标签美国下的文章

北狼丘里的"波浪谷"，美国亚利桑那州 'The Wave' sandstone formation in Coyote Buttes North, Paria Canyon-Vermilion Cliffs National Monument, Arizona (© Dennis Frates/Alamy)

乘风破浪 Ride the wave

The Wave at Coyote Buttes

By showing you this coveted sight, we're saving you a bit of an ordeal. For a close-up view like this of 'The Wave,' a whorled sandstone formation in the northern Arizona wilderness, you'd have to navigate a rugged and mostly trail-free hiking route in typically scorching temperatures. You'd also need to have a permit in your pocket. To protect the landscape, only a small number are available, offered through a daily lottery. But maybe for you the journey is at least as important as the destination? If so, this is just one hike of many in the expansive Paria Canyon-Vermilion Cliffs National Monument, which protects more than 100,000 acres of Arizona and Utah canyonland.

郊狼丘上的波浪

通过向你们展示这一令人垂涎的景象，我们为你们省去了一点磨难。要想近距离拍摄“The Wave”，这是亚利桑那州北部荒野中的一个螺纹砂岩地层，你必须在典型的酷热天气下，沿着崎岖不平、几乎没有足迹的徒步路线行走。你还需要口袋里有许可证。为了保护景观，只有少数人可以通过每日彩票获得。但也许对你来说，旅程至少和目的地一样重要？如果是这样的话，这只是帕里亚峡谷朱红色悬崖国家纪念碑中众多徒步旅行中的一次，该纪念碑保护着亚利桑那州和犹他州超过10万英亩的峡谷地。

山下盛开的箭叶脂根菊，美国大提顿国家公园 Balsamroot wildflowers bloom below the Teton Mountains in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming (© Mike Cavaroc/Tandem Stills + Motion)

壮丽的景色 A grand view

Grand Teton National Park

These arrowleaf balsamroot wildflowers, commonly known as Oregon sunflowers, have a grand view of the Grand Tetons from the valley below the towering range. The region's harsh weather means that only the hardiest of wildflowers can survive, and the bright yellow arrowheads fit the bill. The plants are drought tolerant, winter hardy, tenacious against trampling, and even fire resistant, with a taproot which regenerates leaves and flowers after the top has burned.

Located just 10 miles from Yellowstone National Park, Grand Teton National Park and the surrounding national forests constitute the almost 18-million-acre (28,000-square-mile) Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, one of the world's largest intact mid-latitude temperate ecosystems. There's something for every lover of the outdoors here, and the park is a popular destination for mountaineering, hiking, fishing, and other forms of recreation, with more than 1,000 drive-in campsites and over 200 miles of hiking trails that provide access to backcountry camping areas. Grand Teton National Park is one of the 10 most popular parks in the United States.

大提顿国家公园

这些箭叶香根野花，俗称俄勒冈州向日葵，从高耸山脉下方的山谷中可以俯瞰大提顿。该地区恶劣的天气意味着只有最顽强的野花才能生存，而明亮的黄色箭头正好符合这一要求。这些植物耐旱、耐寒、抗践踏、甚至耐火，主根在顶部燃烧后再生叶子和花朵。

大提顿国家公园距离黄石国家公园仅10英里，它和周围的国家森林构成了近1800万英亩（28000平方英里）的大黄石生态系统，是世界上最大的完整中纬度温带生态系统之一。这里有适合每一位户外爱好者的东西，公园是登山、徒步旅行、垂钓和其他娱乐形式的热门目的地，有1000多个免下车露营地和200多英里的徒步小道，可以进入偏远的露营区。大提顿国家公园是美国十大最受欢迎的公园之一。

大弯曲国家公园的塞拉庞塞和格兰德河边的悬崖，美国得克萨斯州 Cliffs of the Sierra Ponce and Rio Grande River, Big Bend National Park, Texas (© Tim Fitzharris/Minden Pictures)

奇瓦瓦沙漠中的一处偏远绿洲 A remote oasis in the Chihuahuan Desert

Big Bend National Park turns 78

Join us for a hike at one of America's least-visited national parks. Big Bend National Park may be among the country's largest national parks with an area of over 800,000 acres (about the area of Rhode Island), but it's also one of the most remote. Found in West Texas along the Rio Grande at the Mexico border, the park entrance is roughly a two-hour drive from the nearest interstate. The good thing is, even in a 'busy' year when half a million people visit, there's plenty of space to enjoy the great outdoors unhindered by crowds.

