标签 奥地利 下的文章

萨尔茨堡，奥地利 Salzburg, Austria (© bluejayphoto/Getty Images)

闪烁的街道和冰峰 Twinkling streets and icy peaks

萨尔茨堡，奥地利

今天，我们来到奥地利城市萨尔茨堡，一个永不过时的地方。这里的圣诞季有一种神奇的氛围，让人流连忘返。闪闪发光的装饰让这座城市焕发生机，空气中弥漫着炒栗子、热红酒和新鲜出炉的饼干的香气。在此期间，这里会举办萨尔茨堡圣诞集市，这是世界闻名的传统圣诞市场。在今天的照片中，可以看到霍亨萨尔茨堡城堡，那里是颇受欢迎的城堡圣诞市场，洋溢着节日的欢乐。

萨尔茨堡的街道上举行着以克兰普斯和佩尔钦特为主角的游行，这些令人不安的形象是奥地利备受喜爱的民间传统的核心人物。当这些可怕的角色在街上狂奔时，他们一半在跳舞，一半在跺脚，让所有观看的人不寒而栗。这些游行与众不同，是萨尔茨堡圣诞精神不可或缺的一部分，与舒缓心灵的圣诞颂歌同样重要。从1946年一场简单的圣诞颂歌音乐会开始，萨尔茨堡的圣诞颂歌传统已经发展成为一种独特的流派，并激发了德语国家各地的圣诞颂歌活动。它融合了传统歌曲、高山曲调、深情朗诵和场景表演，如今已成为圣诞节前的一大亮点。因此，在萨尔茨堡的圣诞季期间，您一要尽情享受这种神奇的体验。

Salzburg, Austria

Today, we're in the Austrian city of Salzburg, a place that never goes out of style. The Advent season here creates a magical atmosphere, making it a truly unforgettable time to visit this city. Twinkling decorations bring the place to life, and the cozy scents of warm chestnuts, mulled wine, and freshly baked cookies mingle in the air. During this time, Salzburger Christkindlmarkt, a world-famous traditional Advent market, is hosted here. Seen on the hill in today's image is the Hohensalzburg Fortress, home to the popular Fortress Advent market, brimming with holiday cheer.

The streets come alive with parades featuring Krampus and Perchten, unsettling figures central to Austria's cherished folk traditions. When these fearsome characters storm down the streets, half dancing, half stomping, they leave everyone watching with chills. These parades are unlike anything else and are as much a part of Salzburg's Christmas spirit as the soul-soothing Advent Singing. Starting as a simple Christmas carol concert back in 1946, the Salzburg Advent Singing tradition has grown into a genre all its own, inspiring Advent singing events throughout German-speaking countries. Blending traditional songs, alpine tunes, heartfelt readings, and scenic performances, it's now a cherished highlight of the pre-Christmas season. So, the Advent season in Salzburg offers a magical experience you don't want to miss.

戈林格瀑布，泰嫩高，萨尔茨堡，奥地利 Gollinger Waterfalls, Tennengau, Salzburg, Austria (© Frank Fischbach/Alamy Stock Photo)

缓缓下降 A gentle descent

戈林格瀑布，萨尔茨堡，奥地利

从桀骜不驯的萨尔扎霍芬峡谷到世界上最古老的哈莱因盐矿，再到世界上最大的冰洞埃斯瑞森韦尔特，奥地利拥有众多奇观。萨尔茨堡州的戈林格瀑布无疑也是其中之一，这条平缓温和的瀑布，高249英尺，包含两条大瀑布，其中一条从施瓦茨巴赫瀑布洞口倾泻而下，汇入宁静如画的水潭。在这里，一年四季都能见到极致的美景，春日绿树成荫，冬日白雪皑皑。自1985年以来，该地区就被列为奥地利的自然保护区，无论你是喜欢徒步旅行、摄影，还是想拥抱大自然，这里都是一个绝佳的旅游目的地。

Golling Waterfall, Salzburg, Austria

This chilly scene captures Austria's stunning Golling Waterfall, less than 20 miles south of the city of Salzburg. Tumbling down in two stages from the mouth of the Schwarzbachfall cave, the 249-foot fall is a sight to behold in every season—whether it's framed by the lush greenery of spring or the icy embrace of winter. This region is known for its natural wonders and is also home to the world’s biggest ice cave, Eisriesenwelt, and the narrow Salzachöfen Gorge, considered to be the birthplace of white-water kayaking. Whether you are into hiking, photography, or just looking to spend some quality time in nature, this is a great Austrian destination.

