标签 苏格兰 下的文章

基尔亨城堡倒映在奥湖中，阿盖尔-比特郡，苏格兰 Kilchurn Castle reflected in Loch Awe, Argyll and Bute, Scotland (© Tom Mackie/plainpicture)

探秘苏格兰的遗产 Reflecting Scotland's heritage

圣安德鲁日

穿上格子裙，吹响风笛吧——今天是圣安德鲁节！苏格兰的国庆节是当地的公共假日，不过并不是每个人都会在这一天放假。圣安德鲁不仅是一名渔夫，还是希腊、巴巴多斯、罗马尼亚和乌克兰等其他几个国家的守护神。他既是耶稣的使徒之一，也是基督教的关键人物。尽管圣安德鲁从未踏足苏格兰，但他的影响在苏格兰的圣安德鲁十字旗中得以永存，据说这面旗象征着他殉难时所用的十字架。

圣安德鲁日的庆祝活动既有传统的民间音乐，也有热闹的社区集会（指包含唱歌、跳舞和讲故事的社交聚会）。食物在庆祝活动中也扮演着重要角色。在这一天，人们会品尝到丰盛的苏格兰主食，如哈吉斯、马铃薯泥、芜菁甘蓝泥、烟熏三文鱼和燕麦饼。这一天也是苏格兰冬季节日的热身日，是圣诞节、苏格兰除夕和彭斯之夜的前奏。为了纪念这个节日，我们将参观位于苏格兰西部的历史地标之一：基尔亨城堡。这座城堡坐落在奥湖湖畔，由科林·坎贝尔爵士建于15世纪中叶。虽然这座城堡如今已是一片废墟，但仍能让人一窥苏格兰的中世纪历史和强大的坎贝尔氏族的风采。

Saint Andrew's Day

Put on your tartan and let the bagpipes play—it's St. Andrew's Day! Scotland's national day is a public holiday there—though not everyone takes the day off. A fisherman by trade, St. Andrew—also the patron saint of several other countries including Greece, Barbados, Romania, and Ukraine—was one of the 12 apostles and a key figure in Christianity. Though he never set foot in Scotland, his influence is immortalized in the country's flag, a white saltire on a blue background, said to represent the cross on which he was martyred.

Festivities on St. Andrew's Day range from traditional folk music to high-spirited cèilidhs—social gatherings that involve music, dancing, and storytelling. Food plays a central role in celebrations, too. Expect hearty servings of Scottish staples like haggis, neeps and tatties (mashed rutabaga and potatoes), smoked salmon, and oatcakes. The day also serves as a warm-up to Scotland's winter festivals, leading into Christmas, Hogmanay, and Burns Night. To mark this day, we're visiting Kilchurn Castle, a historic landmark in the Scottish Highlands. Perched on the banks of Loch Awe, the fortress was built in the mid-15th century by Sir Colin Campbell. Though this castle now stands in ruins, it still offers a glimpse into the country's medieval past and the powerful Clan Campbell.

斯卡拉布雷的新石器时代遗迹, 奥克尼群岛, 苏格兰 The neolithic settlement of Skara Brae, Orkney, Scotland (© Paul Williams - FunkyStock/Getty Images)

挖掘过去 Digging into the past

斯卡拉布雷

说起节日，考古可能不是人们首先想到的，但7月13日至28日举办的英国考古节将改变这一现状。自1990年创办以来，英国考古节已发展成一个为期两周的活动。从9月到7月的巧妙转变让考古迷们更容易探索夏季挖掘工作和各种文物奇迹。今年的主题是“考古与社区”，邀请英国各地的考古爱好者参加由遗产组织、地方协会和热心人士组织的一系列现场和虚拟活动。想象一下，站在苏格兰奥克尼群岛斯卡拉布雷古老的石屋中（如图所示），这是5000多年前，新石器时代的定居者繁衍生息的地方。这座史前奇迹因1850年的一场暴风雨而暴露，因其惊人的保存能力而被誉为“苏格兰庞贝古城”，它比巨石阵甚至大金字塔还要古老。因此，拿起你的小铲子，准备深入挖掘传奇的历史故事吧。谁知道你会发现什么呢？

Skara Brae, Orkney, Scotland

Imagine standing amid Skara Brae's ancient stone houses on Scotland's Orkney archipelago, pictured here, where Neolithic settlers thrived over 5,000 years ago. Village life ended sometime around 2500 BCE and for centuries the homes were buried beneath sand and earth, until they were uncovered by a storm in 1850. This prehistoric marvel is sometimes dubbed the 'Scottish Pompeii' due to its astonishing preservation—older than Stonehenge and the Great Pyramids. It's part of the wider Heart of Neolithic Orkney UNESCO World Heritage Site, alongside other prehistoric survivors including the huge Ring of Brodgar stone circle. If digging up the past appeals, the Festival of British Archaeology is running July 13-28. So, grab your trowel and get ready to dig deep into the incredible, storied past. Who knows what you'll discover!

