标签英国下的文章

七姐妹悬崖上的警卫小屋，英国东萨塞克斯郡 (© Paul Daniels/Alamy)

东萨塞克斯郡的白色悬崖

安格尔西岛上的Tŵr Mawr 灯塔，英国威尔士 Tŵr Mawr lighthouse on Llanddwyn Island, Anglesey, Wales (© Joe Daniel Price/Getty Images)

Saint Dwynwen's Day

Love is in the air on Llanddwyn Island at the southern tip of Anglesey, a much bigger island just off the north-west coast of Wales. Each year on January 25, Cupid aims his arrow toward the people of Wales who celebrate St. Dwynwen's Day–the Welsh version of St. Valentine's Day. St. Dwynwen is Wales' patron saint of lovers, although she was rather unlucky in that department after falling head over heels for a man she wasn't allowed to marry. The 5th-century princess' heartache led her to dedicate her life to God and pray for true lovers to have better fortune than her own. In return, Dwynwen became a nun and set up a convent here on Llanddwyn.

Despite its name, Llanddwyn Island is cut off from Anglesey's mainland only during very high tides. Since the 19th century, it has been home to Tŵr Mawr lighthouse (meaning 'great tower' in Welsh). The design of the lighthouse, seen in our photo today, is inspired by the area's many windmills. Just out of frame, you will find the remains of the church Dwynwen founded, along with a well named after her. It became a place of pilgrimage following her death. Legend has it that the well is home to sacred fish that can predict whether couples' relationships will succeed.

圣德温节

在安格西岛南端的兰德温岛上，爱在空中飘荡。安格西岛是威尔士西北海岸附近一个更大的岛屿。每年的1月25日，丘比特都会把箭射向威尔士人，他们庆祝圣德温节——威尔士版的圣瓦伦丁节。圣德温是威尔士的情人守护神，尽管她在那个部门很不幸，因为她被一个不允许嫁给的男人迷住了。这位五世纪公主的心痛促使她将自己的一生献给上帝，并祈祷真正的情人拥有比自己更好的财富。作为回报，德温温成为了一名修女，并在兰德温建立了一所修道院。

尽管兰德温岛名为兰德温岛，但只有在涨潮时，它才与安格西岛的大陆隔绝。自19世纪以来，它一直是Tŵr Mawr灯塔（威尔士语中的“大塔”意思）的所在地。我们今天的照片中看到的灯塔的设计灵感来自该地区的许多风车。刚走出画面，你会发现德温温创建的教堂的遗迹，以及一座以她的名字命名的教堂。她死后，这里成了朝圣之地。传说这口井是圣鱼的家园，可以预测夫妻关系是否会成功。

薄雾中的格拉斯顿伯里托尔，英格兰萨默塞特郡 Glastonbury Tor, Somerset, England (© DEEPOL by plainpicture/Adam Burton)

古老的水青冈树，英国北安普顿郡 (© Andrew Baskott/Alamy)

托利莫尔森林公园的弗利桥，英国北爱尔兰 (© Adrian McGlynn/Alamy)

史诺多尼亚国家公园的Capel Curig，英国威尔士 Capel Curig in Snowdonia National Park, Wales, United Kingdom (© Sebastian Wasek/Sime/eStock Photo)

A Welsh wonder turns 70

Here on the west coast of Great Britain, we're enjoying views of the windswept uplands and jagged peaks that surround the small village of Capel Curig in the heart of Snowdonia National Park. Renowned for its rugged and mountainous landscape, Snowdonia is the largest national park in Wales and home to over 26,000 people—and even more sheep—the wooly farm animals outnumber people three to one in Wales. About 60% of the park's population speak Welsh, one of Europe's oldest languages, and today they will be wishing this spectacular setting a 'pen-blwydd hapus' (happy birthday) as Snowdonia celebrates its 70th anniversary.

Established on October 18, 1951 as the first national park in Wales, Snowdonia boasts nine mountain ranges that cover just over half the park's 823 square miles. Its most popular peak is Snowdon (Yr Wyddfa in the local Welsh tongue), the tallest mountain in Wales and England, which you can see in the background of our photo. At 3,560 feet, Snowdon is one of 15 mountains within the park that top 3,000 feet, and they're clustered close enough together to make it possible to reach all 15 summits within 24 hours, a challenge known as the Welsh 3000s.

威尔士奇迹70岁

在英国西海岸，我们可以欣赏到斯诺多尼亚国家公园中心的卡佩尔·库里小村庄周围被风吹过的高地和参差不齐的山峰。斯诺登尼亚以其崎岖多山的景观而闻名，是威尔士最大的国家公园，居住着26000多人，甚至更多的绵羊。在威尔士，羊毛农场动物的数量比人多三倍。大约60%的公园人口讲威尔士语，威尔士语是欧洲最古老的语言之一。今天，在斯诺多尼亚庆祝其70周年之际，他们将祝愿这一壮观的场景成为“彭·布吕德·哈布斯”（生日快乐）。

斯诺登尼亚于1951年10月18日建立，是威尔士的第一个国家公园，拥有九座山脉，占地823平方英里，略超过公园面积的一半。它最受欢迎的山峰是斯诺登（当地威尔士语中的Yr Wyddfa），这是威尔士和英格兰最高的山峰，你可以在我们的照片背景中看到。斯诺登海拔3560英尺，是公园内海拔3000英尺的15座山峰之一，它们聚集在一起，足以在24小时内到达所有15座山峰，这一挑战被称为威尔士3000山脉。

侏罗纪时期的鱼龙化石，英国多塞特 An ichthyosaur fossil of the Jurassic period, Dinosaurland Fossil Museum, Lyme Regis, Dorset, England (© Christopher Jones/Alamy)

Celebrating a young girl's age-old discovery

When 12-year-old Mary Anning uncovered the complete skeleton of a fish-like creature near her home on England's southern coast in 1811, extinction was a shaky idea in science. Fossils were nothing new—everything dies and leaves remains, after all. But could an entire species really die off? Were more of these 17-foot sea monsters lurking in the depths of the English Channel?

