标签 银河 下的文章

罗兰豁口上空的银河，法国上比利牛斯省 Milky Way behind Roland's Breach in the Pyrenees, Hautes-Pyrénées, France (© SPANI Arnaud/Alamy)

从天而降的魔法 Magic fallen from the sky

Roland's Breach in the Pyrenees

This is the kind of image in front of which one cannot help but emit a "wow" of wonder. We are in front of the Roland's Breach, located on the periphery of the Cirque de Gavarnie, in the Hautes-Pyrénées, and behind which flow the billions of stars of the Milky Way. Very popular with hikers, this gap is a natural hole, 40 meters wide and 70 meters deep. Located at an altitude of 2807 meters, it plays the role of a mountain pass which marks the border between Spain and France on all its width.

According to the legend, the breach was created by Roland, Charlemagne's nephew, while he was trying to destroy his sword by hitting it against the rock.

The Cirque de Gavarnie is one of the most impressive sites in the French Pyrenees and was even listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997.

比利牛斯山脉的罗兰豁口

这是一种让人忍不住发出“哇”一声惊叹的图像。我们就在罗兰豁口的前面，位于上皮雷内的加瓦尼圆环的边缘，银河系的数十亿颗恒星就在这一缺豁口的后面。非常受徒步旅行者欢迎，这个豁口是一个天然的洞，宽40米，深70米。它位于海拔2807米处，起着山口的作用，在整个宽度上标志着西班牙和法国之间的边界。

根据传说，这个豁口是查理曼大帝的侄子罗兰（Roland）创造的，当时他正试图用剑撞击岩石来摧毁他的剑。

加瓦尼马戏团是法国比利牛斯山脉最令人印象深刻的景点之一，1997年甚至被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。

多洛米蒂山上空的银河，意大利 Dolomite Mountains at night with the Milky Way, Italy (© Carlos Fernandez/Getty Images)

彩虹桥 The Rainbow Bridge

Dolomites

Few places in Europe offer the opportunity to take in the Milky Way like the Dolomites. Far from cities and light pollution, and thousands of feet above sea level, the Dolomites offer a stunning, vibrant night sky above shear, jagged peaks that cut the dark. Also known as the 'Pale Mountains,' the Dolomites are named for the carbonate rock they are composed of, which was in turn named after 18th-century French mineralogist Déodat Gratet de Dolomieu, the first scientist to describe the mineral.

The Dolomite region in northeastern Italy boasts more than 2,100 named mountains, including the 'Queen of the Dolomites,' Marmolada, whose Punta Penía is the highest peak of the range. Nature lovers, hikers, and climbers flock to the Dolomites in summer, and the slopes are dominated by skiers and snowboarders during the long winter months. One sure way to appreciate the Dolomites' impressive peaks is to take a hot air balloon over the range.

白云石

欧洲很少有地方像白云石那样有机会进入银河系。远离城市和光污染，海拔数千英尺，白云石在剪切、参差不齐的山峰上提供了一个令人惊叹的、充满活力的夜空，切断了黑暗。白云石也被称为“苍白山脉”，因其组成的碳酸盐岩而命名，而碳酸盐岩又是以18世纪法国矿物学家Déodat Gratte de Dolomieu的名字命名的，他是第一位描述这种矿物的科学家。

意大利东北部的白云石地区拥有2100多座被命名的山脉，其中包括“白云石女王”马尔莫拉达（Marmolada），其蓬塔彭尼亚峰（Punta Penía）是该山脉的最高峰。夏季，热爱大自然的人、徒步旅行者和登山者成群结队地来到白云石，在漫长的冬季，山坡上主要是滑雪者和滑雪者。欣赏白云石令人印象深刻的山峰的一个可靠方法是乘坐热气球飞越这一范围。

半穹顶景观点上空的银河，优胜美地国家公园，加利福尼亚州 Milky Way rising above Half Dome in Yosemite National Park, California (© Cory Marshall/Tandem Stills + Motion)

你能把灯关掉吗? Could you turn off the lights?

Dark Sky Week

During International Dark Sky Week, we're counting ourselves lucky to have this spectacular nighttime view, considering the astonishing fact that 83% of the global population lives under a light-polluted sky. Unneeded artificial light is classified as a pollutant and has been proven to have harmful side effects. Not only does it waste money and energy, it also disrupts plants and animals, is believed to impact the climate, and blocks our view of the universe.

