标签 博物馆 下的文章

蓝鲸骨架名为“希望”，英国伦敦自然历史博物馆 Blue whale skeleton named Hope, Natural History Museum, London, England (© Bailey-Cooper Photography/Alamy)

鲸鱼的尾巴 Tail of the whale

国际博物馆日

在英国伦敦自然历史博物馆宏伟的Hintze大厅里，一具名为Hope的骨架在头顶翱翔——一头蓝鲸在潜水途中从敬畏的游客头顶上捕获。在我们纪念国际博物馆日之际，没有比这更好的时间来庆祝我们世界的历史、艺术和科学宝库了。该活动强调了博物馆作为文化交流、发展相互理解和人民合作手段的重要性。

如图所示，伦敦自然历史博物馆成立于1881年，拥有8000万个标本，包括化石、矿物和动物标本展览。霍普83英尺长的框架是门厅的中心。在这个国际博物馆日，让希望激发你参观当地博物馆的灵感，重新点燃你的好奇心，激发你心中的奇迹。

International Museum Day

In the grand Hintze Hall of the Natural History Museum in London, UK, a skeleton named Hope soars overhead—a blue whale caught mid-dive above the heads of awestruck visitors. As we mark International Museum Day, there's no better time to celebrate our world's repositories of history, art, and science. The event emphasizes the importance of museums as a means of cultural exchange, the development of mutual understanding, and cooperation among people.

The Natural History Museum in London, pictured, was established in 1881 and boasts 80 million specimens, including fossils, minerals, and taxidermy exhibits. Hope's 83-foot-long frame is the entrance hall's centerpiece. Let Hope inspire a visit to your local museum this International Museum Day, reignite curiosity, and spark wonder in your heart.

柏林大教堂和博物馆岛，柏林，德国 Berlin Cathedral and Museum Island, Berlin, Germany (© Rudy Balasko/Shutterstock)

博物馆之夜 A night at the museums

柏林博物馆长夜

随着夏天渐渐消逝，我们开始怀念愉快的假期和多彩的夜生活。别急着回忆，欢乐的时光还没有结束！如果你在柏林，还有很多事情值得期待。比如一年一度的“博物馆长夜”活动，自1997年以来，每年八月的最后一个星期六都会举办，早已成为柏林最受欢迎的活动之一。在这个“长夜”中，博物馆的开放时间从18点直到次日凌晨，你不仅可以穿梭于各个博物馆之间欣赏世界文物，还可以喝酒跳舞，聆听音乐、参加讲座等。今天图片中的博物馆岛于1999年被列入世界文化遗产名录，岛上有柏林老博物馆、柏林新博物馆、国家美术馆、博德博物馆和佩加蒙博物馆。施普雷河环绕整座岛屿，使博物馆岛的气势更加宏伟磅礴。

Museum Night in Berlin

As the summer is fading away, we find ourselves reminiscing about vacations and long hours of lively evenings. But let's not bury the picnic days just yet! There is plenty to look forward to, especially if you are in Berlin. The Long Night of Museums only happens once a year—on the last Saturday of August since 1997—but it shakes up Museum Island and the rest of the German capital. The event series is more than a peaceful appreciation of artifacts—quite the opposite—you can expect music, talks, workshops, cocktails, dance, and more from 6 PM into the small hours of the morning. Featured in today's image, Museum Island—embraced by the Spree River—is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and it is home to a museum quintet: Altes, Bode, Pergamon, and Neues Museums, and Alte Nationalgalerie.

埃及博物馆图坦卡蒙墓中的神像描绘, 埃及开罗 Depiction of deities from the Tomb of Tutankhamun at the Egyptian Museum, Cairo, Egypt (© Stefan Lippmann/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

金色法老之墓 Tomb of the Golden Pharaoh

图坦卡蒙墓被发现一个世纪以来

一百年前的今天，英国考古学家和埃及学家霍华德·卡特在埃及国王谷发现了图坦卡蒙的石棺，也就是人们熟知的图坦卡门国王。尽管他们在1922年11月4日首次发现了“男孩国王”的陵墓，卡特和船员们花了数年时间才挖掘出墓地。他们的发现令世界震惊。它装载了超过5389件文物，包括一个纯金棺材、面罩、王座、弓箭、号角、一个莲花圣杯、家具、食物、酒、凉鞋、保护图坦卡蒙脚趾的金帽和新鲜亚麻内衣。因为你应该总是带着干净的内衣，即使你穿越到杜阿特，死亡的王国。

尽管图坦卡蒙被历史学家认为是一位未成年的法老，但他的陵墓的发现却是考古学史上最重要的发现之一。与许多邻近的墓葬不同，该墓地保存得非常完好，由于大部分墓葬的入口都覆盖着残骸，盗墓者都没有触及过该墓地。20世纪60年代，埃及允许图坦卡蒙国王的珍宝离开埃及展出，该展览已多次走遍世界。今天，图坦卡蒙国王的死亡面具和石棺在开罗埃及博物馆展出。

