标签巴西下的文章

马拉赫塞斯国家公园，马拉尼昂州, 巴西 Sunset in Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, Maranhão, Brazil (© thanosquest/Shutterstock)

异世界之美 Otherworldly beauty

马拉赫塞斯国家公园，巴西

让我们一起来领略马拉赫塞斯国家公园令人惊叹的美景吧！该公园位于巴西马拉尼昂州东北部，是一个占地面积超过15万公顷的保护区。作为沿海海洋和塞拉多生物群落的一部分，该公园旨在保护该地区的动植物和自然美景，是真正的生态宝藏。在这里，我们可以看到在强风和定期降雨的作用下形成的红树林、沙洲和沙丘等独特的生态系统。

除了其重要的环保意义，马拉赫塞斯国家公园还以其优美的风景而闻名，曾被选为电影《复仇者联盟3：无限战争》和《复仇者联盟4：终局之战》的拍摄地。游客可以乘坐生态旅游车穿越沙丘，在水晶般清澈的泻湖中沐浴，并观赏繁星点点的夜空。公园因其独特的美景和世界上独一无二的自然现象而闻名于世，常年吸引着来自世界各地的游客，并于2024年7月被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。快来探索这片自然的天堂，沉醉于这令人惊叹的风景中吧！

阿根廷和巴西边境的伊瓜苏瀑布 Iguazu Falls at the border of Argentina and Brazil (© AirPano LLC/Amazing Aerial Agency)

“大水”中的彩虹波 Rainbow waves in 'big water'

阿根廷和巴西边境的伊瓜苏瀑布

想亲眼目睹让尼亚加拉瀑布都望尘莫及的壮观瀑布吗？让我们走进世界上最大的瀑布群——伊瓜苏瀑布。“伊瓜苏”这个名字来源于瓜拉尼语或图皮语，意思是“大水”。这些瀑布群由伊瓜苏河形成，位于阿根廷米西奥内斯省和巴西巴拉那州的交界处。它们拥有独特的阶梯状结构，是由三层玄武岩形成的两级阶梯式瀑布，非常引人注目。

在这些瀑布成为我们今天所熟知的旅游胜地之前，它们经历了一段相当漫长的旅程。西班牙探险家阿尔瓦·努涅斯·卡韦萨·德·巴卡可能是第一个看到这些瀑布的欧洲人。1917年，商人多明戈·阿亚拉加雷看到了这个地区的潜力，并建造了酒店和道路。随后，这个瀑布群成为了一个热门的旅游胜地。于是在1934年，阿根廷建立了伊瓜苏国家公园。在1939年，巴西也建立了伊瓜苏国家公园。联合国教科文组织分别在1984年和1986年将这两个国家公园列为世界遗产，并认定它们具有“杰出的普遍价值”。

Iguazu Falls at the border of Argentina and Brazil

Welcome to Iguazu Falls, the largest waterfall system in the world. The name 'Iguazu' has its origins in the regional languages Guarani or Tupi, meaning 'big water.' These epic waterfalls are formed by the Iguazu River, on the border of Argentina's Misiones province and Brazil's Paraná state.

The Iguazu Falls have long attracted admirers. Spanish explorer Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca is thought to have been the first European to see them in 1541. In 1907, businessman Domingo Ayarragaray saw their potential and built a hotel and roads nearby. The falls became such a sensation that they were designated as national parks in both countries—Argentina's Iguazu National Park in 1934 and Brazil's Iguaçu National Park in 1939. UNESCO made the parks World Heritage Sites in 1984 and 1986, respectively. Surrounded by the rainforest, the falls are made up of hundreds of cascades and channels carved over millions of years by the Iguazu River, the tallest of which is the U-shaped Devil's Throat, at 269 feet high.

