标签意大利下的文章

俯瞰那不勒斯湾和维苏威火山，意大利 Looking over the Gulf of Naples towards Mount Vesuvius, Italy (© ezypix/Getty Images)

迷人的海湾风光 'Charming bay scenery

那不勒斯湾和维苏威火山，意大利

那不勒斯湾（意大利语：Golfo di Napoli）是位于意大利西南海岸（大都市区那不勒斯，坎帕尼亚地区）的一个海湾，宽约15公里，向西通往地中海。那不勒斯湾因风景优美而闻名，是著名的旅游区，沿岸有陡峭的火山峰，包括维苏威火山等活火山以及庞贝古城、赫库兰尼姆古城遗址。海湾入口处有卡普里岛、伊斯基亚岛和普罗奇达岛等风景名胜。据说罗马皇帝卡里古拉在海湾上建造了一座船桥，他身穿亚历山大大帝的盔甲，乘坐战车横跨海湾。

海王星石窟，撒丁岛，意大利 Neptune's Grotto, Sardinia, Italy (© Carlo Murenu/Getty Images)

一座适合神居住的石窟 A grotto fit for a god

海王星石窟，撒丁岛，意大利

沿着654级台阶俯瞰撒丁岛海面，令人惊叹的景象尽收眼底。海王星石窟是一座距海平面仅约3英尺的钟乳石洞穴。这座洞穴由当地渔民在18世纪首次发现，以罗马海神尼普顿命名。整个洞穴系统全长约4023米，游客可进入的区域仅约304.8米。洞内有迷宫般的小径，灯光照亮蜿蜒穿过钟乳石与石笋的路径，最终通向一个约119米长的咸水湖。

海王星石窟位于地中海第二大岛撒丁岛西北海岸的阿尔盖罗镇附近。撒丁岛的历史可追溯至1万年前，努拉吉是最重要的古代文明，努拉吉人在公元前1800年至公元2世纪期间生活于此。当时，村庄围绕着一种称为努拉吉塔的圆形塔楼要塞建造。如今，岛上保存着约7,000座努拉吉塔，已成为撒丁岛的象征。除了丰富的历史遗迹，撒丁岛还以其原始的海滩、崎岖的山脉和美味佳肴而闻名于世。

Neptune's Grotto, Sardinia, Italy

Down 654 steps, perched perilously over the sea in Sardinia, Italy, you'll find a surprise waiting for you. Neptune's Grotto is a stunning stalactite cave that sits just over 3 feet above sea level. First discovered by local fishermen in the 18th century, the grotto was named after the Roman god of the sea. The entire cave complex stretches on for around 2.5 miles, although visitors can only access about 1,000 feet of the total. Inside, there's a labyrinth of lit pathways winding past stalactite and stalagmite formations, leading to a 390-foot-long saltwater lake.

Neptune's Grotto is near the town of Alghero on the northwest coast of Sardinia, the second-largest island in the Mediterranean. It has been inhabited for at least 10,000 years, but its most important ancient civilization, the Nuragic peoples, lived there from around 1800 BCE until the 2nd century CE. At this time, villages were built around nuraghes, a kind of round tower fortress. Today, there are still around 7,000 of these nuraghes across the island, and they have become a symbol of Sardinia. Beyond its history, Sardinia is known for its beaches, mountains, and cuisine.

被水淹没的地下室，圣弗朗西斯大教堂，拉文纳，意大利 Flooded crypt, Basilica of San Francesco, Ravenna, Italy (© Andrea Pucci/Getty Images)

神圣的深渊 Divine depths

被水淹没的地下室，圣弗朗西斯大教堂，拉文纳，意大利

在意大利拉文纳市，有一座圣弗朗西斯大教堂，以其美丽和历史意义而闻名。这座罗马式教堂始建于公元450年，在9世纪时又加建了一座坚固的方形钟楼，使教堂的外观更加突出。教堂设计有三座中殿，由两排各12根圆柱分隔。而今日图片中的圣弗朗西斯大教堂最引人注目的部分是地下墓穴。这座墓穴是早期宗教设计的杰出典范，拥有向下倾斜的拱形天花板和排列整齐的石柱。地面铺设的地砖镶嵌着精美复杂的马赛克图案，至今仍然保存完好，堪称艺术杰作。

