标签意大利下的文章

米利亚里诺自然公园，圣罗索尔，意大利马萨西犹可利 Regional Park of Migliarino, San Rossore, Massaciuccoli, Italy (© Stefano Valeri/Alamy)

比萨不仅有斜塔 There's more to Pisa than leaning towers

Natural Park of Migliarino, San Rossore, Massaciuccoli, Italy

This idyllic road is a path to one of Italy's magnificent natural gifts. Just outside of the ancient city of Pisa in Tuscany is the Natural Park of Migliarino, San Rossore, and Massaciuccoli. This immense and diverse park boasts numerous distinct environments. Seaside sand dunes, bird-filled marshlands, deep pine forests, and vast deciduous forests of oak and elm all exist next to each other. A wide array of birds can be found in the park, and there are ample wild boar, rabbits, red foxes, and the impressively antlered fallow deer to be found. It has been suggested that there are wolves living in the deep reaches of the woods.

While the park is popular for its beaches, hikes, and wildlife viewing, its attributes don't end with its natural amenities. There are Roman ruins to be explored here, along with working farms, and environmental education opportunities. It is also home to the Villa del Gomba, once the presidential palace of Italy, and before that the palace of the House of Savoy, one of Europe's oldest and most powerful dynasties. Today the facility hosts conferences and tourists.

米利亚里诺自然公园，圣罗索，马萨丘科利，意大利

这条田园诗般的道路是通往意大利宏伟的自然景观之一的道路。就在托斯卡纳古城比萨的外面，是米利亚里诺、圣罗索和马萨丘科利的自然公园。这个巨大而多样的公园拥有众多独特的环境。海边的沙丘、鸟类栖息的沼泽地、深深的松林、广阔的橡树和榆树落叶林都毗邻而生。公园里有各种各样的鸟类，还有大量的野猪、兔子、红狐和令人印象深刻的鹿角休养鹿。有人认为森林深处有狼。

虽然该公园因其海滩、徒步旅行和野生动物观赏而受欢迎，但它的属性并不以其自然设施而结束。这里有罗马遗址可供探索，还有工作农场和环境教育机会。它也是Villa del Gomba的所在地，它曾是意大利总统府，在此之前是欧洲最古老、最强大的王朝之一萨伏伊宫的所在地。今天，该设施举办会议和游客。

阿罗内镇的村落，意大利翁布里亚大区 The village of Arrone in Umbria, Italy (© Maurizio Rellini/eStock Photo)

时光倒流...... Step back in time...

Arrone in Umbria, Italy

Close your eyes and picture a charming medieval Italian village, perched on a hill, church bells marking the hours, a hazy spread of patchwork fields fading into the distance. Well, that's the ancient village of Arrone. (On second thought, we probably didn't need the photo.) Arrone looks over the Valnerina, a valley carved by the river Nera, which twists its way through Italy's scenic Umbria region, known as the Green Heart of Italy.

When you stroll through the narrow alleys between 9th-century stone houses, it's like entering a time warp. Gaze out from the fortifications, imagining battles of the past. You'll easily spot the iconic square clock tower, with an ancient olive tree on top—it's what remains of the fortress built by the founders of the village, the Arroni family.

As you're walking through the past, make sure to visit both of Arrone's churches. Since you're at the top of the village—'la Terra,' to locals—explore the modest 13th-century San Giovanni Battista church and its stunning works of art. Check out the bell tower, too: The 'Campanari di Arrone' (bell ringers of Arrone) are guardians of traditional bell-ringing methods. In the village's lower section, you'll find the Church of Santa Maria Assunta, which is filled with gorgeous frescoes dating to the early-16th and 17th centuries. And don't forget to marvel at the 16th-century glazed terra-cotta sculptures. So many ways to explore history in such a little village.