亚马逊雨林，巴西 Amazon rainforest, Brazil (© Claus Meyer/plainpicture)

迷失在迷雾之中 Getting lost in the mist

世界雨林日

欢迎来到亚马逊雨林，这里有清新的空气，茂密的树叶，沙沙作响的树叶，还有成千上万种动物和鸟类的叫声。今天是世界雨林日，让我们向这片土地致敬。亚马逊雨林是南美洲的生态瑰宝，面积超过210万平方英里，其分支遍布九个国家，分别是巴西、秘鲁、哥伦比亚、玻利维亚、厄瓜多尔、法属圭亚那、圭亚那、苏里南和委内瑞拉。如今，亚马逊河流域有3000多万居民，但它也承载着失落文明的秘密，暗示着史前人类的存在。今年早些时候，考古学家在这里发现了一个庞大的城市网络，其历史可以追溯到2500年前。然而，亚马逊雨林的微妙平衡正受到威胁。猖獗的森林砍伐已经使其覆盖面积减少了20%，危及当地和全球气候。据估计，这片森林拥有来自16000个不同物种的3900亿棵树，由于它吸收和储存了大量的二氧化碳，其产生的冷却效应对地球来说是至关重要的。因此，让我们重新承诺，通过学习、分享和采取行动来保护这些至关重要的生态系统。因为他们的生存关系到我们的生存。

World Rainforest Day

Fresh air, rustling leaves, and thousands of wildlife species—welcome to the Amazon rainforest. Covering more than 2,100,000 square miles, this South America treasure extends its branches across nine nations—Brazil, Peru, Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela. Today, the Amazon is home to more than 30 million people, but it also carries secrets of lost civilizations. Archaeologists recently discovered a network of cities here dating back 2,500 years.

However, deforestation has peeled away 20% of the Amazon's cover, jeopardizing local and global climates. This forest, housing an estimated 390 billion trees, has a critical cooling effect on the planet, absorbing and storing huge amounts of carbon dioxide. World Rainforest Day highlights the need for action to protect all rainforests and help these important ecosystems continue to play a vital role in the health of our planet.

帝王棕榈树，里约热内卢植物园，巴西 Imperial palm trees in the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, Brazil (© Marcia Silva de Mendonca/Getty Images)

带你游花园 Leads you to the garden

里约热内卢植物园

里约热内卢植物园是巴西最早规划的植物园之一，始建于殖民时期，园内有8000多种植物，很多都是罕见的品种。这些植物大部分是在温室中繁殖培育而来的，其中一些还模仿了野生品种的自然生长环境。图中展示的是其中一条名为“皇家棕榈大道”的著名的大道，它由134棵棕榈树组成，长约750米（2460英尺），从入口通往花园。

植物园中的兰花园和仙人掌花园是不容错过的。兰花园从19世纪末就开始收集兰花，如今约有600种不同的兰花，其中大部分原产于巴西。仙人掌园是里约热内卢植物园中最吸引人的地方，自1910年以来，这里收集了大约400种不同的仙人掌。建立“仙人掌园”的目的还包括为医学研究提供仙人掌，以及为不同的仙人掌品种建立种子库。

伊瓜苏大瀑布鸟瞰图，巴西 (© Nido Huebl/Shutterstock)

世界新七大自然奇观之一

伊瓜苏大瀑布，巴拉那州

伊瓜苏大瀑布以其宏伟且独特的美景吸引着游客，是南美洲最令人印象深刻的自然宝藏之一。这个壮观的瀑布位于巴西和阿根廷的交界处，不仅是一个不可错过的旅游景点，也是全球公认的瑰宝。1986年，伊瓜苏大瀑布被联合国教科文组织评为世界遗产，并被世界新七大奇迹基金会评选为世界七大自然奇观之一。

瀑布所在的伊瓜苏国家公园是一个广阔的环境保护区，拥有丰富的生物多样性。在公园的小径和人行道上游览时，游客有机会目睹各种野生动物，包括美洲豹、水豚和各种热带鸟类。

内格罗河，亚马逊河流域，巴西 Río Negro, Amazon basin, Brazil (© Timothy Allen/Getty Images)

水上明镜 Mirror, mirror, on the water

内格罗河，亚马逊河流域，巴西

内格罗河起源于哥伦比亚，是亚马逊河的支流之一。在西班牙语中，
内格罗河（Río
Negro）的意思是“黑色的河”，因为从远处看它，河水是黑色的。但走进观看，其河面平静如镜，就如图中所展示的那样，可以倒映出蔚蓝的天空以及彩虹的颜色。内格罗河的河水之所以是黑色的，是因为附近沼泽中渗出了有机物分解时产生的高浓度腐殖酸。作为亚马逊河北岸最大的支流之一，内格罗河在复杂的亚马逊流域生态系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。它也是许多动植物的家园，比如极度濒危的黑白柽柳猴、巴西巨獭以及近700种鱼类。

Río Negro, Amazon basin, Brazil

From its source in Colombia, the Río Negro flows about 1,400 miles to become one of the largest tributaries of the Amazon River at the Meeting of Waters in Manaus, Brazil. It is also the largest blackwater river in the world, its water stained by decomposing organic matter that seeps in from swamps. These slow-moving, dark waters beautifully reflect the colors of the sky, including the rainbows which form over the Amazon basin, as seen here. The river also plays a crucial role in the ecosystem, as the home of many plants and animals, including the critically endangered Brazilian barefaced tamarin, the giant river otter, and nearly 700 species of fish.

