标签保加利亚下的文章

贝洛格拉齐克石林，保加利亚 Belogradchik Rocks, Bulgaria (© EvaL Miko/Shutterstock)

刻在石头上 Set in stone

贝洛格拉齐克石林，保加利亚

在保加利亚巴尔干山脉西麓，贝洛格拉奇克石林如同一座天然画廊，每一块岩石都诉说着独特的故事。这些砂岩与石灰岩柱经过数百万年的风化与侵蚀，形成了千姿百态的奇特造型，当地人坚信其中有些轮廓酷似人物、动物，甚至完整的场景。因此，这些岩石也被赋予了富有想象力的名字，如"骑手岩"、"女学生岩"、"僧侣岩"等。在这片土地上，辨认岩石形状就像在玩一场大自然版的猜谜游戏，既有趣又充满惊喜。

这些岩石如今已被列入联合国教科文组织的世界遗产预备名单，绵延超过18英里，环绕着贝洛格拉奇克小镇。它们的色彩会随着光线变化，从深红到金黄，宛如一幅动态的自然画卷。历史也曾赋予它们实际用途——贝洛格拉奇克堡垒就是最好的例证。这座堡垒最早由罗马人修建，后来又被奥斯曼人加固，其结构巧妙地依托岩石作为天然屏障。毕竟，当山体已经筑起坚固防线，又何须再费力建墙？如今，游客们来到这里徒步、攀岩、拍照，探索那些奇形怪状的岩石。但他们往往带走的不只是照片，更是故事。贝洛格拉奇克石林不仅是地质构造，更是凝固在石头中的传说。

The Belogradchik Rocks in Bulgaria

In Bulgaria, on the western slopes of the Balkan Mountains, the Belogradchik Rocks stand like a natural gallery where every formation tells a tale. Shaped over millions of years by erosion, these sandstone and limestone pillars twist and tower into outlines that locals swear resemble people, animals, and even entire scenes. That's why names like 'The Horseman,' 'The Schoolgirl,' and 'The Monks' have stuck—it's a landscape where spotting shapes feels a bit like playing nature's version of charades.

The rocks, which are on UNESCO's Tentative List, stretch for more than 18 miles around the town of Belogradchik, their colors shifting from deep red to gold depending on the light. History found a use for them, too. The Belogradchik Fortress, first built by the Romans and later reinforced by Ottomans, leans on the rocks as natural defense. Why build walls when the mountain has already done the heavy lifting? Visitors today come to hike, climb, and photograph the unusual shapes, but they often leave with something extra: stories. The Belogradchik Rocks aren't just formations—they're legends frozen in stone.

德弗塔什卡洞, Devetaki村庄，保加利亚 Devetashka Cave, Devetaki, Bulgaria (© Jasmine_K/Shutterstock)

雄伟的天然穹顶 The skylights are a nice touch

德弗塔什卡洞，保加利亚德韦塔基

走进德弗塔什卡洞穴深处，在保加利亚自然奇观中穿越时空。不过，这次探险有一个条件：你不能害怕蝙蝠！大约有3万只这种会飞的哺乳动物在此栖息。这个岩溶洞穴是碳酸盐岩被水溶解后形成的，现在属于公园的一部分。德弗塔什卡洞穴中的人类活动可以追溯到公元前7万年左右的早期石器时代，另外这里还发现了公元前6000—4000年的新石器时代手工艺品。洞中的几个大开口将自然光引入洞室，为摄影师和自然爱好者提供了更好的照明效果。

Devetashka Cave, Devetaki, Bulgaria

Step through time and into the cavernous depths of Devetashka Cave in Bulgaria, a sprawling prehistoric complex which humans called home for tens of thousands of years. These days, it is home to bats, about 30,000 of them, as well as rare birds and reptiles. This karst cave was formed by erosion and is now part of a public park. Humans are thought to have sought shelter here as far back as the Early Stone Age, about 70,000 years ago, and many Neolithic artefacts from 6000-4000 BCE have been discovered. Several large openings in the cave cast natural light into the chambers, offering better illumination for photographers and nature lovers alike.

博罗韦茨，保加利亚 Borovets, Bulgaria (© Grigor Ivanov/Cavan Images)

冬季仙境 Winter wonderland for your wallet

保加利亚Borovets滑雪场

Borovets是保加利亚最古老的冬季滑雪胜地，成立于1896年。它是一个更便宜的欧洲滑雪胜地，而不是阿尔卑斯山上更昂贵的滑雪胜地，特别是对于滑雪新手和那些在斜坡上寻找乐趣而不花大钱的人来说。

该度假区曾被保加利亚皇室用作狩猎场。Borovets覆盖了保加利亚和巴尔干半岛最高的山峰Musala Peak的山麓和山脊，位于国家首都索非亚以南几十英里的东部Rila山脉。

Borovets ski resort in Bulgaria

Borovets is Bulgaria's oldest winter resort, established in 1896. It's a cheaper European skiing alternative to the more expensive resorts in the Alps, especially for novice skiers and those looking for fun on the slopes without shelling out the big bucks.