A century since Tut's tomb was discovered

A hundred years ago today, British archaeologist and Egyptologist Howard Carter discovered the sarcophagus of Tutankhamun, better known as King Tut, in Egypt's Valley of Kings. Though they first uncovered the tomb of the 'boy king' on November 4, 1922, Carter and crew took years to excavate the burial site. What they found astonished the world. It was loaded with more than 5,389 artifacts, including a solid gold coffin, face mask, thrones, archery bows, trumpets, a lotus chalice, furniture, food, wine, sandals, gold caps to protect Tut's toes, and fresh linen underwear. Because you should always bring clean undies, even when you're crossing into Duat, the realm of the dead.

Though Tut is considered a minor pharaoh by historians, the discovery of his tomb was one of the most significant in the history of archaeology. The burial site was remarkably well preserved—unlike many neighboring tombs, it was untouched by grave robbers thanks to debris covering the entrance for most of the tomb's existence. In the 1960s, Egypt allowed the treasures of King Tut to leave the country for display, and the exhibit has traveled the world numerous times. Today, King Tut's death mask and sarcophagus are displayed here at the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.

明天博物馆, 巴西里约热内卢 Museu do Amanhã (Museum of Tomorrow) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (© Nido Huebl/Shutterstock)

Back to the future 回到未来

200th anniversary of Brazilian independence

Today we visit the Museu do Amanhã (Museum of Tomorrow) in Rio de Janeiro to celebrate 200 years of Brazilian independence. Designed by Spanish neofuturist architect Santiago Calatrava, the unique structure was commissioned to showcase Rio's revitalized waterfront ahead of the 2016 Olympics. The museum comprises five main areas: Cosmos, Earth, Anthropocene, Tomorrow, and Us, each inviting visitors to interact in different ways and learn about living in a sustainable world.

Brazil gained independence from Portugal just a few decades after the United States broke off from Great Britain, though it happened in a decidedly different way. Don Pedro I, first emperor of Brazil, was a member of the Portuguese ruling family (he would eventually briefly rule Portugal too). When Portugal threatened to take back the political autonomy Brazil had enjoyed since 1808, Pedro sided with his adopted homeland against the Portuguese. After a three-year war that was largely bloodless, the Empire of Brazil, which preceded the vibrantly diverse democracy we know today, was born on September 7, 1822.

巴西独立200周年

今天，我们参观了里约热内卢的明天博物馆（Museu do Amanhã），以庆祝巴西独立200周年。由西班牙新未来主义建筑师圣地亚哥·卡拉特拉瓦（Santiago Calatrava）设计，这座独特的建筑被委托在2016年奥运会之前展示里约复兴的滨水区。博物馆由五个主要区域组成：宇宙、地球、人类世、明天和我们，每个区域都邀请游客以不同的方式互动，了解如何生活在一个可持续发展的世界中。

在美国脱离英国之后的几十年里，巴西从葡萄牙获得了独立，尽管这是以一种截然不同的方式发生的。巴西第一位皇帝唐·佩德罗一世是葡萄牙统治家族的成员（他最终也将短暂统治葡萄牙）。当葡萄牙威胁要夺回巴西自1808年以来享有的政治自治权时，佩德罗站在自己的祖国一边反对葡萄牙人。在经历了一场三年的基本上不流血的战争后，巴西帝国于1822年9月7日诞生，它先于我们今天所知的充满活力的多元化民主。

纽约大都会艺术博物馆 The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City (© Susanne Pommer/Shutterstock)

当地人把这个地方简称为“大都会博物馆” Locals know this place simply as 'the Met'

Museum Mile Festival

New York City's Metropolitan Museum of Art, known informally as the Met, is one of the world's preeminent museums. Perhaps no other art museum in the world commands more recognition, except the Louvre in Paris. The Met anchors Museum Mile, a stretch of Fifth Avenue on Manhattan's Upper East Side that is home to eight museums. The Met is the biggest, followed by the Guggenheim. All reside within 22 blocks of one another. Today, the city celebrates these curatorial treasures with the Museum Mile Festival, as museums extend their hours and offer free admission to all visitors. Billed as a mile-long celebration of art and culture, the festival also includes outdoor performances along Fifth Avenue.

The Met was founded in 1870 and backs up to the eastern perimeter of Central Park. Its encyclopedic collection includes art from every part of the world, from classical antiquities to modern art, musical instruments, weaponry, clothing, and even an Egyptian temple, the Temple of Dendur, which was dismantled by Egypt in 1965 and given to the US. The Met is also famous for hosting the Costume Institute Gala, better known as the Met Gala, on the first Monday of May. The gala is organized by Vogue magazine and draws celebrities from many fields.