Itaimbezinho峡谷，巴西 Itaimbezinho canyon, Brazil (© NidoHuebl/Getty Images)

在大自然中漫步 Walk in nature

Itaimbezinho峡谷，巴西

Itaimbezinho

峡谷是南里奥格兰德州最著名的峡谷。它是巴西自然奇观之一，位于南坎巴拉市，它是巴西南坎巴拉市的自然奇观之一，位于阿帕拉多斯达塞拉国家公园内。Itaimbezinho峡谷两侧的峭壁非常直，如刀切一般。Itaimbezinho峡谷名字便得名于峭壁的特征，在图皮瓜拉尼语中："ita"的意思是石头，"aimbé"的意思是切割和锋利。

Itaimbezinho canyon, Brazil

The Itaimbezinho Canyon is the most famous canyon in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. It is one of the natural wonders of Brazil in the city of Cambará do Sul, located in the Aparados da Serra National Park. Itaimbezinho has extremely straight walls that give the impression of having been cut with a knife. This characteristic gave rise to the name, in Tupi Guarani: "ita" means stone, and "aimbé" means cutting and sharp. The region of the canyons was also the habitat of the Indians and has also been the scene of several soap operas and miniseries.

亚马逊河鸟瞰图，巴西 Aerial view of the Amazon River in Brazil (© Curioso.Photography/Shutterstock)

匆匆而逝的河流 The rivers run through us

World Rivers Day

On World Rivers Day, we honor what may be thought of as the queen of them all—the Amazon, which flows more than 4,000 miles mostly through the South American countries of Peru and Brazil. The Amazon discharges a whopping 58 million gallons of fresh water into the ocean every second, enough to fill 83 Olympic-sized swimming pools, far more water than any other river in the world. It accounts for 20% of all fresh water that flows into the world's seas and oceans. It's also the vital heart of the largest and most diverse rain forest in the world—the Amazon Rain Forest is home to a third of the world's animal species and its trees and plants pull billions of tons of heat-trapping carbon dioxide from the atmosphere each year, making it one of the Earth's best defenses against climate change.

Mark Angelo, a river conservationist from British Columbia, launched World Rivers Day in 2005 to recognize the importance of rivers to the survival of humanity and millions of species all over the world. Rivers are our best source of fresh water, they can be an important energy source, they're the foundations of complex ecosystems, and provide crucial sources of irrigation for our crops, among other contributions to our way of life. Besides, who doesn't love a float down a lazy river?

世界河流日

在世界河流日，我们向可能被认为是所有河流中的女王的亚马逊河致敬，该河流经4000多英里，主要流经南美国家秘鲁和巴西。亚马逊河每秒向海洋排放5800万加仑的淡水，足以填满83个奥运会规模的游泳池，远远超过世界上任何其他河流。它占流入世界海洋的所有淡水的20%。亚马逊雨林是世界上最大、种类最多的雨林的重要心脏，是世界三分之一动物物种的家园，其树木和植物每年从大气中吸收数十亿吨的吸热二氧化碳，使其成为地球抵御气候变化的最佳防御措施之一。

来自不列颠哥伦比亚省的河流保护主义者马克·安吉洛（Mark Angelo）于2005年发起了世界河流日活动，以认识到河流对全世界人类和数百万物种生存的重要性。河流是我们最好的淡水来源，它们可以是重要的能源，是复杂生态系统的基础，为我们的作物提供重要的灌溉资源，以及对我们生活方式的其他贡献。此外，谁不喜欢沿着懒惰的河流漂流？

Back to the future 回到未来

200th anniversary of Brazilian independence

Today we visit the Museu do Amanhã (Museum of Tomorrow) in Rio de Janeiro to celebrate 200 years of Brazilian independence. Designed by Spanish neofuturist architect Santiago Calatrava, the unique structure was commissioned to showcase Rio's revitalized waterfront ahead of the 2016 Olympics. The museum comprises five main areas: Cosmos, Earth, Anthropocene, Tomorrow, and Us, each inviting visitors to interact in different ways and learn about living in a sustainable world.