Added to the national park system on this day in 1944, Big Bend contains the largest protected area of the Chihuahuan Desert in the United States. It's also known for having the darkest night skies among the contiguous states. This makes it a 'must visit' for stargazing; thousands of stars are visible when the skies are clear, along with the Milky Way. If you head out for a hike, keep your eyes peeled for the 1,200 plant species in the park. There are also plenty of animals, though most of them tend to come out only at night. Except birds, that is. Birdwatching is incredibly popular at Big Bend–it's on the paths of annual migrations, so more than 450 different bird species have been cataloged here.

大弯国家公园78岁

加入我们，在美国游客最少的国家公园之一徒步旅行。大弯国家公园可能是美国最大的国家公园之一，面积超过800000英亩（大约相当于罗德岛的面积），但它也是最偏远的国家公园之一。公园入口位于得克萨斯州西部，沿墨西哥边境的格兰德河，距离最近的州际公路大约两小时车程。好消息是，即使是在50万人来访的“繁忙”年份，也有足够的空间来享受美妙的户外活动，不受人群的阻碍。

1944年的今天，大本德被纳入国家公园系统，是美国最大的奇瓦瓦沙漠保护区。它还因拥有邻近各州中最黑暗的夜空而闻名。这使得它成为观星的“必到之地”；当天空晴朗时，数千颗恒星与银河系一起可见。如果你要去远足，一定要留意公园里的1200种植物。这里也有很多动物，尽管它们大多只在晚上出来。就是说，除了鸟。大本德的观鸟活动非常受欢迎，因为每年都有鸟类迁徙，所以这里有450多种不同的鸟类。

加勒廷国家森林里的小溪，美国蒙大拿州 Hyalite Creek in the Custer Gallatin National Forest, Montana (© Jared Lloyd/Getty Images)

垂钓者的天堂 An angler's paradise

Hyalite Creek at Custer-Gallatin National Forest, Montana

Today we're taking a little fishing trip just south of Bozeman, Montana, to Hyalite Creek, which runs through Custer Gallatin National Forest. This is one of the most heavily visited recreation areas in Montana, especially for those who like to fish. Late 1800s logging operations in the surrounding forest damaged the habitat for trout in Hyalite Creek, but stream restoration projects have increased trout populations to such an extent that this is now considered a world-class destination for fly fishing.

Even if you're not the fishing type, the ecologically diverse landscapes of Custer Gallatin National Forest will delight most any visitor. Stretching across more than 3 million acres, there's plenty of hiking, camping, and mountain climbing to be had. If you're up for something a little different, hop over to Grasshopper Glacier in the Beartooth Mountains. Entombed inside the ice are millions of the now extinct Rocky Mountain locusts that were trapped long ago while swarming during severe storms.

蒙大拿州卡斯特加拉廷国家森林的Hyalite溪

今天，我们将在蒙大拿州博兹曼南部进行一次小钓鱼之旅，前往穿过卡斯特加拉廷国家森林的Hyalite Creek。这是蒙大拿州游客最多的休闲区之一，尤其是对于那些喜欢钓鱼的人来说。19世纪后期，在周围森林进行的伐木作业破坏了Hyalite Creek鳟鱼的栖息地，但河流恢复项目增加了鳟鱼的数量，以至于现在这里被认为是世界级的飞钓目的地。

即使你不是钓鱼爱好者，卡斯特·加拉廷国家森林的生态多样性景观也会让所有游客感到愉悦。绵延300多万英亩，有大量的徒步旅行、露营和登山活动。如果你想做一些不同的事情，那就跳到Beartooth山脉的Grasshopper Glacier。数百万现已灭绝的落基山脉蝗虫被埋在冰中，这些蝗虫很久以前就被困在暴风雨中成群结队。

金门大桥和马林岬角，美国加利福尼亚州 Golden Gate Bridge and Marin Headlands photographed from Golden Gate Overlook in San Francisco, California (© Jeff Lewis/Tandem Stills + Motion)

没有哪儿比这里更能代表旧金山… Nothing says 'San Francisco' quite like...

Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco

Few structures achieve the status of the Golden Gate Bridge—so recognizable that it needs no introduction. Opened on this day in 1937, the bridge was a marvel of engineering, built to withstand ferocious winds above and swirling currents below. Its construction was embraced by the local population because it would finally connect the rising metropolis of San Francisco to communities in Marin County and all that lay north. Before the bridge was completed, a ferry was the only way across the Golden Gate, the mile-wide strait that connects the Pacific Ocean to San Francisco Bay. Building a bridge to cross the span would be no small feat, and many thought it impossible.