拉文纳建在松软的沼泽地上，由于城市逐渐下沉，拉文纳面临着持续的结构性挑战，这在墓穴中尤为显著，如今墓穴常年淹没在约一英尺深的水中。然而，拉文纳并未对抗洪水而是选择接受它，在水池中放养了金鱼，金鱼在古老的石柱间和淹没的马赛克地砖上方游动。游客们常向水中投掷硬币祈求好运，使这座墓穴更像是一口许愿池，而非传统的埋葬之地。

Flooded crypt, Basilica of San Francesco, Ravenna, Italy

In the Italian province of Ravenna lies the Basilica of San Francesco, recognized for its beauty and historical significance. This Romanesque church, originally built in 450, features a sturdy square bell tower added in the 9th century, enhancing the basilica's exterior. Its design features three naves, divided by two rows of 12 columns each. Featured in today's image is the basilica's real showstopper: The basement crypt, or burial chamber, is a stunning model of early religious design. Complete with vaulted ceilings that slope down into rows of stone columns, its floor is a work of art itself. It's inlaid with beautifully intricate mosaic tiles that have withstood the test of time.

Built on soft marshland, Ravenna faces ongoing structural challenges because the entire city is gradually sinking. This is particularly evident in the crypt, which now remains perpetually submerged under about a foot of water. But instead of battling the slow flood, the basilica has embraced it, filling the pool with goldfish that glide between the ancient columns and above the submerged mosaics. Visitors often toss coins into the water, making the crypt more of a wishing well than a burial site.

米苏里纳湖，多洛米蒂山脉，意大利 Lake Misurina, Dolomites, Italy (© Marco Bottigelli/Getty Images)

泪水之湖 A lake of tears

米苏里纳湖，多洛米蒂山脉，意大利

你可能听说过“泪池”，但你听说过“泪湖”吗？传说中，位于意大利多洛米蒂山区的米苏里纳湖（如图所示）是由巨人索拉皮斯悲伤的眼泪汇聚而成。该湖海拔超过5700英尺，是卡多雷地区最大的天然湖泊，其周长超过1.5英里。米苏里纳湖的周边地区以其有益的气候而闻名，此处清澈的湖水和周边的酒店为多达500名游客提供了一个完美的度假胜地，尤其适合呼吸道疾病患者。1956年冬奥会期间，还在米苏里纳湖的天然冰面上举办了速度滑冰比赛，歌手克劳迪奥·巴格里奥尼甚至将其写入了一首流行歌曲。凭借令人惊叹的景色、神秘的起源和四季皆宜的活动，这个湖可能是多洛米蒂山脉最迷人的景点。

Lake Misurina, Dolomites, Italy

You might have heard of a pool of tears, but have you ever heard of a lake of tears? Well, legend has it that Lake Misurina, pictured here, in Italy's Dolomites, was born from the sorrow of a giant named Sorapis. At more than 5,700 feet above sea level, it is the largest natural lake in the Cadore region, with its perimeter stretching more than 1.5 miles. The area around the lake is known for its beneficial climate, especially for those with respiratory conditions. Its crystal-clear waters and surrounding hotels provide a perfect getaway for up to 500 visitors. The lake played a role in the 1956 Winter Olympics, where it hosted speed skating events on natural ice, and it has even been immortalized in a pop song by singer Claudio Baglioni. With astounding views, mythical roots, and activities for every season, this lake may well be the Dolomites' most alluring reflection.