Encouraging people to get away from artificial light is one of the goals of International Dark Sky Week, and today's photo shows just how magnificent that can be. Here, we're treated to a beautiful view of the Milky Way from Yosemite National Park in California. Yosemite is part of a network of national parks monitoring dark night skies to gather a complete data set of light pollution. They've learned that 'two-thirds of Americans cannot see the Milky Way from their backyard, and if current light pollution trends continue, there will be almost no dark skies left in the contiguous United States by 2025.'

Luckily, dark sky is a recoverable resource. There are ways to reduce our light use and improve the view of the night sky for everyone. Think about it over the course of the next week, preferably while gazing at a night sky undisturbed by light pollution—or at least a beautiful photo of one.

黑暗天空周

在国际黑暗天空周期间，考虑到全球83%的人口生活在轻度污染的天空下这一令人震惊的事实，我们认为自己有幸拥有这一壮观的夜景。不需要的人造光被归类为污染物，并已被证明具有有害的副作用。它不仅浪费金钱和能源，还扰乱动植物，被认为会影响气候，阻碍我们对宇宙的看法。

鼓励人们远离人造光是国际黑暗天空周的目标之一，今天的照片展示了这是多么壮观。在这里，我们可以在加利福尼亚州约塞米蒂国家公园欣赏到银河系的美景。约塞米蒂是国家公园网络的一部分，该网络监测黑夜天空，以收集光污染的完整数据集。他们了解到，“三分之二的美国人无法从自家后院看到银河系，如果目前的光污染趋势继续下去，到2025年，毗邻的美国将几乎没有黑暗的天空。”

幸运的是，黑暗的天空是一种可回收的资源。有一些方法可以减少我们的光线使用，改善每个人的夜空视野。在接下来的一周里好好想想，最好是在凝视没有光污染的夜空时，或者至少是一张美丽的照片。

雷尼尔山上空的银河星系，美国华盛顿州 Moonlight and the Milky Way over Mount Rainier in Mount Rainier National Park, Washington (© Brad Goldpaint/Cavan)

123岁生日快乐！ Happy 123rd birthday

Mount Rainier National Park

Mount Rainier is the crown jewel of its namesake national park, designated March 2, 1899, by President William McKinley. It was just the fifth national park in the United States. Beyond the mountain, the 369-square-mile park also includes valleys, waterfalls, old-growth forests, and pristine alpine meadows famous for summer wildflowers.

Rainier is considered the most glaciated peak in the contiguous US. Native Americans named it Tahoma, which translates to mother of waters. Indeed, the mountain spawns five major rivers, and to this day, its snowmelt provides much of the water for the region.

Although beautiful, Rainier is also one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world. Scientists consider an eruption in the near future to be highly probable. In addition to spewing ash and triggering landslides, a major eruption would likely trigger massive mudflows, called lahars, that would send a tsunami of mud, boulders, and debris toward the cities of Tacoma and Seattle, only 100 miles away. For now, we'll just admire the majesty of this sleeping giant and be thankful that the national park protects so much pristine northwest wilderness.

雷尼尔山国家公园

雷尼尔山是威廉·麦金利总统于1899年3月2日指定的同名国家公园的皇冠明珠。它只是美国的第五个国家公园。在山的另一边，369平方英里的公园还包括山谷、瀑布、古老的森林和以夏季野花闻名的原始高山草甸。

雷尼尔峰被认为是美国周边冰川最为严重的山峰。美洲原住民将其命名为Tahoma，意为“水之母”。事实上，这座山孕育了五条主要河流，直到今天，它的融雪为该地区提供了大量的水。

雷尼尔火山虽然美丽，但也是世界上最危险的火山之一。科学家认为在不久的将来爆发是极有可能的。除了喷发火山灰和引发山体滑坡外，一次大的火山喷发可能会引发大规模的泥流，称为lahars，这将向仅100英里外的塔科马和西雅图两座城市带来一场由泥浆、巨石和碎片组成的海啸。现在，我们只想欣赏这位沉睡巨人的威严，感谢国家公园保护了如此多原始的西北荒野。