哈萨塔角灯塔，佛罗伦萨，俄勒冈州 Heceta Head Light, Florence, Oregon (© Tom Schwabel/Tandem Stills + Motion)

哈萨塔角灯塔，佛罗伦萨，俄勒冈州 Heceta Head Light, Florence, Oregon (© Tom Schwabel/Tandem Stills + Motion)

黑夜海岸边的一盏灯 A light in the coastal darkness

Heceta Head Light, Florence, Oregon

Heceta Head Light is perched 205 feet above the Pacific Ocean on Oregon's central coast. The headland is named for Spanish Basque explorer Don Bruno de Heceta, who led a secret expedition in 1775 to bolster Spain's claim to the Pacific Coast of North America. Having sailed from Mexico, by the time the voyage reached these shores, the crew was ravaged by scurvy and Heceta made the call to turn back—but not before he became the first to map and record a written description of the mouth of the Columbia River as well as this rocky 1,000-foot-high headland that would eventually bear his name. By the 19th century, seafarers making their way up and down the coast made the call for a lighthouse to guide their way. Construction of the 56-foot-tall lighthouse was complicated by the steep bluffs and remote location, but the first light beam pierced through the darkness on March 30, 1894.

The first lightkeepers at Heceta Head found the location too isolated, prompting several of them to leave the job after just a short period. Staffing turnover persisted until the 1930's when nearby Oregon Coast Highway was put into service and the area received electricity. The lighthouse played a minor role in World War II when 75 members of the Coast Guard and their dogs were stationed here to guard the beaches. The lighthouse became fully automated in 1963, and by 1970 the lightkeeper's house entered a new era as a satellite campus for a nearby community college. These days the area is on the National Registry of Historic Places and the lightkeeper's cottages have a new life as rooms of a bed and breakfast.

俄勒冈州佛罗伦萨哈萨塔角灯塔

哈萨塔角灯塔位于俄勒冈州中央海岸的太平洋上空205英尺处。岬角以西班牙巴斯克探险家唐·布鲁诺·德·赫切塔的名字命名，他于1775年领导了一支秘密探险队，以支持西班牙对北美太平洋海岸的主张。从墨西哥启航后，当航程到达这些海岸时，船员们被坏血病蹂躏，赫西塔呼吁掉头，但在他成为第一个绘制并记录哥伦比亚河口以及最终以他的名字命名的1000英尺高岩石岬角的书面描述之前。到了19世纪，在海岸上下航行的海员们呼吁建造灯塔来指引他们的航行。这座56英尺高的灯塔因陡峭的悬崖和偏远的地理位置而变得复杂，但1894年3月30日，第一束光线穿透了黑暗。

赫西塔海德的第一批灯管人员发现该地点过于孤立，促使他们中的几人在很短的时间内离开了工作岗位。人员流动一直持续到20世纪30年代，附近的俄勒冈州海岸公路投入使用，该地区通电。灯塔在第二次世界大战中发挥了次要作用，当时有75名海岸警卫队成员和他们的狗驻扎在这里守卫海滩。灯塔在1963年实现了全自动，到1970年，灯塔作为附近社区学院的卫星校园进入了一个新时代。这些天来，该地区已被列入国家历史遗迹登记册，灯塔的小屋作为一个床和早餐的房间有了新的生活。