意大利翁布里亚的阿隆

闭上眼睛，想象一个迷人的中世纪意大利村庄，坐落在一座小山上，教堂的钟声标志着时间，一片朦胧的错落有致的田野渐渐远去。嗯，那是阿隆的古村落。（仔细想想，我们可能不需要这张照片。）阿隆俯瞰瓦纳里纳，这是一个由内拉河雕刻而成的山谷，内拉河蜿蜒穿过意大利风景秀丽的翁布里亚地区，被称为意大利的绿色心脏。

当你漫步在9世纪石头房子之间的狭窄小巷时，就像进入了一个时间隧道。从防御工事向外凝视，想象过去的战斗。你很容易就能看到标志性的方形钟楼，上面有一棵古老的橄榄树，这是阿罗尼家族的创始人建造的堡垒的遗迹。

当你回顾过去时，一定要参观阿隆的两座教堂。既然你在“la Terra”村的顶端，当地人就可以探索13世纪的圣乔瓦尼·巴蒂斯塔教堂（San Giovanni Battista church）及其令人叹为观止的艺术品。也可以去看看钟楼：“坎帕纳里·迪·阿隆”（阿隆的敲钟者）是传统敲钟方法的守护者。在村庄的较低部分，你会发现圣玛利亚阿桑塔教堂，教堂内有16世纪和17世纪早期的华丽壁画。别忘了惊叹16世纪的釉面陶俑雕塑。在这样一个小村庄里，探索历史的方式有很多。

多洛米蒂山上空的银河，意大利 Dolomite Mountains at night with the Milky Way, Italy (© Carlos Fernandez/Getty Images)

彩虹桥 The Rainbow Bridge

Dolomites

Few places in Europe offer the opportunity to take in the Milky Way like the Dolomites. Far from cities and light pollution, and thousands of feet above sea level, the Dolomites offer a stunning, vibrant night sky above shear, jagged peaks that cut the dark. Also known as the 'Pale Mountains,' the Dolomites are named for the carbonate rock they are composed of, which was in turn named after 18th-century French mineralogist Déodat Gratet de Dolomieu, the first scientist to describe the mineral.

The Dolomite region in northeastern Italy boasts more than 2,100 named mountains, including the 'Queen of the Dolomites,' Marmolada, whose Punta Penía is the highest peak of the range. Nature lovers, hikers, and climbers flock to the Dolomites in summer, and the slopes are dominated by skiers and snowboarders during the long winter months. One sure way to appreciate the Dolomites' impressive peaks is to take a hot air balloon over the range.

白云石

欧洲很少有地方像白云石那样有机会进入银河系。远离城市和光污染，海拔数千英尺，白云石在剪切、参差不齐的山峰上提供了一个令人惊叹的、充满活力的夜空，切断了黑暗。白云石也被称为“苍白山脉”，因其组成的碳酸盐岩而命名，而碳酸盐岩又是以18世纪法国矿物学家Déodat Gratte de Dolomieu的名字命名的，他是第一位描述这种矿物的科学家。

意大利东北部的白云石地区拥有2100多座被命名的山脉，其中包括“白云石女王”马尔莫拉达（Marmolada），其蓬塔彭尼亚峰（Punta Penía）是该山脉的最高峰。夏季，热爱大自然的人、徒步旅行者和登山者成群结队地来到白云石，在漫长的冬季，山坡上主要是滑雪者和滑雪者。欣赏白云石令人印象深刻的山峰的一个可靠方法是乘坐热气球飞越这一范围。

陶尔米纳古剧院，意大利西西里岛 Ancient theatre of Taormina in Sicily, Italy (© Antonino Bartuccio/eStock Photo)

戏剧演出 The play's the thing

Theatre of Taormina in Sicily

What better place to celebrate World Theatre Day than the Ancient theatre of Taormina, an amphitheater built in the Hellenistic style of the Greeks in the third century BCE. The venue was later expanded by the Romans and is one of the signature sights in the Sicilian town of Taormina. And if you look in the upper-right corner of the photo, that's Mount Etna giving a performance of its own, spewing a little ash and smoke.

The theater is still in use, hosting operas, theatrical productions, and concerts. The beauty of this town, built into a steep hill overlooking the Ionian Sea and Mount Etna, is said to have inspired writers and thinkers both ancient and modern, from Plato to D.H. Lawrence and Truman Capote.

Since 1962 World Theatre Day has been celebrated every March 27th by theatre professionals, organizations, universities and theatre lovers across the continents. Each year a speaker is selected to deliver a message about the importance of theatre and its value to humanity.

