标签佛罗里达下的文章

日出时的海滩，海湾岛国家海岸，佛罗里达，美国 Beach at sunrise, Gulf Islands National Seashore, Florida, USA (© Tim Fitzharris/Minden Pictures)

海湾群岛的光芒 Gulf Islands glow

海湾岛国家海岸，佛罗里达，美国

每年9月的第四个星期六是美国国家公共土地日，今天的主题是保护公共土地，无论是国家公园，还是城市绿地，都囊括其中。在这一天，许多联邦土地免收门票，那些参与清理或修复历史建筑等保护活动的人可以获得免费的入场券，用于今后游览这些地方。自1994年设立以来，这一节日已经有了长足的发展。首次庆祝活动由三个国家机构发起，吸引了700名志愿者。到2010年，志愿者人数已增至17万人，分布在大大小小2000多个地点。

在今天的照片中，海湾岛国家海岸横跨佛罗里达州和密西西比州的墨西哥湾沿岸屏障岛，为人们提供了丰富多彩的娱乐活动，并保留了重要的自然和历史遗迹。它建于1971年，拥有绵延数英里的白色沙滩，历史悠久的防御工事和丰富的野生动物栖息地。海岸包括密西西比州小布瓦和霍恩岛上4080英亩的荒野地区，可以保护这些地区独特的生态系统。

一片斜纹松和锯齿草大沼泽地国家公园，佛罗里达州，美国 A stand of slash pines and sawgrass prairie, Everglades National Park, Florida (© Jonathan Gewirtz/Tandem Stills + Motion)

欢迎来到大沼泽地 'Everglad' to be here

大沼泽地国家公园

90年前的今天，美国通过了一项法案，一个自然瑰宝也由此诞生：大沼泽地国家公园。这个位于佛罗里达州的公园囊括了美国最大的亚热带荒野。它占地150多万英亩，园区里生活着36种受联邦保护以及濒危的野生动物，如温顺的海牛、神秘的佛罗里达美洲豹。在这里，空气中回荡着350多种鸟类的叫声，如秧鹤、食螺鸢，水域中也是生机勃勃，有各种各样的鱼类，如锯盖鱼、红鱼，还有美洲鳄的身影。除了生物多样性之外，该公园还赢得了全球的认可，被联合国教科文组织评为世界遗产、国际生物圈保护区和国际重要湿地。因此，让我们向大沼泽地国家公园致敬！愿它可以继续为我们带来惊喜，并激发我们的好奇心以及欣赏周围野生世界的兴趣。

Everglades National Park marks 90 years

On this day 90 years ago, Congress passed an act that would lead to the creation of one of America's natural gems: Everglades National Park in Florida. It would be another 13 years before enough land was acquired to make the park a reality, but today it encapsulates the largest subtropical wilderness in the US. Spanning more than 1.5 million acres, the park is a lifeline to 36 federally protected and endangered wildlife species, from the gentle manatee to the stealthy Florida panther. Here, the air thrums with the calls of over 350 bird species like limpkins and snail kites, while the waters teem with life including hundreds of species of fish, sea turtles, and American crocodiles. Beyond its biodiversity, the park is celebrated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, an International Biosphere Reserve, and a Wetland of International Importance. Here's to Everglades National Park—may it continue to inspire wonder, curiosity, and appreciation for the wild world around us.

基韦斯特的七英里大桥，佛罗里达州，美国 Seven Mile Bridge in the Florida Keys (© Evgeny Vasenev/Cavan Images)

一把通向岛屿的钥匙 A key to island travel

七英里大桥，佛罗里达州，美国

很久很久以前，佛罗里达州住着一位富有的实业家，名叫亨利·弗拉格勒。他启动了一项艰巨的工程：修建一条连接佛罗里达大陆和基韦斯特的跨海铁路。最终，七英里桥于1912年正式落成，被称为世界第八大奇迹。然而，奇迹并不长久，1935年，这座大桥遭遇飓风从而停止了运营。后来，这座桥被卖给了美国政府，经历重建后摇身一变，成了一条汽车高速公路，于1938年重新开放。

