标签苏格兰下的文章

仙境之旅

夜晚的爱丁堡城市天际线，苏格兰 Edinburgh city skyline at night, Scotland (© Suranga Weeratuna/Alamy)

节日热潮 Festival fever

Edinburgh festivals

Here's the world-famous Edinburgh Castle, lit up in all its glory as it keeps watch over Scotland's capital city. Today the castle hosts the Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo, a full-on Scottish experience, with bagpipes, drums, and seemingly enough kilts to cover all of Scotland. Enthusiastic visitors can also indulge in whisky and haggis in one of the many hostelries on the Royal Mile, the colorful, bustling historic street that wends its way from the castle down to the Palace of Holyroodhouse, Queen Elizabeth II's official residence in Scotland.

The Tattoo is a spectacular show of military music, dancing, and ceremony that runs alongside the Edinburgh International Festival, which starts today and goes through August 27, and the Edinburgh Festival Fringe (Aug. 5-29), its sprawling, less formal sidekick. The main festival—celebrating its 75th anniversary in 2022—is an invitation-only event that brings together top classical musicians and stage performers from around the globe. The Fringe is decidedly casual. It's the world's largest arts festival and features all types of music, street performers, amateur theater productions, stand-up comedy, and more, often in city streets, church halls, pubs...basically any available space. Think free-spirited and fun. One thing's certain: Edinburgh in August keeps everyone entertained.

爱丁堡音乐节

这是举世闻名的爱丁堡城堡，它在守卫苏格兰首都的同时，灯火通明。今天，城堡里有皇家爱丁堡军事纹身，这是一次充满苏格兰风情的经历，风笛、鼓和方格呢短裙似乎足以覆盖整个苏格兰。热情的游客还可以在皇家大道（Royal Mile）上的众多招待所之一尽情享受威士忌和哈吉斯酒。皇家大道是一条色彩斑斓、熙熙攘攘的历史街区，从城堡一直延伸到伊丽莎白女王二世在苏格兰的官邸霍利罗德豪斯宫（Palace of Holyroodhouse）。

纹身是一场壮观的军事音乐、舞蹈和仪式表演，与爱丁堡国际艺术节（从今天开始，一直持续到8月27日）和爱丁堡边缘艺术节（8月5日至29日）同时举行。爱丁堡艺术节是其规模庞大、不太正式的伙伴。2022年庆祝其75周年的主要节日是一个邀请活动，汇集了来自世界各地的顶级古典音乐家和舞台表演者。流苏绝对是随意的。这是世界上最大的艺术节，以各种类型的音乐、街头艺人、业余戏剧制作、单口喜剧等为特色，通常在城市街道、教堂大厅、酒吧……基本上是任何可用空间。想一想自由和乐趣。有一件事是肯定的：八月的爱丁堡让每个人都很开心。

分隔两个湖泊的公路，苏格兰高地 Aerial of a road separating two lakes in the Scottish Highlands (© Abstract Aerial Art/Getty Images)

一年已过半 We've made it to Halfway Day!

Halfway Day

Congratulations! We've landed on Halfway Day, the middle of the year. We've lived through 182 days this year, and today is the first of 182 days left—we're halfway there. Now, it's up to you whether you see this as a glass-half-full or a glass-half-empty day.… But the past is gone, so we're getting behind the idea of making the most of the remainder of the year.

中途休息日

祝贺!我们来到了年中的一天。今年我们已经度过了182天，今天是剩下182天的第一天，我们已经走了一半。现在，这取决于你是否认为这是一个玻璃半满或玻璃半空的一天。…但是过去已经过去了，所以我们正在支持充分利用今年剩余时间的想法。

邓弗里斯和加洛韦的甜心修道院，苏格兰 Sweetheart Abbey, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland (© Westend61/Getty Images)

一场光明正大的示爱 A very public display of affection

Sweetheart Abbey, Scotland

They say Paris is 'the city of love' but there's a lesser-known place where love is the whole reason it even exists. We're in a Scottish village now known as New Abbey, about 6 miles south of Dumfries. We've stepped inside the ruins of Sweetheart Abbey, the testament to a 13th-century love between a husband and wife. Founded in 1273 by 'lady of substance' Dervorguilla of Galloway, the abbey was constructed solely to commemorate her love for English nobleman John de Balliol upon his death in 1268.

Her devotion didn't end there, though. It's said she had his heart embalmed and placed into an ivory casket bound with silver. She then carried it with her everywhere she traveled for the rest of her life. Dervorguilla and the heart were eventually laid to rest alongside John at the abbey when she passed in 1290. As time progressed, sadly, the lovers' graves were lost to war.