The fact that ichthyosaurs like this went extinct 90 million years ago seems obvious today (which, by the way, is National Fossil Day). But though such definite answers were still only suspicions during Mary Anning's lifetime, she persisted with paleontology. Her prolific fossil finds fueled both public interest and scientific understanding, and she even discovered two more species in her 20s: the pterodactyl and the plesiosaur. Though she died young at 47, largely denied recognition as a woman in Victorian society, her influence endures like the fossils that fascinated her.

庆祝一个年轻女孩的古老发现

1811年，当12岁的玛丽·安宁（Mary Anning）在她位于英格兰南部海岸的家附近发现了一具鱼形生物的完整骨架时，灭绝在科学上是一个不可靠的想法。化石并不是什么新鲜事，毕竟，一切都会死去，树叶也会留下。但整个物种真的会灭绝吗？这些17英尺高的海怪中有更多潜伏在英吉利海峡深处吗？

像这样的鱼龙在9000万年前灭绝的事实在今天看来是显而易见的（顺便说一句，这是国家化石日）。但尽管在玛丽·安宁的一生中，这些明确的答案仍然只是怀疑，但她坚持使用古生物学。她丰富的化石发现激发了公众兴趣和科学理解，她甚至在20多岁的时候又发现了两个物种：翼手龙和蛇颈龙。尽管她英年早逝，享年47岁，在维多利亚时代基本上被否认是一名女性，但她的影响就像让她着迷的化石一样持久。

布里斯托尔海峡的伯恩贝克码头，英国滨海韦斯顿北索美塞得 Birnbeck Pier on the Bristol Channel in Weston-super-Mare, England (© Stephen Davies/Adobe Stock)

End of the pier?

This peaceful but derelict pier, on England’s south-west coast, was a hub of activity back in its heyday. Designed by the famous pier builder Eugenius Birch, Birnbeck Pier – sometimes called the Old Pier – opened in Weston-super-Mare in 1867. Victorian day trippers would arrive on steamships to enjoy fairground rides, a travelling cinema and skating rink. Welsh visitors would turn up to buy a drink in the pier’s bars on a Sunday, a day when the sale of alcohol was banned over the border. You can still see the old lifeboat house and slipway on Birnbeck Island, a reminder of its history as a base for the RNLI. The Bristol Channel has the second highest tidal range in the world and the island offered a good launching point for its lifeboats, which might otherwise have been cut off by mudflats at lower tides.

Birnbeck Pier is the only British pier which connects the mainland to an island, and its light structure, based on 15 groups of iron columns, has helped it weather 150 years of battering by the sea. But the end of paddle steamers in the 1970s, the opening of the Severn Bridge linking England to Wales, the boom in foreign holidays and competition from a rival pier marked the beginning of the end for the Old Pier which finally closed to the public in 1994. The elements have long battered the Grade II listed structure and it was added to Historic England’s at-risk register in 1999. Local campaigners are trying to save it from collapse and the RNLI has expressed an interest in returning to the island if efforts by North Somerset Council to purchase the pier are successful.

码头的尽头？

这座位于英格兰西南海岸的宁静而废弃的码头，在其鼎盛时期曾是一个活动中心。由著名的码头建造商尤金·伯奇（Euginius Birch）设计的Birnbeck码头——有时被称为旧码头——于1867年在威斯顿超级马尔（Weston super Mare）开业。维多利亚时代的一日游者将乘坐汽船抵达，享受游乐场、电影院和溜冰场的乐趣。威尔士游客会在周日出现在码头的酒吧里买饮料，而这一天，边境地区禁止出售酒精饮料。你仍然可以看到Birnbeck岛上的旧救生艇屋和滑道，这让人想起它作为RNLI基地的历史。布里斯托尔海峡拥有世界上第二高的潮差，该岛为其救生艇提供了一个良好的下水点，否则在低潮时可能会被泥滩切断。

Birnbeck码头是英国唯一一个连接大陆和岛屿的码头，其由15组铁柱组成的轻型结构帮助其经受了150年的海水冲击。但是，20世纪70年代桨式轮船的终结、连接英格兰和威尔士的塞文大桥的开通、国外假日的繁荣以及来自竞争对手码头的竞争标志着旧码头的终结开始，该码头最终于1994年对公众关闭。这些元素长期以来一直在破坏二级结构，并于1999年被添加到历史悠久的英格兰风险登记册中。当地活动人士正试图将其从倒塌中拯救出来，如果北萨默塞特委员会成功购买该码头，RNLI已表示有兴趣返回该岛。

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