-class destination for fly fishing.

Even if you're not the fishing type, the ecologically diverse landscapes of Custer Gallatin National Forest will delight most any visitor. Stretching across more than 3 million acres, there's plenty of hiking, camping, and mountain climbing to be had. If you're up for something a little different, hop over to Grasshopper Glacier in the Beartooth Mountains. Entombed inside the ice are millions of the now extinct Rocky Mountain locusts that were trapped long ago while swarming during severe storms.

蒙大拿州卡斯特加拉廷国家森林的Hyalite溪

今天，我们将在蒙大拿州博兹曼南部进行一次小钓鱼之旅，前往穿过卡斯特加拉廷国家森林的Hyalite Creek。这是蒙大拿州游客最多的休闲区之一，尤其是对于那些喜欢钓鱼的人来说。19世纪后期，在周围森林进行的伐木作业破坏了Hyalite Creek鳟鱼的栖息地，但河流恢复项目增加了鳟鱼的数量，以至于现在这里被认为是世界级的飞钓目的地。

即使你不是钓鱼爱好者，卡斯特·加拉廷国家森林的生态多样性景观也会让所有游客感到愉悦。绵延300多万英亩，有大量的徒步旅行、露营和登山活动。如果你想做一些不同的事情，那就跳到Beartooth山脉的Grasshopper Glacier。数百万现已灭绝的落基山脉蝗虫被埋在冰中，这些蝗虫很久以前就被困在暴风雨中成群结队。

金门大桥和马林岬角，美国加利福尼亚州 Golden Gate Bridge and Marin Headlands photographed from Golden Gate Overlook in San Francisco, California (© Jeff Lewis/Tandem Stills + Motion)

没有哪儿比这里更能代表旧金山… Nothing says 'San Francisco' quite like...

Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco

Few structures achieve the status of the Golden Gate Bridge—so recognizable that it needs no introduction. Opened on this day in 1937, the bridge was a marvel of engineering, built to withstand ferocious winds above and swirling currents below. Its construction was embraced by the local population because it would finally connect the rising metropolis of San Francisco to communities in Marin County and all that lay north. Before the bridge was completed, a ferry was the only way across the Golden Gate, the mile-wide strait that connects the Pacific Ocean to San Francisco Bay. Building a bridge to cross the span would be no small feat, and many thought it impossible.

Financing for the construction was another hurtle and was put further at risk with the Great Crash of 1929. But eventually voters in the Bay Area supported a bond measure worth $35 million ($473 million today), using their homes, farms, and business properties as collateral—the infusion of cash allowed construction to begin in 1933. In the midst of the Great Depression, the bridge became a jobs generator, putting 2,000 men to work. In four years they completed the engineering triumph ahead of schedule and under budget.

Its two towers rise to 755 feet above the water, and the span suspended between them is 4,200 feet long, which made it the longest suspension bridge in the world upon its completion. Seventeen longer suspension bridges have since been built (most of them in China), but the Golden Gate remains the star among them, considered the most beautiful, most photographed, a symbol of American style and ingenuity, and a calling card for a city. There are few better reasons to leave your heart in San Francisco.

旧金山金门大桥

很少有建筑能达到金门大桥的地位，因此不需要引入。这座桥于1937年的今天开通，是一座工程奇迹，它的建造可以抵御上方的狂风和下方的涡流。它的建设受到了当地居民的欢迎，因为它最终将连接旧金山这座正在崛起的大都市与马林县以及所有北部地区的社区。在大桥建成之前，渡船是穿越金门的唯一途径，金门是连接太平洋和旧金山湾的一英里宽的海峡。建造一座横跨这座桥将是一项不小的壮举，许多人认为这是不可能的。

建筑融资是另一个突如其来的问题，1929年的大崩盘使其面临更大的风险。但最终，海湾地区的选民支持一项价值3500万美元（今天为4.73亿美元）的债券措施，将他们的房屋、农场和商业地产作为抵押品。1933年，注入的现金使建设得以开始。在大萧条期间，这座桥创造了就业机会，使2000人就业。在四年内，他们在预算内提前完成了工程胜利。

它的两座塔楼高出水面755英尺，两座塔楼之间的跨度为4200英尺，建成后成为世界上最长的悬索桥。自那以后，已经建造了17座更长的吊桥（大部分在中国），但金门仍然是其中的明星，被认为是最美丽、拍照最多的吊桥，是美国风格和创造力的象征，也是城市的名片。没有什么更好的理由可以把你的心留在旧金山。

