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加利福尼亚湾中数千条杰克鱼成群游动，墨西哥普尔莫角国家公园 Thousands of jack fish swimming together at Cabo Pulmo National Park, Sea of Cortez, Baja California, Mexico (© Christian Vizl/Tandem Stills + Motion)

A day for our oceans

To celebrate World Oceans Day, we're swimming through a shoal of jack fish just off the coast of Baja, California, in Cabo Pulmo National Park. This Mexican marine park in the Sea of Cortez is home to the northernmost and oldest coral reef on the west coast of North America, estimated to be about 20,000 years old. Jacks are clearly plentiful here, but divers and snorkelers in Cabo Pulmo can also come across many other species of fish and marine mammals, including many varieties of sharks, whales, dolphins, tortoises, and manta rays.

For this year's World Oceans Day, the UN chose the theme 'The Ocean: Life & Livelihoods,' to raise awareness of the nearly 3 billion people worldwide who depend on oceans for their food and way of life. The residents of Cabo Pulmo know a little about this—to help revitalize their previously unprotected and overfished waters, the Mexican government turned Cabo Pulmo into a national park in 1995. But more controversially, they also banned fishing, a big deal in an area where many residents lived off the food they caught by hand. The preservation efforts paid off, though—researchers say the park experienced a 460% increase in the number of fish living in park waters between 1999 and 2009, turning Cabo Pulmo one of the world's most robust marine reserves. Now, many residents who once relied on fishing have been able to move into jobs in ecotourism or other vocations supporting the park.

海洋的一天

为了庆祝世界海洋日，我们正在加利福尼亚州巴哈海岸附近的卡波普尔莫国家公园游泳。这座位于科尔特斯海的墨西哥海洋公园是北美洲西海岸最北、最古老的珊瑚礁的所在地，据估计大约有2万年的历史。杰克在这里显然很丰富，但在卡波普尔莫潜水员和潜水者也可以遇到许多其他种类的鱼类和海洋哺乳动物，包括许多种类的鲨鱼、鲸鱼、海豚、乌龟和蝠鲼。

今年的世界海洋日，联合国选择了“海洋：生命与生计”这一主题，以提高全世界近30亿以海洋为食物和生活方式的人们的认识。卡波普尔莫的居民对此略知一二，为了帮助恢复他们以前未受保护和过度捕捞的水域，墨西哥政府在1995年将卡波普尔莫变成了一个国家公园。但更具争议的是，他们还禁止捕鱼，这在一个许多居民靠手工捕捞的食物为生的地区是一件大事。保护工作取得了成效，不过研究人员说，1999年至2009年间，公园水域的鱼类数量增加了460%，使卡波普尔莫成为世界上最强大的海洋保护区之一。现在，许多曾经依赖捕鱼的居民已经能够从事生态旅游或其他支持公园的职业。