拉瓦雷多三峰山, 意大利 Tre Cime di Lavaredo, Sexten Dolomites, Italy (© Daniel Maran/Getty Images)

山峰的“胜利三重奏” The triumphant trio

国际山岳日

今天，让我们一起庆祝国际山岳日，向这个星球上高耸的“巨人们”致敬！作为“巨人”中的一员，拉瓦雷多三峰山（在今天的照片中的右侧），是意大利东北部塞斯托多洛米蒂山脉的一部分，也是阿尔卑斯山脉最著名的山群之一。这三座山峰——大峰，西峰和小峰，是联合国教科文组织认定的世界遗产地，吸引了许多探险者以及自然爱好者。第一次世界大战期间，意大利和奥匈帝国的战线穿过了这些山峰，留下了许多冲突的遗迹，如防御工事、战壕、隧道和纪念章。

国际山岳日旨在促进山岳的可持续发展以及保护这些景观。山岳不仅是成千上万种陆地动植物的家园，也是全球15%人口的家园。可由于气候变化和过度开发，山岳所支持的脆弱的生态系统以及留给人类去保护它们的时间，正在以比我们想象的更快的速度消失。有时，即使是最雄伟的山峰也无法永远支撑下去。

International Mountain Day

Today, we celebrate International Mountain Day, an event to honor the towering giants of our planet. Among them are the Tre Cime di Lavaredo, or the 'Three Peaks of Lavaredo,' seen on the right in today's image. A part of the Sexten Dolomites in northeastern Italy, they're one of the most famous mountain groups in the Alps. These three peaks—Cima Grande, Cima Ovest, and Cima Piccola—are a UNESCO World Heritage Site that captivates adventurers and nature lovers alike. During World War I, the front line between Italy and Austria-Hungary cut through the peaks, leaving the area with many remnants of the conflict, such as fortifications, trenches, tunnels, and commemorative plaques.

International Mountain Day promotes sustainable mountain development and the preservation of these landscapes. Mountains are not only home to thousands of species of land animals and plants, but also to 15% of the world's human population. Because of climate change and overexploitation, the fragile ecosystems that mountains support—and the time we have to protect them—are slipping away faster than we think. Sometimes, even the mightiest peaks can't hold out forever.

橄榄树林，伊特里亚山谷，普利亚，意大利 Olive grove, Valle d'Itria, Puglia, Italy (© Massimo Santi/Shutterstock)

有数百年历史的橄榄树 Many centuries of olive trees

庆祝世界橄榄树日

今天，我们不仅要向你献上橄榄枝，还要献上整棵橄榄树。11月26日是世界橄榄树日，让我们花些时间来欣赏一下这种奇妙的植物吧。大约在8000年前，橄榄树首次被种植在地中海东部。从那里，它们被腓尼基人传播到了希腊群岛和大陆，然后又传播到更远的地方，大约在公元前1000年到达西班牙和地中海的西部边缘。橄榄枝自古以来就是和平的象征，人们种植橄榄树以获取橄榄油、木材和果实已有千年历史。

图中所示的意大利南部的普利亚地区拥有约6000万棵橄榄树，生产着该国约40%的橄榄油。该地区生产橄榄已有几个世纪的历史。普利亚最古老的橄榄树，也是意大利最古老的橄榄树之一，被认为有近4000年的历史。令人惊讶的是，这棵树上的橄榄至今仍被用来制作橄榄油。今天图片上的橄榄树丛中还有另一样东西连接着过去，树与树之间的建筑物名叫特鲁洛，这种不用砂浆建造的民居只有普利亚才有，它们的存在也展示了该地区深厚的传统文化。

Celebrating World Olive Tree Day

Today, we're not just offering you an olive branch—we've got the whole tree. November 26 is World Olive Tree Day, so we're taking some time to appreciate this amazing plant. Olive trees were first cultivated in the eastern Mediterranean around 8,000 years ago. From there, they were introduced to the Greek islands and mainland by the Phoenicians, then farther afield, reaching Spain and the western edge of the Mediterranean by around 1000 BCE. The olive branch has been a symbol of peace since ancient times, and olive trees have been grown for their oil, wood, and fruit for millennia.