美泉宫公园的秋叶，维也纳，奥地利 Autumn foliage in Schönbrunn Palace Park, Vienna, Austria (© rusm/Getty Images)

落叶爱好者的天堂 A leaf stomper's paradise

维也纳美泉宫公园，奥地利

1743年，玛丽亚·特蕾莎皇后决定对奥地利美泉宫进行豪华改建，直至1918年，它一直是哈布斯堡王朝皇帝们钟爱的住所。美泉宫是巴洛克时代真正的瑰宝，它拥有郁郁葱葱的花园和世界上现存最古老的公共动物园。如今，这些华丽的建筑和美丽的花园都归奥地利政府所有。公园里的小径，绿树成荫，让人远离城市的喧嚣与嘈杂，漫步其中，仿佛回到了18世纪，神秘又浪漫。

Schönbrunn Palace Park, Vienna, Austria

This autumnal scene can be found on the grounds of Schönbrunn Palace, in the Austrian capital, Vienna. It was the summer residence of the ruling Habsburg emperors from the 18th century to 1918, having been redeveloped by Empress Maria Theresa in the 1740s. Complemented by its lush gardens, which house the world's oldest existing public zoo, the palace itself is a gem of Europe's opulent Baroque era. Schönbrunn Palace Park has been open to the public since 1779 and both it and the palace, now under the ownership of the Austrian government, are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This leaf-strewn path offers an escape from the bustling city. So, take a stroll on this enchanting estate and let yourself be transported to centuries past.

斯太尔河, 奥地利 Steyr River, Austria (© guenterguni/Getty Images)

大自然的蓝色奇观 Nature's blue wonder

斯太尔河，奥地利

今天这张照片并未经过调色，奥地利斯太尔河的水真的就是这般湛蓝。斯太尔河流经托特斯山脉，当地植被稀少，那为什么斯太尔河还能如此清澈湛蓝？答案就在环绕斯太尔河谷的群山之中。雨水和融化的雪水流入斯太尔河后，其中较重的沉积物沉到水底，而较细的沉积物则会悬浮在水中。被沉积物散射或反射的阳光就赋予了河水这样鲜艳的蓝色。

Steyr River, Austria

These whitewater rapids are found in Upper Austria, where the Steyr River crashes down from the barren Totes Gebirge (the Dead Mountains) through this verdant landscape. When it comes to the ancient town of Steyr, at the foot of the Alps, it will meet the Enns River, which flows into the Danube.

What gives the Steyr that stunning blue hue? The answer is found in the mountains themselves. When there's rainfall or the surrounding snow melts, eroded sediment flows into the river. Heavier sediment sinks to the bottom and finer sediment stays suspended in the water. Sunlight is scattered or reflected by the sediment, allowing us to see a vibrant shade of blue, as the Steyr crashes through this lush landscape.

维也纳美景宫的圣诞市场，奥地利 Christmas market at Belvedere in Vienna, Austria (© Diyana Dimitrova/Alamy)

圣诞节的倒影 Reflecting on Christmas

维也纳Belvedere的圣诞集市

圣诞集市赢得了节日的三重大奖：你可以买到有趣的、通常是手工制作的礼物，它们位于欧洲风景如画、浪漫的城镇和村庄，它们用热葡萄酒和当地美食吸引你。有什么不喜欢的？圣诞集市，或称为“维纳赫斯多夫”，是欧洲最古老的降临节之一。

我们的照片显示了奥地利的Belevedere圣诞市场，位于多瑙河对岸，上贝尔维代尔（Upper Belvedere）郊外，是该酒店的两座宫殿之一。如果你去逛圣诞集市，花点时间逛一逛，看看这个季节的所有景色和气味。在维也纳，这座建筑令人印象深刻的城市在节日期间全力以赴，灯光、装饰和音乐一应俱全，而丽城宫则是一个颇具戏剧性的背景。

Christmas market at Belvedere in Vienna

Christmas markets win the holiday trifecta: You can buy interesting, often hand-crafted gifts, they are set in picturesque, romantic towns and villages in Europe, and they tempt you with mulled wine and local delicacies. What's not to like? Christmas markets, or 'Weihnachtsdorf,' are one of Europe's oldest Advent events.