Brazil gained independence from Portugal just a few decades after the United States broke off from Great Britain, though it happened in a decidedly different way. Don Pedro I, first emperor of Brazil, was a member of the Portuguese ruling family (he would eventually briefly rule Portugal too). When Portugal threatened to take back the political autonomy Brazil had enjoyed since 1808, Pedro sided with his adopted homeland against the Portuguese. After a three-year war that was largely bloodless, the Empire of Brazil, which preceded the vibrantly diverse democracy we know today, was born on September 7, 1822.

巴西独立200周年

今天，我们参观了里约热内卢的明天博物馆（Museu do Amanhã），以庆祝巴西独立200周年。由西班牙新未来主义建筑师圣地亚哥·卡拉特拉瓦（Santiago Calatrava）设计，这座独特的建筑被委托在2016年奥运会之前展示里约复兴的滨水区。博物馆由五个主要区域组成：宇宙、地球、人类世、明天和我们，每个区域都邀请游客以不同的方式互动，了解如何生活在一个可持续发展的世界中。

在美国脱离英国之后的几十年里，巴西从葡萄牙获得了独立，尽管这是以一种截然不同的方式发生的。巴西第一位皇帝唐·佩德罗一世是葡萄牙统治家族的成员（他最终也将短暂统治葡萄牙）。当葡萄牙威胁要夺回巴西自1808年以来享有的政治自治权时，佩德罗站在自己的祖国一边反对葡萄牙人。在经历了一场三年的基本上不流血的战争后，巴西帝国于1822年9月7日诞生，它先于我们今天所知的充满活力的多元化民主。

里约热内卢的象征 The symbols of Rio

Sugarloaf Mountain

Perhaps one of the most internationally recognized parts of Brazil, Sugarloaf Mountain overlooks the surrounding waters of Guanabara Bay and the bustling city of Rio de Janeiro. A famous cable car connects Urca – the first hill (215 metres) on the way up to Sugarloaf Mountain – with the mountain itself, which reaches a height of 396 metres above the harbour. Together they form the Sugarloaf Mountain and Urca Hill Natural Monument which, along with the Christ the Redeemer statue, are the city's most famous postcard images. The vehicle, which also connects the two hills to Praia Vermelha, was conceived in 1908 and opened in 1912. It was the first cable car in the country and the third in the world.

In today's image, the impressive mountain scenery and docked yachts are reflected in the waters of Marina da Glória. Nestled between Sugarloaf and Corcovado Mountains, Marina da Glória is one of the city’s most popular waterfront destinations. The venue hosted sailing competitions at the Rio 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games and now receives around 1.3 million visitors a year. The marina is one of South America’s premier charter destinations and can accommodate yachts measuring up to 60 meters in length. From here you can explore Flamengo Park, the largest public park and recreation area within the city, as well as enjoy some of the best views of Sugarloaf Mountain.

糖面包山

糖面包山可能是巴西最受国际认可的地区之一，它可以俯瞰瓜纳巴拉湾周围的水域和繁华的里约热内卢市。一辆著名的缆车将乌尔卡（Urca）——通往糖面包山（Sugarloaf Mountain）的第一座山（215米）——与港口上方396米的山相连。它们一起形成了糖面包山和乌尔卡山自然纪念碑，与救世主基督雕像一起，是该市最著名的明信片图像。这辆车也连接了两座山和普拉亚·维梅尔哈（Praia Vermelha），设计于1908年，并于1912年投入使用。这是该国第一辆缆车，也是世界第三辆缆车。

在今天的图片中，令人印象深刻的山景和停靠的游艇反映在Marina da Glória的水域中。Marina da Glória位于Sugarloaf和Corcovado山脉之间，是该市最受欢迎的海滨目的地之一。该场馆举办了2016年里约奥运会和残奥会的帆船比赛，目前每年接待约130万游客。码头是南美洲主要的租船目的地之一，可容纳长达60米的游艇。从这里，您可以探索弗拉门戈公园，这是市内最大的公共公园和娱乐区，还可以欣赏到糖面包山的一些最佳景色。

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