标签佛罗里达下的文章

加斯帕里拉岛灯塔后导标灯, 博卡格兰德, 佛罗里达州, 美国 Gasparilla Island Rear Range Light, Boca Grande, Florida (© Wiltser/Getty Images)

海岸的密码

国家灯塔日

在GPS尚未为船只导航之前，灯塔就是航海者的重要领航标。每座灯塔都拥有独特的闪光模式，即使在漆黑的夜晚，水手们也能凭此确定自身所处的位置。今天是美国国家灯塔日，正是向这些沿海守护者致敬的良机。1789年，美国国会通过法案，规定所有灯塔由联邦政府统一维护。不论你是历史爱好者、海岸探险者，还是单纯钟爱经典工程建筑的人，这一天都值得你去深入了解灯塔的故事，或与亲朋好友一同参观灯塔。

如同世界上许多灯塔一样，佛罗里达州的加斯帕里拉岛灯塔至今仍屹立于海岸。今日图片中所示的加斯帕里拉岛后方灯塔，有着一段曲折的历史。它最初在特拉华州组装，1927年迁至此地。然而在2014年，这座灯塔被美国海岸警卫队废弃。所幸，这座灯塔在2017年经过修复，2018年再次点亮。如今，它每六秒闪烁一次白光。这两座灯塔均已被列入美国国家史迹名录。灯塔周边区域及其博物馆在特定季节对外开放，向人们讲述这片海域的航运历史。

National Lighthouse Day

Before GPS told ships where to go, lighthouses lit the way—each with its own flash pattern so sailors could figure out where they were, even in total darkness. It's National Lighthouse Day, a perfect excuse to give these coastal workhorses some credit. In 1789, Congress passed a law to make sure all lighthouses were taken care of by the federal government. Whether you're a history buff, coastal explorer, or just into old engineering, today is a great day to learn more about lighthouses or visit one with your friends and family.

Like many lighthouses around the world, Florida's Gasparilla Island Lights still hold their ground. The Gasparilla Island Rear Range Light, seen in today's image, has had quite a journey. Originally assembled in Delaware, it found its forever home here in 1927 but was decommissioned by the Coast Guard in 2014. The lighthouse was restored to its former glory in 2017 and was switched on again in 2018. Today, it blinks white every six seconds. Both lights are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The lighthouse grounds and museum are open to visitors seasonally, offering insights into the area's shipping past.

彩虹泉州立公园的彩虹河，佛罗里达州，美国 Rainbow River in Rainbow Springs State Park, Florida (© Michel Roggo/Minden Pictures)

彩虹河的清澈拥抱 The clear embrace of Rainbow River

彩虹泉州立公园的彩虹河，佛罗里达州，美国

坐落于佛罗里达州北部墨西哥湾沿岸的，是彩虹泉州立公园。数百年来，这片区域一直作为自然资源，为人类与动物所依赖。穿越公园蜿蜒流淌的彩虹河，正是其中的关键生态要素。河水源自佛罗里达州最大型的泉水之一彩虹泉，其水体汇集自770平方英里的广阔集水区，最终流入威特拉库奇河。

彩虹河清澈见底，全年水温恒定在72华氏度，非常适合游泳与浮潜。公园的历史可以追溯到19世纪80年代末，当时在该地区发现了硬岩磷矿，掀起了一场短暂而热烈的繁荣时期。受磷矿开采推动，一个名为朱丽叶的小型社区迅速在泉水周边发展起来。进入20世纪60年代，该地区逐渐转型为旅游胜地，推出了玻璃底船、单轨列车系统，甚至还有马术表演等游客娱乐项目。如今，游客可以探访这里的观赏花园、瀑布和步道，并近距离观察栖息于此的丰富野生动植物群落，感受这片水域的魅力。

Rainbow River, Rainbow Springs State Park, Florida

Nestled in the northern Gulf Coast of Florida, is Rainbow Springs State Park. This area has served as a natural resource for humans and animals for centuries, with the Rainbow River—flowing through the park—playing a major role. The gently winding waterway is fed by Rainbow Springs, one of Florida's largest springs. The water that bubbles up here comes from a 770-square-mile area and eventually flows into the Withlacoochee River.

The Rainbow River's transparent waters are perfect for swimming and snorkeling, and they maintain a constant temperature of 72°F year-round. The park's history dates to the late 1880s, when hard rock phosphate was discovered in the area, leading to a boomtown era. This period saw the rapid growth of a small community called Juliette near the springs, driven by the phosphate mining industry. During the 1960s, the park emerged as a popular tourist destination, featuring glass-bottom boat rides, a monorail system, and even a rodeo. Today, visitors can explore the ornamental gardens, waterfalls, and walking paths, and enjoy the diverse wildlife that calls Rainbow Springs home.

