标签华盛顿下的文章

帕卢斯连绵起伏的丘陵，华盛顿州，美国 Rolling hills of the Palouse, Washington (© svetlana57/Getty Images)

大自然的绿色地毯 Nature's green quilt

帕卢斯连绵起伏的丘陵，华盛顿州

一波又一波的柔软丘陵绵延于帕卢斯地区。这片宁静的区域位于华盛顿州东南部，向爱达荷州和俄勒冈州的边界延伸。覆盖着小麦的坡地随着季节更迭而变换色彩。春季，丘陵呈现出郁郁葱葱的绿色，年轻的小麦和大麦开始生长；夏季则转变为干燥的金黄色，作物即将收割。

常被誉为华盛顿州最宁静的自然奇观之一，帕卢斯地区标志性的起伏山丘源于一段古老而引人入胜的地质故事。这些类似沙丘的山丘并非由河流或地壳运动塑造，而是由来自干旱西南部的风吹尘土和细粒淤泥（即“黄土”）在数千年中逐渐堆积而成。在冰河时代，来自加拿大的冰川将岩石磨成细小的“冰川粉”，这些粉尘流入史前时期的冰川密苏拉湖。当冰坝决堤时，洪水席卷了华盛顿州东部，留下层层淤泥。随后，主导风将这些尘埃带到该地区，沉积成我们今天所见的丘陵。

Rolling hills of the Palouse, Washington

Wave after wave of velvety hills stretch across the Palouse. This tranquil region lies in southeastern Washington, extending to the borders of Idaho and Oregon. The wheat-covered slopes shift in color with every passing season. In spring, the hills turn lush shades of green as young wheat and barley begin to grow, while summer transforms them into dry, golden browns as the crops near harvest.

Often hailed as one of Washington State's most serene natural wonders, the Palouse owes its signature rolling hills to an ancient and fascinating geological story. These dune-like hills were shaped over thousands of years—not by rivers or tectonic shifts, but by windblown dust and fine silt, known as 'loess,' carried from the arid Southwest. During the Ice Ages, glaciers from Canada ground rock into fine 'glacial flour,' which flowed into the prehistoric Glacial Lake Missoula. When ice dams broke, floods swept across eastern Washington, leaving behind layers of silt. Prevailing winds later carried that dust to this region, settling it into the hills we see today.

奥林匹克国家公园石狮海滩，华盛顿州，美国 Shi Shi Beach in Olympic National Park, Washington (© T.M. Schultze/TANDEM Stills + Motion)

日落的阴影 Shades of sunset

石狮海滩，奥林匹克国家公园，华盛顿州

奥林匹克国家公园始建于1938年，是一处未受污染的荒野胜地。该公园位于华盛顿州奥林匹克半岛，占地近1,440平方英里。从冰川覆盖的高山到温带雨林，这里的生态系统如迷宫般错综复杂，既是野生动物的家园，也是探险家和历史爱好者的度假胜地。公园内的石狮海滩宁静美丽，太平洋的浪花拍打着海蚀柱和沙岸，正如今天的图片所示。这个国家公园被认定为国际生物圈保护区，拥有600英里长的小径，徒步旅行者可以沿着海岸线徒步跋涉，在“拱门点”观赏海滩的海拱门。游客可以近距离观赏奥林匹斯山，这里有红胸䴓、冬鹪鹩和斑点猫头鹰等300多种鸟类。观赏完美景后，游客还可以在新月湖中畅游一番。阿拉瓦角以北的沿海荒野地区，包括那里的海滩，2000多年来一直是太平洋西北海岸马卡部落的家园，游客可以在附近的马卡保留地了解其文化。

Shi Shi Beach, Olympic National Park, Washington

Olympic National Park, established in 1938, offers an escape into unspoiled wilderness. It covers nearly 1,440 square miles on Washington's Olympic Peninsula. With a labyrinth of ecosystems that range from glacier-capped mountains to temperate rainforests, the park is a home for wildlife and an International Biosphere Reserve. Within it lies Shi Shi Beach, a serene stretch where the Pacific laps against sea stacks and sandy shores, as seen in today's image.