Financing for the construction was another hurtle and was put further at risk with the Great Crash of 1929. But eventually voters in the Bay Area supported a bond measure worth $35 million ($473 million today), using their homes, farms, and business properties as collateral—the infusion of cash allowed construction to begin in 1933. In the midst of the Great Depression, the bridge became a jobs generator, putting 2,000 men to work. In four years they completed the engineering triumph ahead of schedule and under budget.

Its two towers rise to 755 feet above the water, and the span suspended between them is 4,200 feet long, which made it the longest suspension bridge in the world upon its completion. Seventeen longer suspension bridges have since been built (most of them in China), but the Golden Gate remains the star among them, considered the most beautiful, most photographed, a symbol of American style and ingenuity, and a calling card for a city. There are few better reasons to leave your heart in San Francisco.

旧金山金门大桥

很少有建筑能达到金门大桥的地位，因此不需要引入。这座桥于1937年的今天开通，是一座工程奇迹，它的建造可以抵御上方的狂风和下方的涡流。它的建设受到了当地居民的欢迎，因为它最终将连接旧金山这座正在崛起的大都市与马林县以及所有北部地区的社区。在大桥建成之前，渡船是穿越金门的唯一途径，金门是连接太平洋和旧金山湾的一英里宽的海峡。建造一座横跨这座桥将是一项不小的壮举，许多人认为这是不可能的。

建筑融资是另一个突如其来的问题，1929年的大崩盘使其面临更大的风险。但最终，海湾地区的选民支持一项价值3500万美元（今天为4.73亿美元）的债券措施，将他们的房屋、农场和商业地产作为抵押品。1933年，注入的现金使建设得以开始。在大萧条期间，这座桥创造了就业机会，使2000人就业。在四年内，他们在预算内提前完成了工程胜利。

它的两座塔楼高出水面755英尺，两座塔楼之间的跨度为4200英尺，建成后成为世界上最长的悬索桥。自那以后，已经建造了17座更长的吊桥（大部分在中国），但金门仍然是其中的明星，被认为是最美丽、拍照最多的吊桥，是美国风格和创造力的象征，也是城市的名片。没有什么更好的理由可以把你的心留在旧金山。

春天的豹溪瀑布，吉福德·平肖国家森林，美国华盛顿州 Panther Creek Falls in spring, Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Washington (© Stephen Matera/Tandem Stills + Motion)

拥有6000年历史的大森林 A large forest with 6,000 of years of history

Gifford Pinchot National Forest

Today we're paying a visit to an 'elder statesman' of the United States' national forests. Seen in today's photo is Panther Creek Falls at Gifford Pinchot National Forest in Washington state. Officially, the forest was named in 1949 in honor of Pinchot, the first head of the US Forest Service. Located between Mount St. Helens to the west and Mount Adams to the east, the land was set aside as a place worth preserving as far back as 1897. But people had been living in the forest for more than 6,000 years. Archaeologists continue to make discoveries within the dense forest that teach us about the past lives of Native Americans.

Spanning 1.3 million acres, GPNF exhibits an array of natural wonders: forests, wildlife, mountains, and numerous rivers and lakes that offer excellent fishing. Goose Lake is said to be the best fishing hole in the state. The forest is known as a native habitat for several threatened species, like the spotted owl, bull trout, and chinook salmon. One of the largest known Ponderosa pines in the world rose 202 feet at the base of Mount Adams before its death in 2015. The grounds also include the 110,000-acre Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument, established in 1982.

吉福德平肖国家森林

今天我们要拜访美国国家森林的一位“资深政治家”。在今天的照片中可以看到华盛顿州吉福德平肖国家森林的豹溪瀑布。该森林于1949年正式命名，以纪念美国林业局第一任局长平肖。这片土地位于西面的圣海伦斯山和东面的亚当斯山之间，早在1897年就被作为一个值得保护的地方保留下来。但是人们已经在森林里生活了6000多年。考古学家继续在茂密的森林中进行发现，让我们了解美洲原住民的过去生活。

GPNF占地130万英亩，展示了一系列自然奇观：森林、野生动物、山脉，以及无数河流和湖泊，这些河流和湖泊提供了极好的渔业。鹅湖据说是该州最好的渔场。这片森林被称为几种濒危物种的原生栖息地，如斑点猫头鹰、牛鳟鱼和奇努克鲑鱼。2015年亚当斯山死亡前，世界上已知最大的黄松之一在亚当斯山的底部上升了202英尺。场地还包括建于1982年的占地11万英亩的圣海伦斯山国家火山纪念碑。