But you don't have to be an A-lister to enjoy Museum Mile today. So, if your jam is the Met, El Museo del Barrio, the Jewish Museum, or the Cooper-Hewitt, you don't want to miss this massive block party.

五大道博物馆节

纽约大都会艺术博物馆，俗称大都会博物馆，是世界上最杰出的博物馆之一。也许除了巴黎的卢浮宫，世界上没有其他艺术博物馆能获得更多的认可。大都会博物馆位于曼哈顿上东区第五大道的一段，是八家博物馆的所在地。大都会是最大的，其次是古根海姆。它们都居住在彼此相隔22个街区的范围内。今天，随着博物馆延长营业时间并向所有游客提供免费入场券，该市将通过博物馆英里节来庆祝这些馆藏珍品。被誉为长达一英里的艺术和文化庆典，该节日还包括沿第五大道的户外表演。

大都会公园建于1870年，位于中央公园东侧。其百科全书式的收藏包括来自世界各地的艺术，从古典古董到现代艺术、乐器、武器、服装，甚至还有一座埃及寺庙，即登杜尔神庙，该神庙于1965年被埃及拆除并赠送给了美国。大都会还因在5月的第一个星期一举办服装学院晚会而闻名，更广为人知的是大都会晚会。该晚会由《Vogue》杂志组织，吸引了来自多个领域的名人。

但你不必非得成为一线明星才能享受今天的博物馆里程。所以，如果你的果酱是大都会博物馆（Met）、El Museo del Barrio、犹太博物馆（Jewish Museum）或库珀·休伊特（Cooper Hewitt），你一定不想错过这个大规模的街区聚会。

大草原之火博物馆, 陆上公园, 堪萨斯州 Museum at Prairiefire, Overland Park, Kansas (© Bernard P. Friel/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

这座博物馆使大草原着火 This museum sets the prairie on fire

International Museum Day

To mark International Museum Day, we're featuring a destination that hasn't (yet!) achieved the fame of the Louvre or the Getty or the Met, although it's as unmistakable in appearance as any of them. This relatively small wonder proves that inspiration can be found in many places, including this suburb of Kansas City. At 42,000 square feet, the Museum at Prairiefire in Overland Park, Kansas, is about 1/50th the size of the American Museum of Natural History in New York, with which it has a partnership. But to those who find beauty and truth behind its walls, Prairiefire is no less enriching.

International Museum Day was created by the International Council of Museums in 1977 to create awareness that 'museums are an important means of cultural exchange, enrichment of cultures and development of mutual understanding, cooperation and peace among peoples.' It's observed annually on or around May 18 by more than 37,000 museums in 158 countries and territories. Each year is assigned a different theme. This year's theme is 'The Power of Museums,' to innovate and build community.

The Museum at Prairiefire, which opened in May 2014, is devoted primarily to natural history. It borrows displays from larger museums and hosts at least two major traveling exhibits per year. Its striking glass exterior, featured here, was designed to reference the intentional prairie fires that were an integral part of farming life in Kansas. The glass is dichroic, which means that its color changes with the light of the day. The museum is itself a work of art.

国际博物馆日

为了纪念国际博物馆日，我们推出了一个尚未（目前！）获得了卢浮宫、盖蒂宫或大都会博物馆的美誉，尽管它在外观上和它们中的任何一个一样无误。这一相对较小的奇迹证明，灵感可以在许多地方找到，包括堪萨斯城的这个郊区。位于堪萨斯州Overland Park的Prairiefire博物馆占地42000平方英尺，大约是与之合作的纽约美国自然历史博物馆的一半大小。但对于那些在墙后发现美丽和真理的人来说，草原之火同样丰富多彩。

国际博物馆日是由国际博物馆理事会于1977年创建的，目的是让人们认识到“博物馆是文化交流、丰富文化、促进各国人民相互理解、合作与和平的重要手段”每年5月18日左右，158个国家和地区的37000多家博物馆都会举办这一活动。每年都有不同的主题。今年的主题是“博物馆的力量”，创新和建设社区。

草原之火博物馆于2014年5月开放，主要致力于自然历史。它借用大型博物馆的展品，每年至少举办两次大型巡回展览。其引人注目的玻璃外观，这里的特色，旨在参考故意草原火灾，这是堪萨斯州农业生活的组成部分。这种玻璃是二向色的，这意味着它的颜色会随着白天的光线而变化。博物馆本身就是一件艺术品。

西班牙马拉加蓬皮杜中心 Centre Pompidou Málaga in Málaga, Spain (© Wim Wiskerke/Alamy)

International Museum Day

On International Museum Day, we're looking at the Centre Pompidou Málaga in Spain, an offshoot of the modern art museum in Paris. This location was introduced in 2015 as a pop-up branch—a temporary, underground space for exhibitions and multi-disciplinary experiences as well as workshops dedicated to younger audiences. Originally scheduled for a 5-year run, it was extended until 2025. The piece we see here, 'El Cubo,' created by French artist Daniel Buren, is the only part of the museum that's visible above ground. The glass cube functions as a multicolored skylight, its panels projecting tinted light into the subterranean museum's courtyard below.