From here, you can follow one of the park's many trails and trek along the coast to see the beach's sea arch at Point of the Arches, an outcrop that has over 30 sea stacks, columns of rock rising from the beach. Within the park, visitors can get a closer look at Mount Olympus, spot over 300 bird species like red-breasted nuthatches, winter wrens, and spotted owls. They can also take a refreshing swim in Lake Crescent. The coastal wilderness area north of Cape Alava, including Shi Shi Beach, has been home to the Makah Tribe of the Pacific Northwest Coast for over 2,000 years. Visitors can gain an insight into their culture at the nearby Makah Reservation.

迷人的水晶湖，高山湖泊，华盛顿州，美国 Crystal Lake in the Enchantments, Alpine Lakes Wilderness, Washington (© Mitch Pittman/Tandem Stills + Motion)

原始之美，人人共享 Unspoiled beauty for all

《荒野法》周年纪念日

有时候，逃离尘嚣也是一个不错的选择。多亏了环保主义者霍华德·扎尼泽，美国人才可以在该国众多的荒野之一中实现这一愿望。尽管创建国家森林公园等保护工作始于19世纪末，但到1960年代，原始的荒野面积已减少到仅占全国土地面积的2.5%。为了扭转这一趋势，扎尼泽起草了许多保护性条款，它们后来成为《荒野法》的大部分内容。该法案于1964年9月3日由林登·约翰逊总统签署成为法律，如今保护着超1.09亿英亩的土地——占美国土地的5%。

图中所示的水晶湖就位于这样一个保护区内。它坐落于华盛顿州的高山湖泊，这个“魔幻仙境”拥有700多个湖泊和池塘，以及美国西部一些最佳的攀岩地点。这里也是高山山羊、雷鸟、鼠兔以及多种高山花卉的家园。不过，如果您想亲眼目睹高山湖泊的风光，就得做好等待的准备。日间徒步旅行的许可证很少，去年参加过夜许可证抽签的40,000人中，只有2558人获得了许可证。

Wilderness Act anniversary

Sometimes it's nice to get away. Thanks to environmentalist Howard Zahniser, Americans can do that in one of the country's many wildernesses—sheltered from human activities. While the protection of national forests and parks began in the late 1800s, untamed wilderness had dwindled to only 2.5% of US land by the 1960s. To reverse this trend, Zahniser wrote most of what became the Wilderness Act. Signed into law by President Lyndon Johnson on September 3, 1964, today it protects more than 109 million acres—5% of the land in the US.

Pictured in today's image, Crystal Lake, in the Enchantments, Washington, is in one such protected area. Located in the Alpine Lakes Wilderness, the Enchantments region has more than 700 lakes and ponds and some of the best rock climbing in the Western US. It's also home to mountain goats, ptarmigan, pikas, and many alpine flowers. If you want to see Alpine Lakes Wilderness yourself, however, be prepared to wait. Few permits are granted for day hikes, and of the 40,000 people who entered last year's lottery for overnight permits, only 2,558 received one.

雷尼尔山国家公园的野花，华盛顿州，美国 Wildflowers in Mount Rainier National Park, Washington (© RomanKhomlyak/Getty Images)