大沼泽地国家公园的鸟瞰图，佛罗里达州，美国 Aerial view of Everglades National Park, Florida (© Robert DelVecchio - OcuDrone/Getty Images)

草之河流 A river of grass

大沼泽地国家公园，佛罗里达州

我们是否曾设想，从高空俯瞰自身在这片广袤水域中的倒影？佛罗里达州的大沼泽地国家公园是美国最大的热带荒野，面积超过150万英亩。它保护了原始大沼泽地的南部20%，栖息着众多珍稀和濒危物种，包括佛罗里达美洲豹、美洲鳄以及西印度海牛。大沼泽地国家公园被称为“草之河”，其独特的生态系统由从奥基乔比湖缓慢流向佛罗里达湾的河流供养，是热带涉禽的重要繁殖地。这座国家公园不仅是美国的自然瑰宝，也具有重要的国际价值。它被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产、国际生物圈保护区以及国际重要湿地。

大沼泽地公园在水资源保护与防洪调蓄方面也发挥着至关重要的作用，其湿地系统如同天然过滤器，同时也是抵御风暴侵袭的重要缓冲区。当前，针对大沼泽地的保护与生态修复工作仍在持续推进，涵盖多个方面，包括应对入侵物种、改善水质及保护野生动物栖息地等关键举措。

Everglades National Park, Florida

Wouldn't it be great to see our reflection from above in this vast expanse of water? Everglades National Park, located in Florida, is the largest tropical wilderness in the US, spanning more than 1.5 million acres. It protects the southern 20% of the original Everglades and is home to numerous rare and endangered species, including the Florida panther, American crocodile, and West Indian manatee. Often referred to as the 'River of Grass,' the park's unique ecosystem, fed by a slow-moving river from Lake Okeechobee to Florida Bay, is a significant breeding ground for tropical wading birds. Everglades National Park is not only a national treasure but also an international one, recognized as a World Heritage Site, an International Biosphere Reserve, and a Wetland of International Importance.

The park also plays a crucial role in water conservation and flood control, as its wetlands serve as natural filters and buffers against storms. Efforts to preserve and restore the Everglades are ongoing, with numerous initiatives aimed at combating invasive species, improving water quality, and protecting wildlife habitats.

日出时的海滩，海湾岛国家海岸，佛罗里达，美国 Beach at sunrise, Gulf Islands National Seashore, Florida, USA (© Tim Fitzharris/Minden Pictures)

海湾群岛的光芒 Gulf Islands glow

海湾岛国家海岸，佛罗里达，美国

每年9月的第四个星期六是美国国家公共土地日，今天的主题是保护公共土地，无论是国家公园，还是城市绿地，都囊括其中。在这一天，许多联邦土地免收门票，那些参与清理或修复历史建筑等保护活动的人可以获得免费的入场券，用于今后游览这些地方。自1994年设立以来，这一节日已经有了长足的发展。首次庆祝活动由三个国家机构发起，吸引了700名志愿者。到2010年，志愿者人数已增至17万人，分布在大大小小2000多个地点。

在今天的照片中，海湾岛国家海岸横跨佛罗里达州和密西西比州的墨西哥湾沿岸屏障岛，为人们提供了丰富多彩的娱乐活动，并保留了重要的自然和历史遗迹。它建于1971年，拥有绵延数英里的白色沙滩，历史悠久的防御工事和丰富的野生动物栖息地。海岸包括密西西比州小布瓦和霍恩岛上4080英亩的荒野地区，可以保护这些地区独特的生态系统。

一片斜纹松和锯齿草大沼泽地国家公园，佛罗里达州，美国 A stand of slash pines and sawgrass prairie, Everglades National Park, Florida (© Jonathan Gewirtz/Tandem Stills + Motion)

欢迎来到大沼泽地 'Everglad' to be here

大沼泽地国家公园

90年前的今天，美国通过了一项法案，一个自然瑰宝也由此诞生：大沼泽地国家公园。这个位于佛罗里达州的公园囊括了美国最大的亚热带荒野。它占地150多万英亩，园区里生活着36种受联邦保护以及濒危的野生动物，如温顺的海牛、神秘的佛罗里达美洲豹。在这里，空气中回荡着350多种鸟类的叫声，如秧鹤、食螺鸢，水域中也是生机勃勃，有各种各样的鱼类，如锯盖鱼、红鱼，还有美洲鳄的身影。除了生物多样性之外，该公园还赢得了全球的认可，被联合国教科文组织评为世界遗产、国际生物圈保护区和国际重要湿地。因此，让我们向大沼泽地国家公园致敬！愿它可以继续为我们带来惊喜，并激发我们的好奇心以及欣赏周围野生世界的兴趣。