The resort area was once used by Bulgarian royalty as hunting grounds. Borovets covers the foothills and ridge-spine of Musala Peak, the highest mountain in Bulgaria and the Balkans, in the eastern Rila Mountains only a few dozen miles south of the national capital, Sofia.

巴尔干中央国家公园的布罗肯现象，保加利亚 Brocken specter in Central Balkan National Park, Bulgaria (© Maya Karkalicheva/Getty Images)

山上的幽灵 A ghost on the mountain

保加利亚中央巴尔干国家公园的布罗肯幽灵

万圣节即将来临，我们呈现了布洛克幽灵的鬼影。尽管出现了，而且这个赛季，布罗肯幽灵并没有什么超自然现象。这是观察者在半空中投射在强光源对面的云上的放大阴影。布罗肯幽灵是罕见的，但在黎明时爬上一座山，爬上雾蒙蒙的山坡，你可能很幸运地看到了这种效果。尽管这种幽灵，也被称为布罗肯弓、山幽灵或布罗肯幽灵，可以出现在条件合适的任何地方，但德国哈兹山脉的山峰布罗肯的浓雾创造了一个当地传说，这一现象由此得名。1780年，约翰·西尔伯施拉格（Johann Silberschlag）观察并描述了布罗肯幽灵，此后，有关该地区的文献中经常有记录。

Brocken specter in Central Balkan National Park, Bulgaria

With Halloween around the corner, we present the ghostly image of a Brocken specter. Despite appearances, and the season, there's nothing paranormal about a Brocken specter. It's the magnified shadow of an observer cast in midair upon a cloud opposite a strong light source. Brocken specters are rare but climb a mountain at dawn up to the misty slopes and you may be fortunate enough to witness the effect. While the specter, also known as a Brocken bow, mountain specter, or specter of the Brocken, can appear anywhere in which conditions are right, the thick fogs of the Brocken, a peak in the Harz Mountains in Germany, have created a local legend from which the phenomenon draws its name. The Brocken specter was observed and described by Johann Silberschlag in 1780 and has since been recorded often in literature about the region.

Does this crossing carry a curse?

You've heard of a bridge over troubled waters, but what if the bridge is troubled too? Legend tells of a Bulgarian stonemason, Dimitar, who was tasked with solving a bridge problem here in the early 1500s. Dimitar was hired to construct a crossing that wouldn't collapse into the rushing Arda river, as had all previous spans in this strange spot.

How could Dimitar build a bridge to beat all the others? By making a deal with the devil, of course. As one version of the story goes, Lucifer impelled Dimitar to encase his wife's shadow in the stonework, which imbued the bridge with supernatural strength against the rapids. The diabolical catch? Trapping her shadow meant she was doomed to death once construction was completed. Dimitar finished the bridge in 40 days, and his wife died shortly after.

Dyavolski Most (Devil's Bridge) in the Rhodope Mountains of southern Bulgaria stands tall to this day as proof of Dimitar's deadly pact. Or could it be, perhaps, that Dimitar was just a really good stonemason? Five centuries on, it's all water under the bridge…

这个十字路口有诅咒吗？

你听说过一座跨越麻烦的桥，但如果这座桥也有麻烦呢？传说中有一位名叫迪米塔尔的保加利亚石匠，在16世纪初被派来解决这里的一座桥梁问题。迪米塔尔被雇来建造一条不会倒塌到湍急的阿尔达河中的渡口，就像在这个陌生的地方以前所有的跨度一样。

迪米特尔怎么能建造一座桥梁来击败其他所有人？当然是和魔鬼做交易。正如故事的一个版本所说，路西法迫使迪米特尔将他妻子的影子包裹在石雕中，石雕使桥充满了抵御急流的超自然力量。恶魔般的捕获？困在她的影子里意味着一旦建筑完工，她就注定要死。迪米特尔在40天内完成了这座桥，他的妻子不久就去世了。

位于保加利亚南部罗多普山脉的迪亚沃斯基Most（魔鬼之桥）屹立至今，是迪米塔尔致命契约的证明。或者，也许迪米特尔只是一个真正优秀的石匠？五个世纪过去了，桥下全是水…

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