如今，你若到访这座久负盛名的七英里桥，你会发现两座桥：一座是老七英里桥，仅对行人和骑自行车的人开放，另一座是于1982年建成的新七英里桥，用于车辆通行。好莱坞大片《杀人执照》和《真实的谎言》中都曾出现过这座桥的身影。

Overseas Highway, Florida Keys

Once upon a time, there lived a wealthy industrialist, Henry Flagler, who embarked on the herculean task of creating an overseas railway connecting mainland Florida to Key West. When it opened in 1912, it was dubbed the Eighth Wonder of the World. However, the triumph was short-lived. It was hit by a hurricane on Labor Day, 1935 and the railroad discontinued operations. The railway was sold to the US government and rebuilt as an automobile highway, opening in 1938.

These days, the Overseas Highway still stretches about 113 miles through the Florida Keys over 42 bridges, which jump from island to island over the Atlantic Ocean, Florida Bay, and the Gulf of Mexico. Many of the original bridges were replaced in 1982, including the longest, the Seven Mile Bridge pictured in the distance in our homepage image. Drivers crossing the Overseas Highway can still see remnants of some of the old bridges running alongside their replacements, including the Old Seven Mile Bridge, a section of which was renovated for cyclists and pedestrians. An engineering marvel, the ‘highway that goes to sea' has also featured in blockbusters like 'License to Kill' and 'True Lies.'

在一棵秃柏树上吊床露营，佛罗里达州，美国 Hammock camping in a bald cypress tree, Florida (© Mac Stone/Tandem Stills + Motion)

想出去玩吗？ Want to hang out?

在一棵秃柏树上吊床露营，佛罗里达州

传统的吊床是由中美洲人发明的，最初是用来在睡觉时保护自己免受危险的昆虫和动物的袭击。如今，吊床是一个用来增添乐趣的工具。由布料、网或绳子等各种各样的材料制作而成的吊床，是旅行者最好的伙伴。在佛罗里达州，秃柏树就是一个挂吊床的绝佳去处。

National Hammock Day

It’s National Hammock Day! A day to slowly unwind while rocking gently from side to side. These days, hammocks are associated with summer relaxation, but they were originally developed by Central Americans to protect them from dangerous insects and animals. Today the hammock is a traveler's best buddy, made from a variety of materials like fabric, netting, or rope. But where best to hang it? Florida boasts some beautiful hammock hang-out spots, like the bald cypress tree pictured on our homepage. Have hammock, will travel and relax. It's just that simple.

迈阿密海滩海洋大道，美国佛罗里达州 Miami, Florida (© Matteo Colombo/Getty Images)

在艺术天堂追逐夏天 Chasing summer in the art world

迈阿密海滩巴塞尔艺术展

每年12月，艺术世界的中心不是在纽约、东京或伦敦，而是在一个以宽阔的沙滩、古巴咖啡馆和刚果节奏而闻名的小镇。迈阿密巴塞尔艺术博览会（Art Basel Miami Beach）于今天结束了为期三天的展览，是在瑞士巴塞尔（该艺术节于1970年开始）、香港和巴黎举办的国际艺术博览会的美国站。该活动已有20年的历史，是北美最全面的当代艺术博览会，吸引了数千名艺术家、经销商、收藏家、欣赏者，以及寻求乐趣的游客，参加一年一度的创意盛会。

Art Basel Miami Beach

Every December the center of the art world convenes not in New York, Tokyo, or London, but in a town known more for its wide sandy beaches, café Cubano, and conga rhythms. Art Basel Miami Beach, which wraps up its three-day run today, is the American leg of an international art fair also staged in Basel, Switzerland (where the festival started in 1970), Hong Kong, and Paris. The event, now 20 years old, is the most comprehensive contemporary art fair in North America, attracting thousands of artists, dealers, collectors, appreciators, and just fun-seeking tourists for this annual burst of creativity steps from the sand.