Our photo shows Austria's Belevedere Christmas market from across the Danube River, outside Upper Belvedere, one of two palaces on the property. If you visit a Christmas market, make the time to stroll, taking in all the sights and smells of the season. In Vienna, the architecturally impressive city goes all out for the holidays, with lights, decorations, and music, and the Belvedere Palace is a suitably dramatic backdrop.

哈尔施塔特，奥地利 Hallstatt, Austria (© Jon Arnold Images Ltd/Alamy)

哈尔施塔特，奥地利 A city so nice they made it twice

奥地利哈尔施塔特

奥地利哈尔施塔特村周围山丘上的盐矿被认为是世界上最古老的盐矿之一。盐曾经是哈尔施塔特经济的支柱。如今，这些矿山成为一个受欢迎的旅游景点。这个故事书村庄吸引了大量游客，以至于被认为是过度旅游的地区。该镇已设法限制每天可以参观的人数。哈尔施塔特的魅力是如此之大，以至于2011年在中国广东省建造了一座完全相同的小镇。所以，如果他们不能把你挤到哈尔施塔特，也许你可以跳到中国版。

Hallstatt, Austria

The salt mines in the hills surrounding the village of Hallstatt, Austria, are thought to be some of the oldest in the world. Salt was once the backbone of Hallstatt's economy. Today the mines make a popular tourist attraction. This storybook village draws in masses of visitors, so many that it is considered an area of over-tourism. The town has sought to limit the number of people who can visit each day. Hallstatt's charms were so considerable that an identical recreation of the town was built in Guangdong, China, in 2011. So, if they can't squeeze you into Hallstatt, perhaps you can pop over to China's version.

在高地陶恩山脉的滑雪旅行，奥地利巴德加斯坦 Ski touring in the High Tauern mountain range near Bad Gastein, Austria (© RooM the Agency/Alamy)

Ski touring in Austria

The High Tauern mountains above the Austrian spa town of Bad Gastein is one of many regions around the world that attract brave ski-touring enthusiasts, like the three skiers crossing the ridge here. Ski touring is a sport for only the most skilled athletes, since it generally involves mountaineering—navigating unfamiliar mountain territory and climbing with gear, all without removing your skis.

It's usually done off-piste, or outside the established boundaries of ski resorts. And while 'backcountry' skiers will sometimes take a ski lift or helicopter to the upper elevations, those who commit to true ski touring do the hard work themselves, as the point of ski touring is often to reach the most remote areas they can find. The skiing itself can be a combination of downhill and cross-country styles Ski touring has been around since the late 19th century but has become more popular in the past few decades.

奥地利滑雪旅游

奥地利温泉小镇巴德加斯坦（Bad Gastein）上方的陶恩山（Tauern High mountains）是世界上吸引勇敢的滑雪旅游爱好者的众多地区之一，就像三名滑雪者穿过这里的山脊一样。滑雪旅游是一项只有最熟练的运动员才能参加的运动，因为它通常包括登山、穿越不熟悉的山地和带着装备攀岩，所有这些都不需要脱下滑雪板。

通常在滑雪道外或滑雪胜地的既定边界外进行。虽然“偏远地区”的滑雪者有时会乘坐滑雪缆车或直升机前往海拔较高的地区，但那些致力于真正的滑雪旅行的人自己会做艰苦的工作，因为滑雪旅行的目的往往是到达他们能找到的最偏远的地区。滑雪本身可以是下坡滑雪和越野滑雪的结合。滑雪旅游从19世纪末就开始了，但在过去的几十年里变得越来越流行。

湖畔的一棵小圣诞树，奥地利魏森湖 Holiday tree at Weissensee, a small lake near Ehrwald in Tyrol, Austria (© nagelestock/Alamy)

'Smoking nights' in Austria

Behold the lovely Tannenbaum ('fir tree' for you non-German speakers). Here in Tyrol, Austria, Christmas Eve marks the first of three Rauchnächte, or 'smoking nights.' A long-standing Tyrolean tradition, people in this Alpine region burn frankincense and herbs in homes, barns, and stables to avert bad fortune. The custom is then repeated on the other two 'smoking nights,' New Year's Eve and the night before Epiphany.

It's said that everything that happens on these nights is of great significance, including one's dreams. Whatever you dream on smoking nights is thought to be a message from above foretelling what the next year may bring. Pardon us while we drift off to the holiday carol 'O Tannenbaum,' currently playing in our heads. Sweet dreams!