风雨无阻 Come Rainier or shine

雷尼尔山国家公园

在雷尼尔山冰川的注视下，成片的野花绽放出勃勃的生机。每年夏天，这座山周围的草地上都会盛开着色彩鲜艳的亚高山花朵：紫色的紫菀、粉色的珊瑚兰和黄色的虎皮花只是这里的部分植物。雷尼尔山又名塔霍马山，海拔超14400英尺，是华盛顿州最高的山峰。它被36平方英里的冰川和永久雪原覆盖，是美国48个州中冰川覆盖率最高的山峰。
雷尼尔山国家公园占地23.6万英亩，包括高山、瀑布、草地和原始森林。除了各种植物外，公园里还生活着美洲狮、海狸、白头鹰和游隼等各种生物。雷尼尔山国家公园是一个颇受欢迎的登山目的地，每年约有10,000人试图攀登这座山。游客还可以沿着各种各样的小径徒步旅行。7月和8月是雷尼尔山最阳光明媚的时候，是游览雷尼尔山的最佳时间。

Mount Rainier National Park

In the shadow of Mount Rainier, a carpet of wildflowers bursts into life. Every summer, the meadows around this mountain are colored with vivid shades of blooming subalpine flowers: purple asters, pink coralroot, and yellow tiger lilies, and more. Also known as Tahoma, at over 14,400 feet, Mount Rainier is the tallest mountain in the state of Washington. It is covered by 36 square miles of glaciers and permanent snowfields, the highest glacier ice cover of any mountain in the lower 48 states.

Mount Rainier National Park encompasses mountains, waterfalls, meadows, and old-growth forests and teems with life, from cougars and beavers to bald eagles and peregrine falcons. It is also a popular climbing destination, with some 10,000 people attempting to scale the mountain every year while others enjoy hiking along its trails. It's never sunnier in Rainier than in July and August, making summer the perfect time to visit.

香根和羽扇豆，梅索谷，北喀斯喀特，华盛顿州，美国 Balsamroot and lupines, Methow Valley, North Cascades, Washington (© Alan Majchrowicz/Getty Images)

野性与自由 Wild and free

梅索谷，北喀斯喀特，华盛顿州

如果你想寻觅野花铺满青草地这样生机盎然的地方，华盛顿州北喀斯喀特山脉的梅索谷就是你的理想之地。羽扇豆开着紫色、蓝色和白色的尖尖的花朵，箭叶香根开着金黄色的大花朵，配上崎岖的山脉作为背景，造就了如诗如画般的美景。这些花朵在山谷的生态系统中也发挥着至关重要的作用，羽扇豆是固氮植物，它们通过将大气中的氮转化为邻近植物可以吸收和利用的形态来提高土壤肥力。另一方面，箭叶香根能吸引蜜蜂和蝴蝶等传粉者，有助于植物繁殖，进而促进该地区的生物多样性。无论你是经验丰富的植物学家还是自然爱好者，梅索谷的野花和迷人的荒野一定会给你留下深刻的印象。

Methow Valley, North Cascades, Washington

If you're looking for meadows blanketed with vibrant wildflowers, the Methow Valley in the North Cascade Mountains, Washington, is the place for you. The spiky purple, blue, and white lupines and golden balsamroot flowers create a picturesque contrast with the area's rugged mountains. These flowers also play crucial roles in the valley's ecosystem. Lupines are nitrogen-fixing plants which help to improve soil fertility while balsamroot attracts pollinators like bees and butterflies, helping plants to reproduce and contributing to the biodiversity of the region. Whether you're a seasoned botanist or nature enthusiast, the wildflowers of the Methow Valley will surely leave a lasting impression of the enchanting wilderness.

卡拉洛奇树，又名生命之树，卡拉洛奇海滩，奥林匹克国家公园，华盛顿州，美国 Kalaloch Tree of Life, Kalaloch Beach, Olympic National Park, Washington (© Abbie Warnock-Matthews/Shutterstock)

这棵树是个快乐的家伙！ For tree's a jolly good fellow

生命之树，华盛顿州，美国

美国第一个植树节是在1872年举行的，从那以后，这项活动真正地生根发芽。每年四月的最后一个星期五，美国各地的人们都会通过植树来纪念这个节日，通常会把这些树献给所爱的人。这一天也是纪念树木的好日子——树木不仅为无数种动物提供家园，还能吸收二氧化碳，净化我们呼吸的空气，帮助城市保持凉爽，甚至还能起到预防洪水的作用。