布罗德加环，奥克尼岛，苏格兰 The Ring of Brodgar, Orkney, Scotland (© Paul Williams - FunkyStock/Getty Images)

历史的轮回 History has come full circle

布罗德加环，奥克尼岛，苏格兰

在苏格兰北部的奥克尼群岛的中心地带，有一个古老的谜团：布罗德加环。这个新石器时代的石圈是一种古老的圆形土方工程，可以追溯到公元前2500年到2000年之间，石圈的直径约为340英尺。该遗址位于两个湖泊之间的狭长地带，最初由60块石头组成，如今只剩下36块。该石圈的确切用途至今仍不得而知。为了进一步了解该遗址，一项名为“挖掘布罗德加环”的发掘项目于2008年启动，但该项目尚未取得任何结论性成果。1999年，包括布罗德加环在内的新石器时代的奥克尼中心地带被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。如果你计划去苏格兰旅行，不妨去布罗德加环逛逛。在这里，你不仅可以呼吸到清新的空气，还可以感受石圈的悠久历史。

Ring of Brodgar, Orkney, Scotland

At the heart of the Orkney Islands, an archipelago in northern Scotland, lies an ancient riddle: the Ring of Brodgar. Dating back to sometime between 2500 and 2000 BCE, this Neolithic henge—a type of ancient circular earthwork—and stone circle measure about 340 feet across. Lying on a narrow strip of land between two lochs, the site initially comprised 60 stones, although today only 36 remain. The exact purpose of the structure is still unknown, despite an excavation project at the site in 2008. In 1999, the Heart of Neolithic Orkney group of monuments, which includes the Ring of Brodgar, was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. If you are planning a trip to Scotland, consider walking amid the echoes of history at the Ring of Brodgar while the crisp Scottish air embraces you.

斯托尔，斯凯岛上展露的岩石尖峰，苏格兰，英国 The Storr, a rock outcrop on the Isle of Skye, Scotland (© Juan Maria Coy Vergara/Getty Images)

守望的老人 The Old Man on his watch

斯托尔，苏格兰，英国

苏格兰有很多自然奇观适合作为民间传说的背景，斯托尔就是其中之一。它位于斯凯岛，是一座高达160英尺的岩石尖峰。从某些角度看，它就像一位饱经风霜的老人。在这里，我们可以了解到苏格兰的守护神圣安德鲁的历史传说。历史上的苏格兰人以好客和友善著称，1320年苏格兰宣布独立时，他们将圣安德鲁定为守护神。为了记住自己的“苏格兰根”，在美国的苏格兰移民普及推广了圣安德鲁日的庆祝活动。而苏格兰并不是唯一庆祝圣安德鲁日的国家。从罗马尼亚到巴巴多斯，许多国家会以自己的传统方式纪念这位历史人物。

Saint Andrew's Day

Scotland's fantastical landscapes are steeped in folklore and myths. The Old Man of Storr—a 164-foot rocky pinnacle on the Isle of Skye—is no exception. So named because it is said to resemble a craggy man when viewed from the right angle, it has long inspired tales of giants and magic. The Old Man towers over the Trotternish Ridge, a 20-mile-long landslip that is home to many stunning and strange rock formations, each with their own stories.

It is also a suitably stunning site to toast Saint Andrew, who was named as Scotland's patron saint when the country declared its independence in 1320. The celebration of St. Andrew's Day was popularized by Scottish people in the US who wanted to connect to their roots. However, Scotland is not the only country to celebrate the saint. From Romania to Barbados, many nations celebrate the historic figure, applying their own traditions. Are you celebrating today?

斯利加坎老桥，苏格兰斯凯岛 Sligachan Old Bridge, Isle of Skye, Scotland (© Aliaume Chapelle/Tandem Stills + Motion)

魔法之河深不见底 Enchanted waters run deep

斯利加坎老桥，苏格兰斯凯岛

迷人的苏格兰斯凯岛上有一座斯利加坎老桥，在19世纪初，才华横溢的苏格兰土木工程师托马斯·特尔福德设计并建造了这座桥梁。桥拱横跨斯利加坎河，桥面仅供骑行者和行人通过，在河流下游有一座现代桥梁用于汽车通行。站在桥面那饱经风霜、朴素且长满青苔的石头上，游客可以眺望远处雄伟的库林山脉。根据当地的传说，斯利加坎河中蕴含着仙女赐予的神秘祝福，而那些敢于将脸浸入河水中的人，则会获得永久的美貌。

Sligachan Old Bridge, Isle of Skye, Scotland

The enchanting Isle of Skye in Scotland is home to the Sligachan Old Bridge, built by Thomas Telford, a prolific Scottish civil engineer, in the early 1800s. The bridge arches over a river of the same name, and carries only cyclists and pedestrians, while a modern bridge downstream serves cars. From atop the bridge's weathered, mossy stones, travelers can take in the majestic Cuillin Mountains in the distance. According to local tradition, the Sligachan River's water contains a mysterious blessing provided by fairies. Those who dare to immerse their faces in these waters are said to be gifted with timeless beauty.