The ruins of Sweetheart Abbey aren't the only remnants of this ancient love still standing today. Dervorguilla, far wealthier than her husband, paid off one of his debts after he died by founding Balliol College of the University of Oxford. She also provided the capital for a permanent endowment for the college, which still exists today—the history students' society is even called the Dervorguilla Society.

苏格兰甜心修道院

他们说巴黎是“爱的城市”，但有一个鲜为人知的地方，爱是它存在的全部原因。我们在苏格兰的一个村庄，现在被称为新修道院，位于Dumfries以南约6英里处。我们走进了情人修道院的废墟，这是13世纪夫妻之间爱情的见证。这座修道院于1273年由加洛韦（Galloway）的“物质夫人”德沃吉拉（Dervorguilla）修建，专门纪念她在1268年英国贵族约翰·德·巴利奥尔（JohnDeBalliol）去世后对他的爱。

然而，她的忠诚并没有就此结束。据说她对他的心脏进行了防腐处理，并将其放入一个镶银的象牙棺材中。然后，她把它带到了她余生旅行的每一个地方。1290年，德沃吉拉和心脏最终与约翰一起在修道院安息。随着时间的推移，不幸的是，这对恋人的坟墓被战争夺去了。

甜心修道院的废墟并不是这段古老爱情的唯一遗迹，它至今仍屹立不倒。Dervorguilla比她的丈夫富裕得多，在他去世后，她通过创建牛津大学巴利奥尔学院偿还了他的一笔债务。她还为该学院提供了永久性捐赠资金，该学院至今仍然存在。历史学生协会甚至被称为Dervorguilla协会。

Linn of Quoich瀑布旁的碗状岩石洞，苏格兰阿伯丁郡 (© AWL Images/Danita Delimont)

Invergarry村庄附近的森林，苏格兰 Forest near the village of Invergarry, Scotland (© Matt Anderson Photography/Getty Images)

The Great Glen

Was this photo taken in a peppermint forest? This rare and delicate hoarfrost may look like a confectioner's coating, but it's just the ice that forms when the Scottish Highlands' fog mixes perfectly with a sharp cold snap.

We're in a storied section of Scotland—sort of a lowland of the Highlands—called the Great Glen. This deep valley runs 62 miles coast to coast—from a North Sea inlet on the east to Loch Linnhe on the west. The Great Glen's gentle slopes enclose fairytale forests like these as well as quaint villages and lochs—including nearby Invergarry and Loch Oich, respectively.

大峡谷

这张照片是在薄荷林里拍的吗？这种罕见而微妙的白霜看起来像糖果店的外衣，但它只是当苏格兰高地的雾与刺骨的寒流完美混合时形成的冰。

我们在苏格兰的一个历史悠久的地区，有点像高地的低地，叫做大峡谷。这个深谷从东到西从北海的一个海湾到林河湖，沿海岸延伸62英里。大峡谷的缓坡环绕着童话般的森林，还有古雅的村庄和湖泊，包括附近的因弗加里湖和奥奇湖。

穿越格伦菲南高架桥的蒸汽火车，苏格兰因弗内斯郡 The Jacobite steam train crossing the Glenfinnan Viaduct in Inverness-shire, Scotland (© The Escape of Malee/Shutterstock)

Scotland Glenfinnan Viaduct

Muggles from around the world flock to this iconic scene at the top of Loch Shiel in the West Highlands of Scotland to marvel at the 21-arched Glenfinnan Viaduct, also known as the 'Harry Potter bridge.' The curving structure was made famous in the film adaptation of J.K. Rowling's novels as part of the route taken by the Hogwarts Express, which carries students to and from the wizarding boarding school at the start and end of every term. And today is a reason to celebrate for Potterheads, as we are marking the 20th anniversary of Harry Potter's big screen debut.

In real life, the Hogwarts Express is the Jacobite steam train. It's described as one of the greatest railway journeys in the world, taking passengers across the viaduct on a magical 84-mile round-trip between the towns of Fort William and Mallaig in summer months, passing Ben Nevis, the highest mountain in the United Kingdom, and some of Scotland's most splendid scenery.

苏格兰格兰芬南高架桥

来自世界各地的麻瓜们蜂拥而至，来到苏格兰西部高地希勒湖山顶的这一标志性场景，惊叹于21座拱形格伦芬南高架桥，也被称为“哈利波特桥”。这座弯曲的结构在改编自J.K.罗琳小说的电影中出名，是霍格沃茨特快列车路线的一部分，在每个学期的开始和结束时，它会运送学生往返于魔法寄宿学校。今天是我们为《波特头》庆祝的一个理由，因为我们正在庆祝《哈利波特》大银幕首映20周年。

在现实生活中，霍格沃茨特快列车是雅各比特蒸汽火车。它被描述为世界上最伟大的铁路旅行之一，在夏季的几个月里，乘客们将穿越高架桥，在威廉堡和马莱格镇之间神奇地往返84英里，途经英国最高的山脉本尼维斯，以及苏格兰最壮丽的风景。

Looking down upon 'The Athens of the North'

We're kicking off festival season in Edinburgh, Scotland, with this view of the capital city from Salisbury Crags in Holyrood Park. Throughout the month of August, the city is hosting a staggering number of music, theater, opera, dance, and other types of performances as part of the Edinburgh International Festival and the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, which is the world's largest international arts festival.