春天的豹溪瀑布，吉福德·平肖国家森林，美国华盛顿州 Panther Creek Falls in spring, Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Washington (© Stephen Matera/Tandem Stills + Motion)

拥有6000年历史的大森林 A large forest with 6,000 of years of history

Gifford Pinchot National Forest

Today we're paying a visit to an 'elder statesman' of the United States' national forests. Seen in today's photo is Panther Creek Falls at Gifford Pinchot National Forest in Washington state. Officially, the forest was named in 1949 in honor of Pinchot, the first head of the US Forest Service. Located between Mount St. Helens to the west and Mount Adams to the east, the land was set aside as a place worth preserving as far back as 1897. But people had been living in the forest for more than 6,000 years. Archaeologists continue to make discoveries within the dense forest that teach us about the past lives of Native Americans.

Spanning 1.3 million acres, GPNF exhibits an array of natural wonders: forests, wildlife, mountains, and numerous rivers and lakes that offer excellent fishing. Goose Lake is said to be the best fishing hole in the state. The forest is known as a native habitat for several threatened species, like the spotted owl, bull trout, and chinook salmon. One of the largest known Ponderosa pines in the world rose 202 feet at the base of Mount Adams before its death in 2015. The grounds also include the 110,000-acre Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument, established in 1982.

吉福德平肖国家森林

今天我们要拜访美国国家森林的一位“资深政治家”。在今天的照片中可以看到华盛顿州吉福德平肖国家森林的豹溪瀑布。该森林于1949年正式命名，以纪念美国林业局第一任局长平肖。这片土地位于西面的圣海伦斯山和东面的亚当斯山之间，早在1897年就被作为一个值得保护的地方保留下来。但是人们已经在森林里生活了6000多年。考古学家继续在茂密的森林中进行发现，让我们了解美洲原住民的过去生活。

GPNF占地130万英亩，展示了一系列自然奇观：森林、野生动物、山脉，以及无数河流和湖泊，这些河流和湖泊提供了极好的渔业。鹅湖据说是该州最好的渔场。这片森林被称为几种濒危物种的原生栖息地，如斑点猫头鹰、牛鳟鱼和奇努克鲑鱼。2015年亚当斯山死亡前，世界上已知最大的黄松之一在亚当斯山的底部上升了202英尺。场地还包括建于1982年的占地11万英亩的圣海伦斯山国家火山纪念碑。

梅萨维德国家公园的方形塔楼，美国科罗拉多州 Square Tower House in Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado (© lightphoto/Getty Images)

普韦布洛城堡 Castle of the Ancestral Puebloans

Square Tower House in Mesa Verde National Park

We continue our celebration of National Park Week (through April 24)–and the UNESCO International Day for Monuments and Sites–with a visit to the impressive Square Tower House in Mesa Verde National Park. Square Tower House is one of many cliff dwellings constructed by the Ancestral Puebloans in what is now the American Southwest. At 27 feet, it's the tallest structure in the park. Square Tower House is also notable for its kiva, a round, sunken room used for ceremonies. Unlike most of the ancient kivas found in the region, the kiva at Square Tower House has an intact original clay roof supported by wooden beams.

Ancestral Puebloans lived in today's Four Corners region, where the borders of Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico meet at a single point. It's unclear when exactly this culture emerged, but the current consensus is that the Ancestral Puebloans appeared in this area a little more than 3,000 years ago. They're believed to have built the series of cliff dwellings for defensive reasons as various factions competed for scarce resources when the region suffered from a prolonged drought. It's thought that the changing climate eventually became so severe that it likely drove them from the cliff dwellings sometime around 1300 CE, just a century or so after construction began. Today, many of the cliff dwellings have been restored and visitors can view the homes and kivas of the builders.