梅萨维德国家公园的方形塔楼，美国科罗拉多州 Square Tower House in Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado (© lightphoto/Getty Images)

普韦布洛城堡 Castle of the Ancestral Puebloans

Square Tower House in Mesa Verde National Park

We continue our celebration of National Park Week (through April 24)–and the UNESCO International Day for Monuments and Sites–with a visit to the impressive Square Tower House in Mesa Verde National Park. Square Tower House is one of many cliff dwellings constructed by the Ancestral Puebloans in what is now the American Southwest. At 27 feet, it's the tallest structure in the park. Square Tower House is also notable for its kiva, a round, sunken room used for ceremonies. Unlike most of the ancient kivas found in the region, the kiva at Square Tower House has an intact original clay roof supported by wooden beams.

Ancestral Puebloans lived in today's Four Corners region, where the borders of Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico meet at a single point. It's unclear when exactly this culture emerged, but the current consensus is that the Ancestral Puebloans appeared in this area a little more than 3,000 years ago. They're believed to have built the series of cliff dwellings for defensive reasons as various factions competed for scarce resources when the region suffered from a prolonged drought. It's thought that the changing climate eventually became so severe that it likely drove them from the cliff dwellings sometime around 1300 CE, just a century or so after construction began. Today, many of the cliff dwellings have been restored and visitors can view the homes and kivas of the builders.

梅萨维德国家公园的方形塔楼

我们继续庆祝国家公园周（至4月24日）——以及联合国教科文组织纪念物和遗址国际日——参观梅萨维德国家公园令人印象深刻的方形塔楼。方塔住宅是普埃布劳恩斯家族在现在的美国西南部建造的众多悬崖住宅之一。它高27英尺，是公园里最高的建筑。方形塔楼房屋也因其kiva而著名，kiva是一个圆形的下沉式房间，用于举行仪式。与该地区发现的大多数古代基瓦不同，广场塔楼的基瓦房屋有一个完整的原始粘土屋顶，由木梁支撑。

普韦布劳恩斯的祖先生活在今天的四角地区，科罗拉多州、犹他州、亚利桑那州和新墨西哥州的边界在这里交汇。目前尚不清楚这种文化是什么时候出现的，但目前的共识是，祖先普韦布洛人在3000多年前就出现在这个地区。据信，当该地区遭受长期干旱时，各派系为了争夺稀缺资源，出于防御原因，他们修建了一系列悬崖住宅。据认为，气候变化最终变得如此严重，可能在公元1300年左右的某个时候，也就是建筑开始后的一个世纪左右，将他们赶出悬崖住宅。如今，许多悬崖上的住宅已经修复，游客可以看到建筑商的房屋和地窖。

黄石国家公园的大棱镜泉鸟瞰图，美国怀俄明州 Aerial view of Grand Prismatic Spring, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming (© AirPano LLC/Amazing Aerial Agency)

“美国最好的想法”起源于此 'America's best idea' began here

National Park Week begins

Only a very small percentage of Yellowstone's total visitors see the park when it looks like this. In winter, when the park grows quiet, its hydrothermal features really stand out, like the rainbow-hued Grand Prismatic Spring near the center of this image, the most photographed feature in Yellowstone.

Just the inspiration we need as we start National Park Week, an occasion to celebrate the splendor of our park system and turn to thoughts of hiking, paddling, and camping. The 'Week' is actually a bit longer, starting today and running through Sunday, April 24. Yellowstone was established by congress 150 years ago as the nation's first national park. Today, there are 63, and they include the volcanoes of Hawaii, the giant sequoias of California, the Grand Canyon, and the desolate moonscape of the Badlands.

Perhaps no national park better captures the American landscape than Yellowstone, 3,500 square miles of lakes, canyons, rivers, mountains, waterfalls, hot springs, and its charismatic megafauna—bison, wolves, elk, and grizzly bears. But it's Yellowstone's hydrothermal sites that really set it apart. Old Faithful might be the most famous, but it's only one of 10,000 around here. Although the park is still chilly in April, you'll have the place mostly to yourselves. Only about 44,000 visit Yellowstone in April, compared to the nearly 1 million who gather each July. If you need more incentive, entrance fees today, in honor of National Park Week, are on the house.