西西里 岛陶尔米纳剧院

还有什么比陶尔米纳古剧场更好的地方来庆祝世界戏剧日呢？陶尔米纳古剧场是一座建于公元前三世纪的希腊式圆形剧场。后来，罗马人扩建了场地，这是西西里岛陶尔米纳镇的标志性景点之一。如果你看这张照片的右上角，那就是埃特纳山自己的表演，喷出一点灰烬和烟雾。

该剧院仍在使用，举办歌剧、戏剧演出和音乐会。这个小镇建在一座陡峭的小山上，俯瞰爱奥尼亚海和埃特纳山，据说它的美丽给古代和现代的作家和思想家带来了灵感，从柏拉图到D.H.劳伦斯和杜鲁门·卡波特。

自1962年以来，各大洲的戏剧专业人士、组织、大学和戏剧爱好者每年3月27日都庆祝世界戏剧日。每年都会选出一位演讲者来传达戏剧的重要性及其对人类的价值。

古罗马广场，意大利 The Roman Forum, Rome, Italy (© Peter Zelei Images/Getty Images)

前往罗马广场的路上发生了一件趣事…… A funny thing happened on the way to the Forum…

Beware the ides of March

We're at the Roman Forum, or Forum Romanum, for the ides of March, a day made famous as the site of the assassination of Julius Caesar. While Shakespeare's Caesar was warned to 'beware the ides of March,' historians have never attributed the phrase to those who tipped off the actual Caesar about a plot against him. We do know that before March 15, 44 BCE was over, Caesar was assassinated. Afterward, Rome descended into war, ending the Roman Republic, and leading to the rise of the Roman Empire.

The Forum was a city square in which Rome's commercial, political, and religious activity took place, along with the occasional assassination. It was a site of ceremonies and celebrations. It was where Mark Antony's famed funeral oration for Caesar was given, and where Caesar's body was burned before the public. Today the area is a popular tourist attraction, drawing more than 4.5 million visitors in an average year.

当心三月的天气

我们在罗马论坛，或罗马论坛，为三月的ides，这一天作为朱利叶斯·凯撒遇刺的地点而闻名。虽然莎士比亚的凯撒被警告要“当心三月的末日”，但历史学家从未将这句话归因于那些向真正的凯撒透露了针对他的阴谋的人。我们知道，在公元前44年3月15日之前，凯撒被暗杀。后来，罗马陷入战争，结束了罗马共和国，并导致罗马帝国的崛起。

该论坛是一个城市广场，罗马的商业、政治和宗教活动以及偶尔发生的暗杀都在这里进行。这是一个举行仪式和庆祝活动的地方。在这里，马克·安东尼为凯撒举行了著名的葬礼演讲，凯撒的遗体在公众面前被焚毁。如今，该地区是一个受欢迎的旅游景点，平均每年吸引450多万游客。

Ponte Gobbo桥，意大利博比奥 Ponte Vecchio bridge near Bobbio, Italy (© afinocchiaro/Getty Images)

特雷比亚河的左岸便是 On the left bank of the river Trebbia, lies...

Bobbio, Italy

Between the metropolis of Milan—the fashion and design capital of Italy—and the fabled seaport city of Genoa, you'll find this small river town in northern Italy. People have resided here since ancient times, including the Romans, but the town really began to flourish when the abbey was constructed in the 7th century. For much of the Middle Ages, the Bobbio Abbey and its vast library made the town a center of religion, culture, and learning.

These days, Bobbio is a regular tourist stop perhaps best known for its old bridge, or Ponte Vecchio (not to be confused with THE Ponte Vecchio in Florence). Bobbio's old bridge spans the river Trebbia with 11 arches of unequal size and is commonly called Ponte Gobbo (Hunchback Bridge), because of its irregular shape.

Bobbio remains a jewel box of a town frozen in time. With its many small churches, modest houses, and cobblestone streets, Bobbio maintains the character of a medieval village nestled the Trebbia valley. Ernest Hemingway described the Val Trebbia as 'the most beautiful in the world,' and with views like this, who could argue with him?

意大利博比奥

在意大利时尚和设计之都米兰和传说中的海港城市热那亚之间，你会发现这个意大利北部的小河镇。自古以来，这里就有人居住，包括罗马人，但当修道院于7世纪建成时，这座城镇真正开始繁荣起来。在中世纪的大部分时间里，博比奥修道院及其巨大的图书馆使该镇成为宗教、文化和学习的中心。

如今，博比奥是一个固定的旅游站，也许最著名的是它的老桥，或者叫Vecchio桥（不要和佛罗伦萨的Vecchio桥混淆）。博比奥的旧桥横跨特雷比亚河，有11座大小不等的拱门，因其形状不规则，通常被称为“驼背桥”（Ponte Gobbo）。