彩虹河里的佛罗里达红肚龟，彩虹泉州立公园，佛罗里达 Florida red-bellied turtle in Rainbow Springs, Rainbow Springs State Park, Florida (© Michel Roggo/Minden Pictures)

龟龟们畅游的好日子 Turtle-y nice day for a swim

World Turtle Day

That's a Florida red-bellied turtle celebrating World Turtle Day with a dip in the clear waters of Rainbow Springs State Park in Florida. This river turtle species spends the bulk of its day basking in Florida's abundant sunshine and chomping on vegetation, but it's nice to cool off with a swim, too. Red-bellied turtles have been known to sneak into alligator nests to lay eggs. If you're going to find someone to protect your kids, you might as well make it an alligator!

World Turtle Day celebrates all things chelonian, with turtle and tortoise lovers dressing up as turtles or wearing green summer dresses. The day can include missions to save turtles, research activities, and educational opportunities for people to learn more about these gentle, famously unhurried creatures. Come out of your shell for the day and take some turtle time.

世界海龟日

这是一只佛罗里达红腹海龟，在佛罗里达州彩虹泉州立公园的清澈水域中浸泡，庆祝世界海龟日。这种河龟每天大部分时间都在佛罗里达州充足的阳光下晒太阳，啃食植被，但游泳也能让它凉爽下来。众所周知，红腹海龟会潜入鳄鱼的巢穴产卵。如果你想找个人来保护你的孩子，你不妨把它变成一只鳄鱼！

世界海龟日庆祝所有的龟类活动，海龟和乌龟爱好者装扮成海龟或穿着绿色夏装。这一天可以包括拯救海龟的任务、研究活动和教育机会，让人们更多地了解这些温和、以从容不迫著称的生物。今天要从你的壳里出来，好好休息一下。

奥卡拉国家森林中的杜松泉，美国佛罗里达州 Juniper Springs in Ocala National Forest, Florida (© Michael Warren/Getty Images)

全年均可在此畅游 You can take a refreshing dip here any day of the year

Juniper Springs, Florida

Yes, the water here is as inviting as it looks: clear as glass, the shade of a precious gem, and a perfect 73 degrees every day of the year. Set within a subtropical forest, it is a veritable Garden of Eden. Long before Disney arrived in the Sunshine State, natural springs like this one were what visitors flocked to. Juniper Springs, seen here, is one of Florida's oldest and best-known recreation areas, established in the 1930s as a place to camp, hike, paddle, and, of course, swim.

Florida is home to the largest concentration of freshwater springs in the world, with more than 1,000 of them scattered mostly across the upper part of the state, where the massive Floridan aquifer breaks through the surface. This underground reservoir hides beneath the entire state and parts of neighboring states. Under constant pressure, the water sometimes reaches voids in the surface, and a spring is created. This aquifer provides Florida with almost all its drinking water.

Like so many of our natural resources, Florida's springs are under threat. Overextraction and pollution from fertilizers and septic systems have put some springs in peril. Luckily for anyone visiting Juniper Springs, these jewel-toned waters are protected by the Ocala National Forest, so it's likely to look like this for a long time.

佛罗里达州杜松斯普林斯

是的，这里的水和它看起来一样诱人：清澈如玻璃，宝石般的阴影，一年中每天都有完美的73度。它坐落在亚热带森林中，是名副其实的伊甸园。早在迪士尼抵达阳光之州之前，像这样的天然泉水就是游客们蜂拥而来的地方。这里所见的刺柏泉是佛罗里达州最古老、最著名的休闲区之一，建于20世纪30年代，是露营、徒步旅行、划桨，当然还有游泳的地方。

佛罗里达州是世界上淡水泉最集中的地方，其中1000多处主要分布在佛罗里达州的上半部分，那里巨大的弗洛里丹含水层穿透地表。这个地下水库隐藏在整个州和邻近州的部分地区之下。在恒定的压力下，水有时会到达表面的空隙，从而产生一个弹簧。该含水层为佛罗里达州提供了几乎所有的饮用水。