艾琳多南堡，苏格兰高地 (© VisualCommunications/Getty Images)

湖滨城堡

艾琳多南堡，苏格兰

艾琳多南堡坐落在苏格兰三个湖泊的交汇处，其宁静的表面下，是数个世纪的风云动荡。维京人、封建贵族和起义军来来去去，在这个苏格兰西部高地的湖滨城堡里留下了他们的足迹。

艾琳多南城堡始建于13世纪，用来防御维京人。后来，艾琳多南城堡经历了至少四次重建。中世纪时，这座城堡大部分时间都处于麦肯齐家族及其盟友马克雷家族的掌控下。1719年詹姆斯党人叛乱期间，艾琳多南城堡被英国皇家海军的炮弹摧毁，荒废了200年。

艾琳多南城堡位于杜伊奇湖、朗湖和阿尔什湖的交汇处。1911年，陆军中校约翰·麦克雷-吉尔斯特拉普买下它，用了20多年的时间重建城堡，并于1932年对外开放。重建时，城堡还新增了一座石桥，跨湖连接陆地，让城堡变得更加实用、美观和现代。现在，艾琳多南堡已成为苏格兰高地最受欢迎的景点之一，它的形象经常出现在包装和广告上。

位于阿伯费尔迪桦树林中的罗伯特·彭斯雕像, 苏格兰 Statue of Robert Burns in the Birks of Aberfeldy, Perth and Kinross, Scotland (© Dennis Barnes/Getty Images)

谁写下了友谊天长地久？ Celebrating the Scottish Bard

纪念这位苏格兰诗人

今天是罗伯特·彭斯的生日，让我们向他说一声“生日快乐”！罗伯特·彭斯是著名苏格兰诗人，被视为浪漫主义运动的先驱。今天照片中展示的是位于珀斯-金罗斯的阿伯费尔迪桦树林中的罗伯特·彭斯雕像。为了纪念这位诗人，今天还有一个庆祝活动——彭斯之夜。人们会在活动上享用丰盛的晚餐，品尝着羊肚脍的同时朗诵彭斯的诗歌《羊肚脍颂》。晚会通常会以大家合唱《友谊地久天长》而结束，这首诗歌由彭斯于1788年创作。

Burns Night

Today we're wishing a very happy birthday to the man regarded as Scotland's national poet and a pioneer of the Romantic movement, Robert Burns. Perhaps you can celebrate by visiting his statue at the Birks of Aberfeldy in Perth and Kinross, as seen in today's photo. The birch trees here ('birks' in the Scots language) and a local waterfall inspired him to write a song lyric, 'The Birks of Aberfeldy,' in 1787.

You might also take part in Burns Night, a worldwide celebration that involves a lavish, multicourse dinner, a recital of Burns' 'Address to a Haggis,' and a serving of that poem's titular dish. After much discussion and several poetry readings, the night traditionally ends with guests singing the New Year's standard, 'Auld Lang Syne,' with words written by Burns himself in 1788.

斯托尔石山，天空之岛，苏格兰 (© Aliaume Chapelle/Tandem Stills + Motion)

天空之岛

斯托尔山，天空之岛，苏格兰

今天照片展示的是斯托尔山的老人峰，这座巨大的石峰耸立在英国最长的连续山体滑坡区之上。岛上有许多怪异而奇妙的岩石，都是由远古一次大滑坡形成的。

熔岩流、冰川和当地的气候共同造就了这幅奇幻的场景。著名的老人峰位于岛上“圣所”一域，在斯托尔山右侧，整体高约50米，与其他大型岩层相连。很久以前，熔岩流侵蚀岩层，而这块岩石逃过一劫，成了如今的老人峰。

远在几公里外，你便能享受斯托尔山的美景。但来到斯托尔山的人也将不虚此行，你可以在这里远眺拉赛岛和罗纳岛以及波特里城镇和库林丘陵的景色，还可以来一杯苏格兰纯麦威士忌。

凯恩戈姆斯的奎奇河上的圆形凹地, 苏格兰阿伯丁郡凯恩戈姆斯 Punch Bowl on the River Quoich in the Cairngorms, Aberdeenshire, Scotland (© AWL Images/Danita Delimont)