The southern region of Puglia in Italy, seen here, has an estimated 60 million olive trees and produces about 40% of the country's olive oil. The oldest olive tree in Puglia, and one of the oldest in Italy, is thought to be almost 4,000 years old and its olives are still used to make oil. The olive grove in today's image also has another link to the past: The structure between the trees is a trullo. These dwellings, made without mortar, are only found in Puglia. They show how deeply rooted the traditions of this region are.

马纳罗拉，五渔村国家公园，利古里亚，意大利 Manarola, Cinque Terre National Park, Liguria, Italy (© John_Silver/Shutterstock)

悬崖边的故事 A cliffside story

马纳罗拉，五渔村国家公园，利古里亚，意大利

蜡笔画一样的房子层叠而下，延伸至地中海，马纳罗拉因此美景而出名，如同今天的照片一样，这里看起来就像童话故事中的场景。镶嵌在意大利利古里亚海岸崎岖悬崖上，马纳罗拉是组成五渔村国家公园的五个村庄之一，被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。而马纳罗拉（Manarola）这个名字可能是从拉丁语“Magna rota”演变而来的，在当地方言中变成了“Magna roea”，意思是“大轮子”，以此向该村历史悠久的水车致敬。马纳罗拉的历史可以追溯到1338年，它被认为是五渔村最古老的村庄，其历史根植于渔业和酿酒业。夏克特拉是这一地区独有的餐后甜酒，在意大利诗人的诗篇中，这种酒早已成为不朽的名酒。沿着这里的“爱之路”漫步，您可以感受到这个地区独有的浪漫和魅力，这条风景优美的滨海小径连接着马纳罗拉和五渔村的另一个村庄里奥马焦雷。在马纳罗拉，时间会变得慢下来，那是海边的魔法开始发挥作用了。

Manarola, Cinque Terre National Park, Liguria, Italy

Known for its rows of pastel houses that stretch down to the Mediterranean Sea, Manarola, seen in today's image, is a picturesque village on the Italian Riviera. Perched on the rugged cliffs of the Ligurian coast, it's one of the five villages that make up Cinque Terre National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The name 'Manarola' might have evolved from the Latin 'Magna rota,' which means 'large wheel,' a nod to the village's historical mill wheel.

Believed to be the oldest village in the Cinque Terre, dating to 1338, Manarola's history is rooted in fishing and winemaking. Sciacchetrà, a dessert wine unique to this area, has long been immortalized in the verses of Italian poets. Take a walk along the Via dell'Amore, or 'Path of Love'—a scenic coastal trail connecting Manarola to its neighboring village, Riomaggiore—and you can sense the romance and charm that defines this region. Legend has it that the footpath became a meeting place for lovers from the two villages. Time slows down when you're in Manarola, and the magic of the country's coastal heritage comes to life.

可怕的外墙 Fearsome façade

祖卡里宫，罗马

在罗马西班牙阶梯的顶端，从宏伟的天主教堂下面左转，沿着一条不起眼的小街走下去，有一个惊喜在等着你：一座怪兽之屋。欢迎来到祖卡里宫！这是一座16世纪的宫殿，在它的外墙上，神话似乎栩栩如生，怪诞的面孔吞没了宫殿的门窗。建造这座宫殿的费德里科·祖卡里对怪兽非常精通，他在佛罗伦萨大教堂绘制的《最后的审判》和但丁《地狱篇》的插图满是神话人物。怪兽门最初通向宫殿的花园，因为祖卡里喜欢通过这种方式让客人体验从恐怖入口到美丽花园之间的强烈对比。如今，这扇门通向赫尔奇阿娜图书馆，这是一家专门研究意大利艺术史（从中世纪到现代）的图书馆，自1912年以来一直占据着花园的原址。如果你想在罗马寻找更多的怪嘴，离祖卡里宫不远处就是古罗马面具——“真理之口”，据说它会咬掉任何说谎者的手。