博比奥仍然是一个被时间冻结的城镇的珠宝盒。博比奥有许多小教堂、简陋的房屋和鹅卵石街道，保持着特雷比亚山谷一个中世纪村庄的特色。欧内斯特·海明威（Ernest Hemingway）将瓦尔·特雷比娅（Val Trebbia）描述为“世界上最美的”，有这样的观点，谁能和他争论呢？

世界著名气泡酒产地普罗塞克山丘,意大利威尼托 Farra di Soligo in the Prosecco Hills of Veneto, Italy (© Olimpio Fantuz/Sime/eStock Photo)

Autumn in the Prosecco Hills

It's fall here in the Prosecco Hills of northeastern Italy. We're just outside Farra di Soligo, a village about 30 miles northwest of Venice. This region is known for growing the glera grape used to make the white wine called prosecco. Once a humble sparkling wine, and considered a poor cousin to Champagne, prosecco now eclipses Champagne in global popularity. More than 600 million bottles of prosecco were produced in Italy in 2018, about twice the amount of Champagne.

Of those 600 million bottles produced a year, about 90 million bottles of prosecco come from the Prosecco Hills region. Like most Italian grape-growing areas, the Prosecco Hills boast a spectacular landscape. Small plots of grapes have grown on narrow grassy terraces known as 'ciglioni' since the 17th century. From above, the ciglioni produce a checkerboard effect with vines growing both horizontally along and vertical to the hillsides. Some plots even use the 19th-century 'bellussera' technique of training the grapevines to grow up along trees. This region is so distinctive, it was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2019.

普洛塞科山的秋天

它落在意大利东北部的普罗塞科山上。我们就在法拉·迪·索利戈（Farra di Soligo）外面，这是一个距离威尼斯西北约30英里的村庄。这一地区以种植用来酿造白葡萄酒普罗塞科（prosecco）的格雷拉葡萄而闻名。普罗塞科一度是一种谦逊的起泡酒，被认为是香槟的穷表亲，但现在它在全球的受欢迎程度超过了香槟。2018年，意大利生产了6亿多瓶prosecco，约为香槟产量的两倍。

在每年生产的6亿瓶产品中，约有9000万瓶来自prosecco Hills地区。像大多数意大利葡萄种植区一样，普洛塞科山拥有壮观的景观。自17世纪以来，小片葡萄种植在被称为“ciglioni”的狭窄草地梯田上。从上面看，ciglioni产生了棋盘效应，藤蔓沿山坡水平和垂直生长。一些葡萄园甚至采用19世纪的“贝卢斯拉”技术，训练葡萄沿着树木生长。该地区非常独特，2019年被联合国教科文组织命名为世界遗产。

A cliffside harbor in Sardinia

The mining industry in Sardinia, Italy was booming in the early 20th century, as European nations looked to reconstruct from the damages of World War I. But Sardinian faced myriad logistical issues trying to export the zinc, lead and other minerals that were in high demand. Miners on the Italian island were using modern techniques to extract more and more ore, but it wasn't until 1924, when engineer Cesare Vecelli designed and built the mining hub along the cliffs in Porto Flavia, that getting product off the island matched their ability to extract it.

Before Vecelli's architectural marvel at Porto Flavia began operating, ore was often hand carried in wicker baskets and loaded by workers onto awaiting boats, a process that was slow, expensive, and often dangerous. But Vecelli's innovation allowed miners to lower ore directly onto ships waiting in the harbor below, saving time and cutting costs by up to 70%. Porto Flavia, which Vecelli named after his daughter, wasn't purely an exercise in productivity. The engineer added design flourishes including a concrete tower, as well as an arched doorway and windows, giving the port a certain elegance not normally associated with a mining hub. These days, Porto Flavia lives on as a UNESCO-protected tourist attraction.

撒丁岛的悬崖边港口

意大利撒丁岛的采矿业在20世纪初蓬勃发展，因为欧洲国家希望从第一次世界大战的破坏中重建。但撒丁岛在出口锌、铅和其他需求量大的矿物时面临着无数的物流问题。意大利岛上的矿工们正在使用现代技术开采越来越多的矿石，但直到1924年工程师塞萨尔·维切利（Cesare Vecelli）沿着弗拉维亚港（Porto Flavia）的悬崖设计并建造了采矿枢纽，从岛上获取的产品才与他们的开采能力相匹配。