和我们的许多自然资源一样，佛罗里达州的泉水也受到威胁。肥料和化粪池系统的过度抽取和污染已经使一些泉水处于危险之中。幸运的是，对于任何参观Juniper Springs的人来说，这些宝石色的水域都受到奥卡拉国家森林的保护，所以很可能很长一段时间都是这样。

Florida Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary

And we mean that in the nicest possible way. After all, what's nicer on a crisp November day than lacing up those hiking boots and hitting the trail? (Especially when that day happens to be Take a Hike Day!) Of course, there might be no trails to hit were it not for state and national park rangers, foresters, nonprofit employees, volunteers, and others who forge them through the wilderness. Or in some cases build them, as with this boardwalk in the Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary near Florida's Gulf Coast.

Construction of Corkscrew's Boardwalk Trail started in the mid-1950s by National Audubon, which manages Corkscrew Swamp as a wildlife sanctuary. It's clearly built for the terrain—particularly this cypress poking through a bespoke hole in the path. The walkway allows trekkers to easily traverse the wetlands without trampling the diverse flora and fauna on the damp ground.

佛罗里达软木塞沼泽保护区

我们的意思是以最好的方式。毕竟，在11月的一个晴朗的日子里，有什么比系上登山靴去小径更好的呢？（特别是当那天正好是徒步旅行日！）当然，如果不是州和国家公园的护林员、林业工作者、非营利组织员工、志愿者和其他在荒野中锻造他们的人，可能就不会有小路可走了。或者在某些情况下建造它们，比如佛罗里达海湾海岸附近的科克斯洛沼泽保护区的木板路。

20世纪50年代中期，国家奥杜邦（National Audubon）开始修建科克斯勒（Corkscrew）的木板路小径，该公司将科克斯勒沼泽作为野生动物保护区进行管理。它显然是专为地形而建的，尤其是这棵柏树穿过小路上一个定制的洞。这条人行道让徒步旅行者可以轻松地穿越湿地，而不会践踏潮湿地面上的各种动植物。

从庞塞德莱昂河口向灯塔望去，佛罗里达州 Looking inland from Ponce de León Inlet toward the lighthouse, Florida (© Jason Sponseller/Shutterstock)

Pascua Florida Day

We're at the Ponce de León Inlet Light in Central Florida for Pascua Florida Day, which marks the anniversary of the Spanish explorer's arrival here in 1513. Believing it to be an island, Ponce de León claimed the land for Spain and named it 'La Florida'—because of the verdant landscape and also because it was during the Easter season, which the Spaniards called 'Pascua Florida' (Festival of Flowers). According to legend, Ponce de León arrived here in search of the Fountain of Youth, a mythical water source said to restore the youth of those who drink or bathe in its waters. While that mission was unsuccessful, his name lives on in history–and on this lighthouse and the inlet where it shines.

Fiesta at Siesta

Here we are in mid-March already, the time of year when college-aged revelers invade the world's beaches, like this one on Florida's Siesta Key. Located in Sarasota County off the state's western shore, the island beach is a fixture on lists of America's top beaches, a standout even in a state where soft, welcoming sands compose over half the 1,200-mile coastline.

Using the onset of spring as an excuse to cut loose is nothing new, going back at least to the ancient Greeks and Romans. But spring break as we know it originated in the 1930s, when Fort Lauderdale began welcoming college swim teams for training. In March 1961, over 50,000 young people vacationed in the city. By the '70s, rising prices and increasing consternation of locals began driving the party from Fort Lauderdale to other Florida beaches, and eventually everywhere else. Tourist-vs.-townie tensions still go strong in spring break hotspots, but the party goes even stronger: throughout the spring break season, airlines can expect to serve around 400,000 more passengers each day than usual in the US alone.

星空迷