Palazzo Zuccari, Rome

At the top of the Spanish Steps in Rome, take a left underneath the imposing Catholic church. Down an unassuming side street, there's a surprise waiting for you: a house of monsters. Welcome to the Palazzo Zuccari, a 16th-century palace where myths seem to come to life on its façade—grotesque faces swallow up its doors and windows. Federico Zuccari, who built the palace, was well-versed in monsters. His painting of the Last Judgment in Florence Cathedral and his illustrations of Dante's Inferno are replete with mythical beings. The monster door originally led to the palazzo's garden because Zuccari enjoyed making his guests experience the contrast between the scary entrance and the beautiful serenity of the garden. These days, the door leads to the Bibliotheca Hertziana, a library specializing in Italian art history, from the Middle Ages to the modern day, which has occupied the site of the garden since 1912.

If you're looking for more monstrous mouths in Rome, not far from the Palazzo Zuccari is the Bocca della Verità, an ancient Roman mask. According to legend, it will bite off any liar's hand that's placed in its mouth.

托斯卡纳的石头小镇 The stone town of Tuscany

索拉诺古镇，托斯卡纳，意大利

索拉诺位于意大利托斯卡纳南部的格罗塞托省，是一个坐落在悬崖峭壁上的中世纪村庄。漫步在古老的鹅卵石街道上，你可以游览奥尔西尼堡垒，这座堡垒可追溯到11世纪，如今已成为一座博物馆。游客在堡垒内每走一步，都能感受到几个世纪以来关于防御入侵与权力更迭的故事。在波吉奥·圣·罗科和波吉奥·克罗切山附近有这样一个墓地，它是个大型的古代墓葬遗址，其中拥有保存完好的伊特鲁里亚人的墓葬，暗示着该地区悠久的历史。公元前8世纪至公元前3世纪，伊特鲁里亚文明曾居住在这一地区，并在现在的托斯卡纳和翁布里亚繁衍生息。索拉诺隐蔽的山谷是维洞的所在地，这是一个错综复杂的通道网络，可能是用来抵御入侵者和野兽的防御系统。在这里，厨师们精心制作当地特色菜，保持着世代相传的烹饪传统。到索拉诺旅游，一定要去葡萄酒商店喝上一杯备受推崇的莫雷利诺·迪·斯坎萨诺葡萄酒。

大运河和安康圣母教堂的鸟瞰图，威尼斯，意大利 Aerial view of the Grand Canal and the Basilica di Santa Maria della Salute, Venice, Italy (© Bachir Moukarzel/Amazing Aerial Agency)

在漂浮的城市之上 Above the floating city

安康圣母教堂，威尼斯，意大利

威尼斯的安康圣母教堂历史悠久，是巴洛克建筑风格的典范。这座教堂建于1631年至1687年，是为了纪念1630年威尼斯从一场毁灭性瘟疫中解脱出来。教堂建在大运河的入口处，其圆顶在威尼斯的天际线上占据着主导地位，正如今天的图片所示。意大利建筑师巴尔达萨雷·隆盖纳在26岁时就构思了这座建筑，它成为了隆盖纳毕生的事业，并在他去世后完工。教堂外部的涡卷状装饰和雕像与宽敞的八角形内部形成鲜明对比，内部装饰着文艺复兴时期艺术家提香和丁托列托的作品。每年11月，威尼斯都会在圣母节期间纪念这座教堂的重要意义，这是一场文化庆祝活动，内容包括节日游行和献蜡烛等，以感谢圣母将人类从瘟疫中解救出来。

Basilica of Santa Maria della Salute, Venice, Italy

The Santa Maria della Salute church in Venice is steeped in history. As a plague devastated the city in 1630, its leader, Doge Nicolò Contarini, vowed to build a majestic church dedicated to the Virgin Mary if the city was spared. In 1631 the epidemic ended, and construction began. The church, built in the Baroque style, was completed around 50 years later, a lifelong project for architect Baldassare Longhena.

Built at the entrance to the Grand Canal, its dome dominates the Venice skyline. Each November, Venice commemorates the church's significance during the Festa della Madonna della Salute, a cultural celebration that includes festive processions and offering of candles in gratitude for deliverance from the plague.

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