从大酒钵里喝一口 Take a sip from the Punchbowl

苏格兰阿伯丁郡的奎奇河

在苏格兰东部高地，一条小而受人喜爱的河流蜿蜒在凯恩戈姆山脉的森林高原上，流经一条峡谷。奎伊奇河是自然爱好者、徒步旅行者和勇敢的划桨者经常光顾的地方，他们愿意勇敢地面对它惊人的湍急水流和几处瀑布，其中就包括这里的奎伊奇林。这些瀑布以你在图片左侧看到的岩石中的碗状空洞而闻名。

这一被称为“Punch Bowl”的自然景观已成为那些游览河流并沿着河岸徒步3英里的游客的明星景点。据传说，拥有这些森林的18世纪贵族马尔伯爵会在洞顶上放一个仪式用的冲头碗，在成功猎鹿后从中喝水。英国在位时间最长的君主维多利亚女王也经常光顾这些松林，并在瀑布附近建了一座现已废弃的小屋。虽然奎奇河的美丽适合女王，但你不必成为皇室成员就可以享受它。

River Quoich in Aberdeenshire, Scotland

In the eastern Highlands of Scotland, tucked into the forested plateaus of the Cairngorms mountain range is a small but beloved river that runs through a ravine. The River Quoich is frequented by nature lovers, hikers, and intrepid paddlers willing to brave its surprisingly swift currents and its several waterfalls, including the one featured here, the Linn of Quoich. These falls are famous for the bowl-shaped cavity in the rock that you see on the left side of this image.

Called the Punch Bowl, this natural feature has become the star attraction for those who visit the river and take the 3-mile hike along its banks. According to lore, the Earl of Mar, the 18th-century nobleman who owned these woods, would place a ceremonial punch bowl atop the hole and drank from it after a successful deer hunt. Queen Victoria, Britain's longest-reigning monarch, also frequented these pine woods and built a now derelict lodge near the falls. While the beauty of the River Quoich is fit for a queen, you don't have to be royalty to enjoy it.

阿赫雷湖畔的泰莫特罗萨克斯城堡酒店，苏格兰 Tigh Mor Trossachs on Loch Achray, Scotland (© Fortunato Gatto/eStock Photo)

重温往日辉煌 Reflecting its stylish past today

苏格兰Achray湖上的Tigh Mor Trossachs

童话城堡？检查迷人的苏格兰背景？检查平静，宁静的湖水？检查如果Tigh Mor在你看来像田园诗一样，你并不孤单。维多利亚女王在这里度过了全盛时期，尽管这座建于1849年的老酒店多年来衰落了，但耗资数百万美元的修复让它重新回到了昔日的辉煌。

Tigh Mor坐落在苏格兰特罗萨赫的Achray湖上方，这一地区的景色令人惊叹，让艺术家和画家如飞蛾扑火。作家们也受到了它的美丽的启发：早在19世纪初，沃尔特·斯科特爵士的诗歌《湖中的女士》和小说《罗布·罗伊》就激起了人们对游览这片被称为“特罗萨克斯”的森林峡谷、布雷斯和水道的兴趣

今天，许多游客徒步旅行或骑自行车游览特罗萨克斯小径，这是一条美丽的40英里长的路线，从洛蒙湖开始，蜿蜒在河流和树林中，为家庭友好的探险以及山地自行车和攀岩者带来挑战。更像一个水的人？特罗萨克人还擅长独木舟、皮划艇、桨板、帆船、游泳以及在河流和湖泊上钓鱼。

Tigh Mor Trossachs on Loch Achray, Scotland

Fairy-tale castle? Check. Stunning Scottish backdrop? Check. Calm, tranquil loch? Check. If Tigh Mor looks idyllic to you, you're not alone. Queen Victoria spent time here in its heyday, and though the old hotel (it was built in 1849) declined over the years, a multimillion-dollar restoration has brought it right back to its former glory.

Tigh Mor sits above Loch Achray in Scotland's Trossachs, a region with scenery so stunning it draws artists and painters like moths to a flame. Writers are also inspired by its beauty: Way back in the early 1800s Sir Walter Scott's poem 'The Lady of the Lake' and novel 'Rob Roy' stirred interest in visiting this area of wooded glens, braes, and waterways called 'Trossachs.'

Today many visitors hike or bike the Trossachs Trail, a beautiful 40-mile route that starts at Loch Lomond and winds along rivers and through woods, offering family-friendly adventures as well as challenges for mountain bikers and rock-climbers. More of a water person? The Trossachs are also great for canoeing, kayaking, paddle boarding, sailing, swimming, and fishing on rivers and lochs aplenty.