图中这棵神奇的树是位于华盛顿州福克斯的卡拉洛奇生命之树。这棵大型西提卡云杉的根系似乎不受地心引力的影响，紧紧贴在一条小沟壑的两侧。树下的土壤正在被流入太平洋的溪流慢慢冲刷，但不知何故，生命之树仍在继续生长。鉴于它的生命意志，不难理解这棵树是如何赢得这个绰号的。

Arbor Day

The first Arbor Day in the US was held in 1872. Since then, the event has really taken root. On the last Friday of April, people across the country mark the occasion by planting trees, often dedicating them to a loved one. It's also a great day to celebrate trees themselves. As well as providing homes for countless species of animals, trees absorb carbon dioxide and clean the air we breathe. They also help to keep cities cooler and can even play a role in preventing floods.

The amazing tree in today's image is the Tree of Life at Kalaloch Beach on Washington's Pacific coast. Seemingly defying gravity, this large Sitka spruce's roots cling to the sides of a small gully. The soil under the tree is slowly being worn away by a stream that flows into the Pacific Ocean, yet, somehow, the Tree of Life continues to grow. Given its will to live, it's easy to understand how this tree earned its nickname.

郁金香田，斯卡吉特山谷，华盛顿州，美国 Tulip fields in spring, Skagit Valley, Washington (© Claudia Cooper/Getty Images)

踮起脚尖，穿过郁金香 Tiptoe through the tulips

斯卡吉特山谷郁金香节

在弗农山的阴影下，鲜艳的花朵为大地涂上一层色彩，造就了一幅真实的画卷，华盛顿斯卡吉特山谷的郁金香节正在等你。郁金香节于1984年由弗农山商会创办，最初的活动为期三天，后来发展成为为期一个月的盛会。节日从四月持续到五月，吸引了来自世界各地的游客。花展横跨山谷中的多个花园，千万不要错过郁金香镇、郁金香谷农场、罗莎琳花园以及鲁森加德占地50英亩的花展，你可以骑自行车游览郁金香花园，还可以探索当地的酒庄、酿酒厂和餐馆。漫步花间，生活放慢了脚步，让我们记住简单的快乐：深呼吸，绽放笑容，沉醉在斯卡吉特山谷郁金香节的美景中。

Skagit Valley Tulip Festival in Washington

Walk through a real-life canvas in a farming valley in Washington, where vibrant blossoms paint the Earth. That's exactly what awaits you at the Skagit Valley Tulip Festival, held in the city of Mount Vernon and surrounding towns. Founded in 1984 as a three-day event, it has grown into a month-long fiesta which runs from April to May and draws visitors from all over the world. The floral show spans multiple gardens in the valley, so make sure you explore Tulip Town, Tulip Valley Farms, Garden Rosalyn, and the 50-acre display at RoozenGaarde. You can tour the tulip gardens by bicycle and explore the local wineries, breweries, and restaurants. Among the petals, life slows down just enough for us to remember the simple joys—breathe deeply, smile widely, and revel in nature's spectacle.

奥林匹克国家公园霍河雨林中的苔藓大厅，华盛顿州，美国 Hall of Mosses trail in the Hoh Rain Forest, Olympic National Park, Washington (© James Randklev/Getty Images)

不一样的热带雨林 A different kind of rainforest

绿色星期五

想象一下，你可以花一天时间在森林里徒步，沉浸在郁郁葱葱的绿色空间中，而不是疯狂地检查节假日购物清单上的一件件商品。欢迎来到“绿色星期五”！它是“黑色星期五”的环保替代品，创立于2015年。在“绿色星期五”，我们鼓励人们在购物时做出更加理智的选择，拥抱大自然，拒绝冲动性消费。因此，请在这个绿色星期五让自己暂停片刻，投入大自然的怀抱吧！