Located less than a half-mile southeast from Edinburgh's main shopping street, Holyrood Park provides a welcome respite from the festival hubbub. Hike up here to take in views of Edinburgh and its famous landmarks, including Edinburgh Castle, the Scottish Parliament, Holyrood Palace, the City Centre, and the New Town, which stretches out toward the sea. Formed by glaciers and volcanic activity millions of years ago, these craggy outcroppings are among the best examples of a geological sill in Europe. We're lucky that they're still here for our hiking pleasure. For two centuries, the hard dolerite was mined, broken up and shipped off throughout the UK for use as cobblestoned streets. The locals put a stop to the mining and now we can stand here to take in the views—and during festival season if we listen closely, we may hear strains of music coming from somewhere down below.

俯瞰“北方的雅典”

我们将在苏格兰爱丁堡拉开节日的序幕，从Holyrood公园的索尔兹伯里峭壁上俯瞰首都。整个8月份，该市举办了数量惊人的音乐、戏剧、歌剧、舞蹈和其他类型的表演，作为爱丁堡国际艺术节和爱丁堡边缘艺术节的一部分，这是世界上最大的国际艺术节。

Holyrood公园位于爱丁堡主要购物街东南方向不到半英里的地方，为人们提供了一个从节日喧嚣中解脱出来的好去处。徒步来到这里，可以欣赏爱丁堡及其著名的地标性建筑，包括爱丁堡城堡、苏格兰议会、霍利罗德宫、市中心和伸向大海的新城。由数百万年前的冰川和火山活动形成，这些崎岖的露头是欧洲地质岩床的最好例子之一。我们很幸运，他们还在这里是为了我们的徒步旅行。两个世纪以来，硬辉绿岩被开采、破碎并运往英国各地，用作鹅卵石街道。当地人停止了采矿，现在我们可以站在这里欣赏风景。在节日期间，如果我们仔细聆听，我们可能会听到下面某处传来的音乐。

Welcome to Scotland's garden

Today, we're in the 'Garden of Scotland,' better known as the East Lothian region, to pay homage to the area's agricultural roots on Lammas Day. Also known as Loaf Mass Day, it's an observance that marks the beginning of the harvest season and is traditionally celebrated on August 1. The holiday is descended from the ancient British tradition known during the Middle Ages as the Gule of August and was gradually incorporated into the Christian liturgy celebrating Holy Communion. It gets its name from loaves of bread baked from the first harvested grain of the season each year.

Traditionally, Lammastide festivals would mean up to 10 days of raucous eating, drinking, and general merriment. Scottish couples could also take advantage of another common practice during a Lammas fair: a trial marriage, or 'handfast,' where a young couple could live together for a trial period that could last as long as the Lammas festival itself, or even up to a full year. If at the end of the trial the couple decided to call things off, the woman could return to her family with all of her possessions. If a child was born from this union, it would go live with the father without stigma. And while this arrangement seems awfully modern, it was likely just a consequence of a lack of priests—handfasts allowed a single traveling priest to perform all the town's weddings in one day.

欢迎来到苏格兰花园

今天，我们来到了“苏格兰花园”，更著名的是东洛锡安地区，在南丫岛日向该地区的农业根源致敬。也被称为面包弥撒日，这是一个标志着收获季节开始的节日，传统上在8月1日庆祝。这个节日起源于中世纪英国古老的传统，被称为八月红色，并逐渐融入基督教庆祝圣餐的礼拜仪式中。它的名字来源于每年收获的第一批谷物烘焙的面包。

传统上，Lammatide节日将意味着长达10天的喧闹的饮食和一般的欢乐。苏格兰夫妇还可以利用拉玛节期间的另一种常见做法：试婚，或“禁手”，年轻夫妇可以在一起生活一段试婚期，这段试婚期可能与拉玛节本身一样长，甚至长达一整年。如果在庭审结束时，这对夫妇决定取消婚约，这名妇女可以带着她所有的财产回到家中。如果一个孩子是从这种结合中出生的，那么他将与父亲生活在一起，没有任何耻辱感。虽然这种安排看起来非常现代，但很可能只是因为缺少牧师的手铐，一个旅行的牧师可以在一天内完成镇上所有的婚礼。

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