International Museum Day began in 1977, with participating museums, galleries, and similar institutions offering free or reduced admission, as well as programs to highlight the work they do. In 2020, the format was adapted to focus on virtual activities, and this year will offer a mix of online, hybrid, and in-person events. As museums around the world begin to re-open their doors, this year's theme is 'The Future of Museums: Recover and Reimagine.'

国际博物馆日

在国际博物馆日，我们看到的是西班牙拉加蓬皮杜市中心，巴黎现代艺术博物馆的一个分支。2015年，这一位置作为一个弹出式分支引入，是一个临时地下空间，用于展览和多学科体验，以及专门为年轻观众举办的研讨会。原计划运行5年，延长至2025年。我们在这里看到的是法国艺术家丹尼尔·布伦（Daniel Buren）创作的“El Cubo”，这是博物馆中唯一能在地面上看到的部分。玻璃立方体的功能就像一个五颜六色的天窗，它的面板将有色光线投射到地下博物馆的庭院下面。

国际博物馆日始于1977年，参加活动的博物馆、美术馆和类似机构提供免费或减少门票，以及突出他们所做工作的项目。2020年，这种形式被调整为以虚拟活动为重点，今年将提供在线、混合和面对面的活动。随着世界各地的博物馆开始重新开放，今年的主题是“博物馆的未来：复原和重新想象”

 菲格雷斯的达利剧院博物馆, 西班牙 Dalí Theatre-Museum in Figueres, Spain (© Valerija Polakovska/Shutterstock)

'A theatrical dream'

The work of surrealist artist Salvador Dalí is the stuff of dreams: melting clocks, burning giraffes, weird objects suspended in midair. Gaze at a Dalí and you may find yourself gripped with a strange sense of familiarity, like your subconscious has visited these strange places before. But what if you could literally step into a huge Dalí piece?

This odd, ostentatious building in Dalí's hometown of Figueres, Spain, is exactly that. Fully imagined and designed by the artist himself, the Dalí Theatre-Museum is built on the ruins of the town's former municipal theater, where a precocious 14-year-old Dalí once had his first exhibition. 'The people who come to see it will leave with the sensation of having had a theatrical dream,' said Dalí, and his design delivered. The Theatre-Museum is a labyrinthine guided tour exploring Dalí's artistic growth and his wild ways of thinking—it features 1,500-plus Dalí originals from all stages of his career, as well as collected works by artists who inspired him. Some might even say it houses the specter of the great surrealist: Dalí himself is buried in a crypt below the building.

“戏剧梦”

超现实主义艺术家萨尔瓦多·达利的作品充满了梦想：融化的时钟、燃烧的长颈鹿、悬在半空中的怪异物体。凝视一个达利人，你可能会发现自己被一种奇怪的熟悉感紧紧抓住，就像你的潜意识以前去过这些奇怪的地方一样。但如果你真的能走进一个巨大的达利片呢？

达利家乡西班牙菲格雷斯（Figueres）的这座奇特、招摇的建筑正是如此。达利剧院博物馆完全是由艺术家自己想象和设计的，它建在该镇前市政剧院的废墟上，一个早熟的14岁的达利曾经在那里举办过他的第一次展览达利说，前来观看的人会带着做了一个戏剧梦的感觉离开，他的设计交付了。剧院博物馆是一个迷宫式的导游之旅，探索达利的艺术成长和他狂野的思维方式。它展出了1500多件达利在其职业生涯各个阶段的原作，以及激发他灵感的艺术家收集的作品。有人甚至会说，这里藏有伟大超现实主义的幽灵：达利本人被埋在大楼下面的一个地下室里。

National Museum of Qatar in Doha, Qatar (© Hasan Zaidi/Shutterstock)

Desert rose of Qatar

International Museum Day brings us to Qatar, a small but wealthy nation on the Arabian Peninsula, surrounded by the waters of the Persian Gulf and bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south. In the capital city of Doha you'll find its National Museum, shown here, which opened in March of 2019. This elaborate building was designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Jean Nouvel, who sourced his inspiration from the desert rose crystal. Look closely and amid the futuristic interlocking disks of the new museum you'll see the early 20th-century Old Amiri Palace, once home of the Emir of Qatar, surrounded by a courtyard of palm trees.