奥地利的“吸烟之夜”

看看可爱的坦嫩鲍姆（“冷杉树”适合非德语人士）。在奥地利的蒂罗尔，平安夜是三个“吸烟之夜”中的第一个这个阿尔卑斯地区的人们在家里、谷仓和马厩里燃烧乳香和草药以避免厄运，这是一个由来已久的蒂罗尔传统。这一习俗随后在另外两个“吸烟之夜”——除夕夜和主显节前一晚重复。

据说，在这些夜晚发生的一切都具有重大意义，包括一个人的梦想。无论你在吸烟之夜做什么梦，都被认为是来自上面的信息，预示着明年会发生什么。请原谅，当我们去度假的时候，卡罗尔·奥·塔南鲍姆正在我们的脑海中演奏。甜美的梦！

夜幕下的萨尔察赫河，奥地利萨尔茨堡 Salzburg with Salzach river, Austria (© MacEaton/Alamy)

Salzburg, Austria

If you know of Salzburg, Austria, it's probably because of Mozart and not monsters. But if your holiday wish is to be chased by an unseemly seasonal demon, the narrow, medieval streets of this city are the place to be tonight.

The furry, devil-horned figure of Krampus is a sidekick to Santa Claus in Alpine folklore. This mean and mischievous bogeyman travels with Saint Nick, whipping naughty kids with sticks while Santa showers the good ones with toys. Too cheery for you? In other versions of the legend, Krampus eats the little misbehavers up or drags them to hell. And you thought a lump of coal was harsh.

Though the roots of Krampus festivities stretch back to ancient times, Austrian officials tried to stamp out the yuletide demon in the mid-20th century. But like an undead fiend, Krampus has resurged in popularity in the last decade or so, his legend spreading around the world. He's been the subject of several (mostly low-budget) horror movies in the US alone, and central Europe has seen revived Krampus-themed festivities like Salzburg's 'Krampus run.' Typically held December 5, this raucous event sees costumed Krampuses and other grotesque ghouls chase revelers through the old city.

奥地利萨尔茨堡

如果你知道奥地利萨尔茨堡，那可能是因为莫扎特而不是怪物。但是，如果你的假日愿望是被一个不体面的季节性恶魔追逐，那么这个城市狭窄的中世纪街道就是今晚的理想之地。

在阿尔卑斯山的民间传说中，长着毛茸茸的魔鬼角的克兰普斯是圣诞老人的伙伴。这个卑鄙淘气的妖怪和圣尼克一起旅行，用棍子鞭打顽皮的孩子，而圣诞老人则用玩具给好孩子洗澡。你太高兴了？在传说的其他版本中，克兰普斯吃掉了这些小捣蛋鬼，或者把他们拖进地狱。你觉得一块煤块很粗糙。

尽管克兰普斯节的起源可以追溯到远古时代，但奥地利官员在20世纪中叶试图消灭圣诞节恶魔。但是，像一个不死恶魔一样，克兰普斯在过去十年左右的时间里重新流行起来，他的传奇传遍了全世界。仅在美国，他就成了几部（大部分是低成本的）恐怖电影的主角，中欧地区也出现了类似萨尔茨堡的“克拉姆普斯奔跑”这样的以克拉姆普斯为主题的庆祝活动。通常在12月5日举行的这场喧闹的活动中，身着盛装的克拉姆普斯和其他怪诞的食尸鬼在老城追逐狂欢者。

田里的拖拉机和装载着卷心菜的拖车，奥地利圣珀尔滕 View of a tractor and trailers of cabbage in a field in Sankt Pölten, Austria (© Stephan Zirwes/Getty Images)

It's harvest time on World Food Day

This tractor is transporting trailers full of one of the world's most versatile veggies: cabbage. A stalwart in Slavic recipes, a key ingredient in Korean kimchi, and essential to that sauerkraut on your ballpark dog, it's the perfect cosmopolitan crop to represent World Food Day.

Organized annually by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN, World Food Day puts a spotlight on the issue of food security: The ability of individuals or communities to readily access nutritious food. This year, food security is of extra concern as the COVID-19 pandemic has further threatened already vulnerable communities. But the FAO says these threats could be turned into opportunities to rebuild food supply chains in more targeted, cooperative, and efficient ways—so they've given 2020's World Food Day the theme 'Grow, Nourish, Sustain. Together.'