梅萨维德国家公园的方形塔楼

我们继续庆祝国家公园周（至4月24日）——以及联合国教科文组织纪念物和遗址国际日——参观梅萨维德国家公园令人印象深刻的方形塔楼。方塔住宅是普埃布劳恩斯家族在现在的美国西南部建造的众多悬崖住宅之一。它高27英尺，是公园里最高的建筑。方形塔楼房屋也因其kiva而著名，kiva是一个圆形的下沉式房间，用于举行仪式。与该地区发现的大多数古代基瓦不同，广场塔楼的基瓦房屋有一个完整的原始粘土屋顶，由木梁支撑。

普韦布劳恩斯的祖先生活在今天的四角地区，科罗拉多州、犹他州、亚利桑那州和新墨西哥州的边界在这里交汇。目前尚不清楚这种文化是什么时候出现的，但目前的共识是，祖先普韦布洛人在3000多年前就出现在这个地区。据信，当该地区遭受长期干旱时，各派系为了争夺稀缺资源，出于防御原因，他们修建了一系列悬崖住宅。据认为，气候变化最终变得如此严重，可能在公元1300年左右的某个时候，也就是建筑开始后的一个世纪左右，将他们赶出悬崖住宅。如今，许多悬崖上的住宅已经修复，游客可以看到建筑商的房屋和地窖。

黄石国家公园的大棱镜泉鸟瞰图，美国怀俄明州 Aerial view of Grand Prismatic Spring, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming (© AirPano LLC/Amazing Aerial Agency)

“美国最好的想法”起源于此 'America's best idea' began here

National Park Week begins

Only a very small percentage of Yellowstone's total visitors see the park when it looks like this. In winter, when the park grows quiet, its hydrothermal features really stand out, like the rainbow-hued Grand Prismatic Spring near the center of this image, the most photographed feature in Yellowstone.

Just the inspiration we need as we start National Park Week, an occasion to celebrate the splendor of our park system and turn to thoughts of hiking, paddling, and camping. The 'Week' is actually a bit longer, starting today and running through Sunday, April 24. Yellowstone was established by congress 150 years ago as the nation's first national park. Today, there are 63, and they include the volcanoes of Hawaii, the giant sequoias of California, the Grand Canyon, and the desolate moonscape of the Badlands.

Perhaps no national park better captures the American landscape than Yellowstone, 3,500 square miles of lakes, canyons, rivers, mountains, waterfalls, hot springs, and its charismatic megafauna—bison, wolves, elk, and grizzly bears. But it's Yellowstone's hydrothermal sites that really set it apart. Old Faithful might be the most famous, but it's only one of 10,000 around here. Although the park is still chilly in April, you'll have the place mostly to yourselves. Only about 44,000 visit Yellowstone in April, compared to the nearly 1 million who gather each July. If you need more incentive, entrance fees today, in honor of National Park Week, are on the house.

国家公园周开始

当黄石公园看起来像这样时，只有很小比例的游客参观了它。在冬天，当公园变得安静时，它的热液特征真的很突出，比如这张图片中心附近彩虹色的大棱柱形泉水，这是黄石公园拍摄最多的特征。

这正是我们开始国家公园周时所需要的灵感。国家公园周是一个庆祝我们公园系统辉煌的时刻，我们可以考虑徒步旅行、划船和露营。“一周”实际上要长一点，从今天开始，一直持续到4月24日周日。黄石公园是美国国会在150年前建立的第一个国家公园。如今，这里有63座火山，其中包括夏威夷的火山、加利福尼亚州的巨大红杉、大峡谷和荒地荒凉的月球景观。

也许没有哪个国家公园能比黄石公园更好地捕捉到美国的风景。黄石公园有3500平方英里的湖泊、峡谷、河流、山脉、瀑布、温泉，以及迷人的大型动物群——野牛、狼、麋鹿和灰熊。但真正让它与众不同的是黄石公园的热液遗址。老忠实可能是最有名的，但它只是这里一万个中的一个。虽然四月份公园里仍然很冷，但你可以独处。4月份只有大约4.4万人参观黄石公园，而每年7月有近100万人聚集在这里。如果你需要更多的奖励，为了纪念国家公园周，今天的入场费是免费的。

科罗拉多河上的马蹄湾，美国亚利桑那州 Horseshoe Bend, Arizona (© Michael Dunn/Getty Images)

打卡马蹄湾会带来好运吗？ Does this horseshoe bring good luck?

Horseshoe Bend, Arizona

Grab your boots and gear, today we're heading to Arizona to hike out to Horseshoe Bend. Known as the 'east rim of the Grand Canyon,' it's actually about 140 miles from the other rims and is really more a part of nearby Glen Canyon. Scientifically, the beautiful view exists thanks to something called an 'entrenched meander.' Around six million years ago, the area was closer to sea level. The Colorado River, following the path of least resistance, meandered and became trapped when the Colorado Plateau uplifted around five million years ago. Over time, the river water cut through exposed sandstone, forming the thousand-foot-deep, 270-degree horseshoe-shaped bend.