国家公园周开始

当黄石公园看起来像这样时，只有很小比例的游客参观了它。在冬天，当公园变得安静时，它的热液特征真的很突出，比如这张图片中心附近彩虹色的大棱柱形泉水，这是黄石公园拍摄最多的特征。

这正是我们开始国家公园周时所需要的灵感。国家公园周是一个庆祝我们公园系统辉煌的时刻，我们可以考虑徒步旅行、划船和露营。“一周”实际上要长一点，从今天开始，一直持续到4月24日周日。黄石公园是美国国会在150年前建立的第一个国家公园。如今，这里有63座火山，其中包括夏威夷的火山、加利福尼亚州的巨大红杉、大峡谷和荒地荒凉的月球景观。

也许没有哪个国家公园能比黄石公园更好地捕捉到美国的风景。黄石公园有3500平方英里的湖泊、峡谷、河流、山脉、瀑布、温泉，以及迷人的大型动物群——野牛、狼、麋鹿和灰熊。但真正让它与众不同的是黄石公园的热液遗址。老忠实可能是最有名的，但它只是这里一万个中的一个。虽然四月份公园里仍然很冷，但你可以独处。4月份只有大约4.4万人参观黄石公园，而每年7月有近100万人聚集在这里。如果你需要更多的奖励，为了纪念国家公园周，今天的入场费是免费的。

打卡马蹄湾会带来好运吗？ Does this horseshoe bring good luck?

Horseshoe Bend, Arizona

Grab your boots and gear, today we're heading to Arizona to hike out to Horseshoe Bend. Known as the 'east rim of the Grand Canyon,' it's actually about 140 miles from the other rims and is really more a part of nearby Glen Canyon. Scientifically, the beautiful view exists thanks to something called an 'entrenched meander.' Around six million years ago, the area was closer to sea level. The Colorado River, following the path of least resistance, meandered and became trapped when the Colorado Plateau uplifted around five million years ago. Over time, the river water cut through exposed sandstone, forming the thousand-foot-deep, 270-degree horseshoe-shaped bend.

Horseshoe Bend used to be a locally loved gem until social media came around to spread photos like this one. Now, nearly two million tourists a year hike to this national splendor. It's believed that, eventually, the Colorado River will cut through the neck of the bend. So, if you want your selfie with the horseshoe, you only have another million years, give or take.

亚利桑那州马蹄湾

带上你们的靴子和装备，今天我们要去亚利桑那州徒步去马蹄弯。它被称为“大峡谷的东边缘”，实际上距离其他边缘约140英里，实际上更像是附近格伦峡谷的一部分。从科学角度讲，这美丽的景色之所以存在，是因为有一种叫做“根深蒂固的曲流”的东西大约600万年前，该地区接近海平面。科罗拉多河沿着阻力最小的路径蜿蜒而行，在大约500万年前科罗拉多高原抬升时陷入困境。随着时间的推移，河水穿过裸露的砂岩，形成了千英尺深、270度马蹄形的弯曲。

马蹄弯曾经是当地人喜爱的珍宝，直到社交媒体开始传播像这样的照片。现在，每年有近200万游客徒步前往这个国家的辉煌。据信，科罗拉多河最终将穿过弯道的颈部。所以，如果你想在马蹄铁上自拍，你只能再活一百万年，不管付出与否。

与光同行 Go with the glow

Light show at the skatepark

The art of light painting combines with the artistry of skateboarding to bring you this provocative image from Arvada Skatepark in Colorado. At 40,000 square feet, the park, which opened in 2012, is the third-largest in the country. The massive park includes a snake run, large bowl, medium bowl, street plaza with manual pads, banks, granite pieces, ledges, rails, step ups, stair set, benches, Jersey barrier, brick stamped china bank, and a pyramid. And if you know what all those things are, you're probably a steezy sk8r.

This image was created using a technique called 'light painting,' a photographic technique that involves moving a light source while taking a long-exposure photograph. In this way, the artist can 'draw' with light on the photo. How would you imagine the artist created this image?

滑板公园灯光秀

光绘艺术与滑板艺术相结合，为您带来这张来自科罗拉多州阿瓦达滑板公园的挑衅性图片。该公园占地40000平方英尺，于2012年开放，是美国第三大公园。这座大型公园包括一条蛇径、大碗、中碗、带手动垫的街道广场、银行、花岗岩块、壁架、栏杆、台阶、楼梯组、长凳、球衣护栏、砖印中国银行和金字塔。如果你知道这些都是什么，你很可能就是steezy sk8r。

这张照片是用一种叫做“光绘”的技术拍摄的，这是一种摄影技术，在拍摄长曝光照片时移动光源。这样，艺术家就可以在照片上用光线“画画”。你认为艺术家是如何创造这幅图像的？

星空迷