奥林匹克国家公园的苔藓长廊位于华盛顿州的霍河雨林。这片雨林不同于大多数人印象中的热带雨林，它有一条短暂但迷人的环形幽径，是各类苔藓的家园，这些苔藓优雅地覆盖在雄伟的云杉和铁杉上。去这里前请记得带件外套，因为这片森林是美国本土最潮湿的地方，年降雨量接近130英寸。难怪这里如此绿意盎然！

Hoh Rain Forest, Olympic National Park, Washington

Imagine spending the day hiking amid these moss-covered trees instead of frantically checking items off your holiday shopping list. Welcome to Green Friday, the environmental alternative to Black Friday. The aim is to encourage people to make ethical shopping choices—or to refrain from shopping altogether and embrace nature instead.

A good place to start is the Hall of Mosses at Olympic National Park, in Washington's Hoh Rain Forest. This fantastical landscape is a temperate rainforest with an enchanting loop trail through mosses gracefully draped over majestic spruces and hemlocks. Bring a jacket though; this forest is the wettest in the contiguous United States with an annual rainfall of nearly 130 inches. No wonder it's so green!

金色落叶松和普鲁西克峰，魔力地带，华盛顿州，美国 Golden larches and Prusik Peak, Enchantments, Washington (© Jim Patterson/Tandem Stills + Motion)

确实令人着迷 Enchanting indeed

金色落叶松和普鲁西克峰，魔力地带，华盛顿州

华盛顿州的魔力地带拥有700多个高山湖泊和池塘。早在欧洲定居者到来之前，魔力地带是美国原住民雅基马、奇努克和韦纳奇部落的家园。20世纪的伐木和采矿浪潮改变了这里的大部分地貌。如今，成群的山羊在公园里吃草，岩雷鸟在树上栖息。落叶松的针叶变成了金黄色，给岩石地形投下了温暖的光辉，这片土地也随之发生了变化。普鲁西克峰在魔力地带中脱颖而出，它不仅是华盛顿州喀斯喀特山脉阿尔卑斯湖荒野区的一颗璀璨明珠，也是该地区和魔力地带的象征。对于经验丰富的徒步旅行者和攀岩者来说，这是一个绝佳的地点，这里有各种难度的攀岩路线，吸引着熟练的登山者或冒险者一试身手。

Golden larches and Prusik Peak, the Enchantments, Washington

That jagged granite summit is Prusik Peak, an icon of Washington state's Enchantments region, high in the Cascade Mountain range. Getting here means a long, strenuous hike, and for much of the year it is covered in snow. But from midsummer through the fall, hikers and climbers arrive here as the larch trees turn golden. The granite peaks and autumnal colors are not the only attractions. The Enchantments boasts more than 700 alpine lakes and ponds, as well as herds of grazing mountain goats that roam this corner of the scenic Alpine Lakes Wilderness.

宛若仙境的帕卢斯田园 Perfect, pastoral Palouse

帕卢斯的农田，华盛顿，美国

美国的帕卢斯地区以风景如画的景观和独特的地质特征而闻名。延绵起伏的丘陵田原一望无际，错落有致、金绿相间的麦浪美不胜收，相比意大利的托斯卡纳和法国乡村也毫不逊色。帕卢斯是一个农业区，当地土壤肥沃和气候适宜，盛产小麦、大麦、豌豆和小扁豆等。

Palouse farmland, Washington state

The Palouse region in the Pacific Northwest is known for its picturesque landscapes, agricultural heritage, and unique geological features. Those stunning hills in our homepage image were formed over tens of thousands of years, from dust and silt blown by the wind, known as loess. The Palouse's fertile soil and climate make it ideal for farming and it is known for its wheat, barley, lentils, and other crops. With its beautiful rolling hills covered in patchworks of green and golden fields, it is often compared to Italy's Tuscany region or the French countryside.

星空迷