Horseshoe Bend used to be a locally loved gem until social media came around to spread photos like this one. Now, nearly two million tourists a year hike to this national splendor. It's believed that, eventually, the Colorado River will cut through the neck of the bend. So, if you want your selfie with the horseshoe, you only have another million years, give or take.

亚利桑那州马蹄湾

带上你们的靴子和装备，今天我们要去亚利桑那州徒步去马蹄弯。它被称为“大峡谷的东边缘”，实际上距离其他边缘约140英里，实际上更像是附近格伦峡谷的一部分。从科学角度讲，这美丽的景色之所以存在，是因为有一种叫做“根深蒂固的曲流”的东西大约600万年前，该地区接近海平面。科罗拉多河沿着阻力最小的路径蜿蜒而行，在大约500万年前科罗拉多高原抬升时陷入困境。随着时间的推移，河水穿过裸露的砂岩，形成了千英尺深、270度马蹄形的弯曲。

马蹄弯曾经是当地人喜爱的珍宝，直到社交媒体开始传播像这样的照片。现在，每年有近200万游客徒步前往这个国家的辉煌。据信，科罗拉多河最终将穿过弯道的颈部。所以，如果你想在马蹄铁上自拍，你只能再活一百万年，不管付出与否。

光绘摄影下的滑板公园，美国阿瓦达市 Arvada Skatepark, Arvada, Colorado (© Jon Paciaroni/Getty Images)

与光同行 Go with the glow

Light show at the skatepark

The art of light painting combines with the artistry of skateboarding to bring you this provocative image from Arvada Skatepark in Colorado. At 40,000 square feet, the park, which opened in 2012, is the third-largest in the country. The massive park includes a snake run, large bowl, medium bowl, street plaza with manual pads, banks, granite pieces, ledges, rails, step ups, stair set, benches, Jersey barrier, brick stamped china bank, and a pyramid. And if you know what all those things are, you're probably a steezy sk8r.

This image was created using a technique called 'light painting,' a photographic technique that involves moving a light source while taking a long-exposure photograph. In this way, the artist can 'draw' with light on the photo. How would you imagine the artist created this image?

滑板公园灯光秀

光绘艺术与滑板艺术相结合，为您带来这张来自科罗拉多州阿瓦达滑板公园的挑衅性图片。该公园占地40000平方英尺，于2012年开放，是美国第三大公园。这座大型公园包括一条蛇径、大碗、中碗、带手动垫的街道广场、银行、花岗岩块、壁架、栏杆、台阶、楼梯组、长凳、球衣护栏、砖印中国银行和金字塔。如果你知道这些都是什么，你很可能就是steezy sk8r。

这张照片是用一种叫做“光绘”的技术拍摄的，这是一种摄影技术，在拍摄长曝光照片时移动光源。这样，艺术家就可以在照片上用光线“画画”。你认为艺术家是如何创造这幅图像的？

什么是地球上最珍贵的资源？ Earth's most precious resource?

World Water Day

You can almost hear the crash and feel the spray of this pristine cluster of waterfalls in southern Idaho. Could there be a better place to celebrate World Water Day? Since 1993, the UN has dedicated March 22 to advocate for sustainable management of freshwater resources and bring attention to topics relevant to clean water, sanitation, and hygiene. Each year has emphasized a different aspect of this critical resource, with themes like 'Valuing Water,' 'Water and Climate Change,' 'Water and Jobs,' and 'Why Waste Water?' This year's theme is 'Groundwater—Making the Invisible Visible.'

Groundwater surfaces in spectacular fashion here at Thousand Springs State Park, located in a beautiful corner of Idaho—the aptly named Magic Valley. The springs here are fed by the Eastern Snake Plain Aquifer, one of the largest aquifers in the United States, about the size of Lake Erie. The groundwater in the aquifer travels from its source just 1 to 10 feet per day and can take 150 to 250 years to flow into Thousand Springs and the Snake River.