Everglades National Park marks 90 years

On this day 90 years ago, Congress passed an act that would lead to the creation of one of America's natural gems: Everglades National Park in Florida. It would be another 13 years before enough land was acquired to make the park a reality, but today it encapsulates the largest subtropical wilderness in the US. Spanning more than 1.5 million acres, the park is a lifeline to 36 federally protected and endangered wildlife species, from the gentle manatee to the stealthy Florida panther. Here, the air thrums with the calls of over 350 bird species like limpkins and snail kites, while the waters teem with life including hundreds of species of fish, sea turtles, and American crocodiles. Beyond its biodiversity, the park is celebrated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, an International Biosphere Reserve, and a Wetland of International Importance. Here's to Everglades National Park—may it continue to inspire wonder, curiosity, and appreciation for the wild world around us.

基韦斯特的七英里大桥，佛罗里达州，美国 Seven Mile Bridge in the Florida Keys (© Evgeny Vasenev/Cavan Images)

一把通向岛屿的钥匙 A key to island travel

七英里大桥，佛罗里达州，美国

很久很久以前，佛罗里达州住着一位富有的实业家，名叫亨利·弗拉格勒。他启动了一项艰巨的工程：修建一条连接佛罗里达大陆和基韦斯特的跨海铁路。最终，七英里桥于1912年正式落成，被称为世界第八大奇迹。然而，奇迹并不长久，1935年，这座大桥遭遇飓风从而停止了运营。后来，这座桥被卖给了美国政府，经历重建后摇身一变，成了一条汽车高速公路，于1938年重新开放。

如今，你若到访这座久负盛名的七英里桥，你会发现两座桥：一座是老七英里桥，仅对行人和骑自行车的人开放，另一座是于1982年建成的新七英里桥，用于车辆通行。好莱坞大片《杀人执照》和《真实的谎言》中都曾出现过这座桥的身影。

Overseas Highway, Florida Keys

Once upon a time, there lived a wealthy industrialist, Henry Flagler, who embarked on the herculean task of creating an overseas railway connecting mainland Florida to Key West. When it opened in 1912, it was dubbed the Eighth Wonder of the World. However, the triumph was short-lived. It was hit by a hurricane on Labor Day, 1935 and the railroad discontinued operations. The railway was sold to the US government and rebuilt as an automobile highway, opening in 1938.

These days, the Overseas Highway still stretches about 113 miles through the Florida Keys over 42 bridges, which jump from island to island over the Atlantic Ocean, Florida Bay, and the Gulf of Mexico. Many of the original bridges were replaced in 1982, including the longest, the Seven Mile Bridge pictured in the distance in our homepage image. Drivers crossing the Overseas Highway can still see remnants of some of the old bridges running alongside their replacements, including the Old Seven Mile Bridge, a section of which was renovated for cyclists and pedestrians. An engineering marvel, the ‘highway that goes to sea' has also featured in blockbusters like 'License to Kill' and 'True Lies.'

在一棵秃柏树上吊床露营，佛罗里达州，美国 Hammock camping in a bald cypress tree, Florida (© Mac Stone/Tandem Stills + Motion)

想出去玩吗？ Want to hang out?

在一棵秃柏树上吊床露营，佛罗里达州

传统的吊床是由中美洲人发明的，最初是用来在睡觉时保护自己免受危险的昆虫和动物的袭击。如今，吊床是一个用来增添乐趣的工具。由布料、网或绳子等各种各样的材料制作而成的吊床，是旅行者最好的伙伴。在佛罗里达州，秃柏树就是一个挂吊床的绝佳去处。

National Hammock Day

It’s National Hammock Day! A day to slowly unwind while rocking gently from side to side. These days, hammocks are associated with summer relaxation, but they were originally developed by Central Americans to protect them from dangerous insects and animals. Today the hammock is a traveler's best buddy, made from a variety of materials like fabric, netting, or rope. But where best to hang it? Florida boasts some beautiful hammock hang-out spots, like the bald cypress tree pictured on our homepage. Have hammock, will travel and relax. It's just that simple.

在艺术天堂追逐夏天 Chasing summer in the art world

迈阿密海滩巴塞尔艺术展

每年12月，艺术世界的中心不是在纽约、东京或伦敦，而是在一个以宽阔的沙滩、古巴咖啡馆和刚果节奏而闻名的小镇。迈阿密巴塞尔艺术博览会（Art Basel Miami Beach）于今天结束了为期三天的展览，是在瑞士巴塞尔（该艺术节于1970年开始）、香港和巴黎举办的国际艺术博览会的美国站。该活动已有20年的历史，是北美最全面的当代艺术博览会，吸引了数千名艺术家、经销商、收藏家、欣赏者，以及寻求乐趣的游客，参加一年一度的创意盛会。

Art Basel Miami Beach

Every December the center of the art world convenes not in New York, Tokyo, or London, but in a town known more for its wide sandy beaches, café Cubano, and conga rhythms. Art Basel Miami Beach, which wraps up its three-day run today, is the American leg of an international art fair also staged in Basel, Switzerland (where the festival started in 1970), Hong Kong, and Paris. The event, now 20 years old, is the most comprehensive contemporary art fair in North America, attracting thousands of artists, dealers, collectors, appreciators, and just fun-seeking tourists for this annual burst of creativity steps from the sand.