在维切利在弗拉维亚港的建筑奇迹开始运作之前，矿石通常用柳条筐手工搬运，由工人装载到等待的船只上，这一过程缓慢、昂贵，而且往往很危险。但维切利的创新使采矿者能够直接将矿石卸到下面港口等待的船只上，从而节省时间并将成本降低70%。维切利以其女儿的名字命名的弗拉维亚港，并不是纯粹的生产力运动。这位工程师还增加了一些设计元素，包括一座混凝土塔，以及一个拱形的门道和窗户，给港口带来了一种通常与采矿枢纽不相关的优雅。如今，弗拉维亚港仍然是联合国教科文组织保护的旅游胜地。

An octagonal architectural treasure

Built in the 1240s by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II in southeast Italy, Castel del Monte (Castle of the Mount) features an unusual octagonal design. Eight stone walls stretch between eight octagonal towers and enclose an octagonal courtyard. Each of the two floors also has eight trapezoidal rooms. Acclaimed and protected as a World Heritage Site in 1966, the castle symbolically reflects a harmonious integration of classical Roman, Arabic, and medieval architecture and design—and to some, its octagonal symmetry suggests a connection between heaven and earth.

Its original purpose is unclear. Without a drawbridge, moat, or curtain wall to protect it, it was clearly not a defensive fortress, and its lack of stables call into question its function as a hunting lodge. Over the centuries it has served as a prison and as a refuge from the plague. But whatever the emperor's intention, he left a captivating monument that still enchants today.

八角形建筑瑰宝

蒙特城堡（山上城堡）建于1240年代，由神圣罗马皇帝腓特烈二世在意大利东南部建造，具有不同寻常的八角形设计。八堵石墙在八座八角形塔楼之间延伸，围绕着一个八角形庭院。两层楼各有八个梯形房间。1966年，这座城堡被誉为世界遗产，并受到保护。它象征性地反映了古典罗马、阿拉伯和中世纪建筑与设计的和谐结合，对某些人来说，它的八角对称性暗示着天地之间的联系。

其最初目的尚不清楚。由于没有吊桥、护城河或幕墙的保护，它显然不是一个防御堡垒，而且它没有马厩，这使它作为狩猎小屋的功能受到质疑。几个世纪以来，它一直被用作监狱和躲避瘟疫的避难所。但不管皇帝的意图是什么，他留下了一座迷人的纪念碑，至今仍令人着迷。

A center of antiquity on the Mediterranean

This bird's-eye view lets us take in the charms of Ortygia, a small island just offshore from Syracuse, on Sicily's east coast. Ortygia is considered Syracuse's 'old town' and the historical heart of the city. A narrow channel separates the island from Syracuse and two bridges connect Ortygia to mainland Sicily. Ancient Greeks first colonized this island in the 8th century BCE, and the town is brimming with 2,700 years of history. Walk Ortygia's web of narrow streets and you'll see Greek and Roman ruins, medieval Norman buildings, and examples of Baroque architecture as well.

A Homeric texts Hymn tells of claim the goddess Leto, who stopped at Ortygia to give birth to her twins, Artemis and Apollo. Visitors today can pay homage to the mythology with a visit to the Temple of Apollo, which dates from the 6th century BCE, making it the oldest Doric temple in Sicily. But for some, the most magnificent attraction to Ortygia is the cerulean Mediterranean Sea, which surrounds the island in a shimmery blue.

地中海上的古代中心

这张鸟瞰图让我们领略了奥蒂吉亚的魅力，奥蒂吉亚是西西里岛东海岸锡拉丘兹附近的一个小岛。奥蒂吉亚被认为是锡拉丘兹的“老城”和城市的历史中心。一条狭窄的水道将该岛与锡拉丘兹分隔开来，两座桥将奥尔蒂加岛与西西里岛大陆连接起来。古希腊人在公元前8世纪首次在这个岛上建立殖民地，这个城镇有2700年的历史。走在奥尔蒂加狭窄的街道网，你会看到希腊和罗马遗迹，中世纪的诺曼建筑，以及巴洛克建筑的例子。

荷马经文的一首赞美诗讲述了女神勒托的主张，她在奥蒂吉亚停下来生下了她的双胞胎，阿耳特弥斯和阿波罗。今天的游客可以通过参观阿波罗神庙来向神话致敬，阿波罗神庙可以追溯到公元前6世纪，是西西里岛最古老的多立克神庙。但对一些人来说，奥蒂吉亚最吸引人的地方是蔚蓝的地中海，它以闪烁的蓝色环绕着奥蒂吉亚岛。

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