世界水日

你几乎可以听到撞击声，感受到爱达荷州南部这片原始瀑布群的喷射声。有更好的地方庆祝世界水日吗？自1993年以来，联合国一直致力于3月22日倡导淡水资源的可持续管理，并提请人们注意与清洁水、卫生和个人卫生相关的话题。每年都会强调这一关键资源的不同方面，主题包括“重视水”、“水与气候变化”、“水与就业”以及“为什么要浪费水？”今年的主题是“地下水让看不见的东西看得见”

千泉州立公园位于爱达荷州一个美丽的角落，名字恰如其分的魔法谷，这里的地下水以壮观的方式浮出水面。这里的泉水来自东部蛇平原含水层，这是美国最大的含水层之一，大约有伊利湖那么大。含水层中的地下水每天从源头流出仅1至10英尺，需要150至250年才能流入千泉和蛇河。

城市网格传递了这一天象 The city grid delivers this celestial phenomenon

Chicagohenge

During the fall and spring equinox, the celestial phenomenon known as Chicagohenge occurs when the sun rises or sets directly between the buildings lining Chicago's west- and east-facing streets. The city's almost perfectly aligned grid is responsible for the event.

During the equinox, the northern and southern hemispheres receive an equal amount of sunlight, and the sun rises and sets directly to the east and west. As it happens, Chicago's grid is aligned with the cardinal directions on a compass, a handy fact to know anytime you're walking in the city.

It might be easy to lose touch with the natural cycles of the planet when you live in a concrete jungle, but at least twice a year, Chicagohenge reminds city dwellers exactly where this third rock from the sun is spinning.

芝加哥城

在秋分和春分期间，当太阳在芝加哥西面和东面街道两旁的建筑之间直接升起或落下时，就会出现被称为芝加哥柱的天象。这座城市几乎完全对齐的网格是这次活动的主因。

在春分期间，南北半球接收等量的阳光，太阳从东到西直接升起和落下。碰巧的是，芝加哥的网格与指南针上的基本方向对齐，这是一个方便的事实，你在城市中行走的任何时候都可以知道。

当你生活在混凝土丛林中时，可能很容易与地球的自然循环失去联系，但芝加哥恒河每年至少两次提醒城市居民，太阳的第三块岩石正在旋转的确切位置。

生机盎然的酢浆草和红杉树，美国大草原溪红杉州立公园 Coastal redwoods and wood sorrel, Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park, California (© Jack Dykinga/Minden Pictures)

有四叶草吗？ Any with four leaves?

St. Patrick's Day

Ireland has been called the land of '40 shades of green,' but this green leprechaun's-eye view comes from the feet of California's giant sequoias. Today we celebrate St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland, who famously never traveled to California. St. Patrick is often depicted holding a shamrock, which he purportedly used to spread Christianity in Ireland by saying the leaves illustrated the Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit of the Holy Trinity. Never mind that Celtic druids had revered the sacred shamrock and its three leaves long before Patrick's arrival. Coins depicting St. Patrick with a shamrock date back as far as 1675.

Legends of St. Patrick abound. For example, he's said to have driven the snakes out of Ireland, but most experts would suggest it was the cool, damp weather that kept the serpents from ever arriving there in the first place. Tradition has it that he died on March 17 of the year 461 CE, and one can only assume that a year later the first green beer was served.

Whether you find yourself in Dublin, the California coast, or any point in between today, we leave you with a traditional Irish toast: 'May your glass be ever full. May the roof over your head be always strong. And may you be in heaven half an hour before the devil knows you're dead.'

圣帕特里克节

爱尔兰被称为“40种绿荫之地”，但这张绿色小妖精的视线来自加利福尼亚州巨大红杉的脚下。今天，我们庆祝爱尔兰的守护神圣帕特里克，他以从未去过加利福尼亚而闻名。圣帕特里克经常被描绘成手持三叶草，据说他用三叶草在爱尔兰传播基督教，说三叶草描绘了圣父、圣子和三位一体的圣灵。在帕特里克到来之前很久，凯尔特德鲁伊就已经崇敬了神圣的三叶草和它的三片叶子。描绘圣帕特里克和三叶草的硬币可以追溯到1675年。

圣帕特里克的传说比比皆是。例如，据说他把蛇赶出了爱尔兰，但大多数专家认为，正是凉爽潮湿的天气阻止了蛇从一开始就到达那里。按照传统，他于公元461年3月17日去世，人们只能假设一年后，第一瓶绿色啤酒出现了。

无论你是在都柏林、加利福尼亚海岸，还是在这两者之间的任何时刻，我们都会给你一个传统的爱尔兰祝酒词：“愿你的酒杯永远充满。”。愿你头上的屋顶永远坚固。愿你在魔鬼知道你死前半小时就到了天堂。

星空迷