彩虹河里的佛罗里达红肚龟，彩虹泉州立公园，佛罗里达 Florida red-bellied turtle in Rainbow Springs, Rainbow Springs State Park, Florida (© Michel Roggo/Minden Pictures)

龟龟们畅游的好日子 Turtle-y nice day for a swim

World Turtle Day

That's a Florida red-bellied turtle celebrating World Turtle Day with a dip in the clear waters of Rainbow Springs State Park in Florida. This river turtle species spends the bulk of its day basking in Florida's abundant sunshine and chomping on vegetation, but it's nice to cool off with a swim, too. Red-bellied turtles have been known to sneak into alligator nests to lay eggs. If you're going to find someone to protect your kids, you might as well make it an alligator!

World Turtle Day celebrates all things chelonian, with turtle and tortoise lovers dressing up as turtles or wearing green summer dresses. The day can include missions to save turtles, research activities, and educational opportunities for people to learn more about these gentle, famously unhurried creatures. Come out of your shell for the day and take some turtle time.

世界海龟日

这是一只佛罗里达红腹海龟，在佛罗里达州彩虹泉州立公园的清澈水域中浸泡，庆祝世界海龟日。这种河龟每天大部分时间都在佛罗里达州充足的阳光下晒太阳，啃食植被，但游泳也能让它凉爽下来。众所周知，红腹海龟会潜入鳄鱼的巢穴产卵。如果你想找个人来保护你的孩子，你不妨把它变成一只鳄鱼！

世界海龟日庆祝所有的龟类活动，海龟和乌龟爱好者装扮成海龟或穿着绿色夏装。这一天可以包括拯救海龟的任务、研究活动和教育机会，让人们更多地了解这些温和、以从容不迫著称的生物。今天要从你的壳里出来，好好休息一下。

全年均可在此畅游 You can take a refreshing dip here any day of the year

Juniper Springs, Florida

Yes, the water here is as inviting as it looks: clear as glass, the shade of a precious gem, and a perfect 73 degrees every day of the year. Set within a subtropical forest, it is a veritable Garden of Eden. Long before Disney arrived in the Sunshine State, natural springs like this one were what visitors flocked to. Juniper Springs, seen here, is one of Florida's oldest and best-known recreation areas, established in the 1930s as a place to camp, hike, paddle, and, of course, swim.

Florida is home to the largest concentration of freshwater springs in the world, with more than 1,000 of them scattered mostly across the upper part of the state, where the massive Floridan aquifer breaks through the surface. This underground reservoir hides beneath the entire state and parts of neighboring states. Under constant pressure, the water sometimes reaches voids in the surface, and a spring is created. This aquifer provides Florida with almost all its drinking water.

Like so many of our natural resources, Florida's springs are under threat. Overextraction and pollution from fertilizers and septic systems have put some springs in peril. Luckily for anyone visiting Juniper Springs, these jewel-toned waters are protected by the Ocala National Forest, so it's likely to look like this for a long time.

佛罗里达州杜松斯普林斯

是的，这里的水和它看起来一样诱人：清澈如玻璃，宝石般的阴影，一年中每天都有完美的73度。它坐落在亚热带森林中，是名副其实的伊甸园。早在迪士尼抵达阳光之州之前，像这样的天然泉水就是游客们蜂拥而来的地方。这里所见的刺柏泉是佛罗里达州最古老、最著名的休闲区之一，建于20世纪30年代，是露营、徒步旅行、划桨，当然还有游泳的地方。

佛罗里达州是世界上淡水泉最集中的地方，其中1000多处主要分布在佛罗里达州的上半部分，那里巨大的弗洛里丹含水层穿透地表。这个地下水库隐藏在整个州和邻近州的部分地区之下。在恒定的压力下，水有时会到达表面的空隙，从而产生一个弹簧。该含水层为佛罗里达州提供了几乎所有的饮用水。

和我们的许多自然资源一样，佛罗里达州的泉水也受到威胁。肥料和化粪池系统的过度抽取和污染已经使一些泉水处于危险之中。幸运的是，对于任何参观Juniper Springs的人来说，这些宝石色的水域都受到奥卡拉国家森林的保护，所以很可能很长一段时间都是这样。

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